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Non-rigid registration of multi-phase liver CT data using fully automated landmark detection and TPS deformation

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Abstract

In case of the complicated anatomical structure of the liver, landmark points on a three dimensional (3D) liver surface is hardly distinguished as corresponding pairs visually and automated landmark placing will be extremely time saving for liver registration. This paper presents a fully automated landmark detection method to register livers on multi-phase computed tomography (CT) images. Edge texture features and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are applied to detect the discriminated landmarks of the liver, including both surface and internal points. Using the information of liver shape, 3D gray level co-occurrence matrix is calculated into texture features, from which the most informatics there features are selected by our optimization algorithm for choosing a sub-set of features from a high dimensional feature set. Then automated landmarks detection begins at scanning surface points on the pre-contrast and portal venous phase images, where positive outputs of the SVM classifier are regarded as initial candidates and final candidates are obtained by eliminating false positives (FPs). Finally, relied on the detected landmarks, thin plate splines (TPS) algorithm is used to register livers. Five surface landmarks, together with internal landmarks of the liver center from every 25 mm slice interval, can be detected automatically with sensitivity of 88.33% and accuracy of 98.5%. Surface-based mean error (SME) is decreased from 3.80 to 2.87 mm on average, while SME value has increased 32.4 and 8.0% on average respectively when comparing with the rigid and B-spline methods. The results demonstrate that edge textures and SVM classifier are effective in the automated landmark detection. Together with TPS algorithm, fully automated liver registration is able to be achieved on multi-phase CT images.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant: 81460274), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant: 81760324). This work was supported in part by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Grant Number 26108005). Funding was provided by Health and Family planning Commission of Guangxi (Grant Number Z2016762).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China

    Xuejun Zhang & Xiaomin Tan

  2. Department of Medical Imaging, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Xin Gao

  3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China

    Xuejun Zhang

  4. People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region, Nanning, China

    Dongbo Wu

  5. Department of Intelligent Image Information, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1154, Japan

    Xiangrong Zhou & Hiroshi Fujita

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Correspondence to Xin Gao.

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Zhang, X., Tan, X., Gao, X. et al. Non-rigid registration of multi-phase liver CT data using fully automated landmark detection and TPS deformation. Cluster Comput 22 (Suppl 6), 15305–15319 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018-2567-3

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