Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and Implementation of Low Power High-Efficient Transceiver for Body Channel Communications

  • Image & Signal Processing
  • Published:
Journal of Medical Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Body channel communications (BCC) have been researched while an allowing technology to improve necessities for the low power and high reconfiguration power in wireless telemetry systems used at wireless communication purpose. Conventional features on BCC are concentrated mostly on modeling of channels by using of an efficient measurement technique, wireless transceiver design and then by means of a transmission technique. Particularly, the wireless digital transmitting, developed as a personalized method intended for the body channel, offers wanted to develop flexible and low power BCC systems. With the developing level of wearable communication protocol and applications, there may be an increasingly reliable on an adaptable BCC transmitter that helps both data reconfigure power and power reduction condition. In this paper, an extremely reconfigurable Hamming Encoding Digital Transmitter (HEDT) which works with both reconfigurable data and power reduction condition that supports from two innovative operation conditions is suggested. In a HEDT device, the overall data rate is controlled by the level of Hamming codes designed to make use of in the perfect BCC band of 20–100 MHz. The proposed Hamming Encoded Transmission method achieves seven times improved data rate when compared with conventional BCC processors. The next unique implementation technique is based on the usage of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) of a Hamming encoded HEDT approach. This approach permits the BCC transceiver to use the perfect channel with bandwidth among 40–100 MHz. Thereby half the clock rate reduces 40% of overall power utilization. The HEDT system is completely designed in a 65 nm CMOS procedure. It uses a primary area of 0.14 × 0.2 mm. When functioning below a data-rate of 60 Mb/s (low power) condition, the BCC transmitter utilizes only 1.00 mW.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abolhasan, M., Lipman, J., Smith, D., and Jamalipour, A., Wireless body area networks: A survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor., 16 (3), Third quarter, 2014.

  2. Seyedi, M., Kibret, B., Lai, D. T. H., and Faulkner, M., A survey on intrabody communications for body area network applications. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 60(8):2067–2079, 2013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Viittala, H., Hämäläinen, M., and Iinatti J., Impact of difference in WBAN channel models on UWB system performance. Int. Sym. Spread Spectrum Tech. Applic., 1015–1030, 2010.

  4. Saadeh, W., and Altaf MAB., A 1.1-mW ground effect-resilient body-coupled communication transceiver with Pseudo OFDM for head and body area network. IEEE J. Solid-State Circ. 2690–2702, 2017.

  5. Zimmerman, T. G., Personal area networks: Near-field intrabody communication. IBM Syst. J. 35(3–4):609–617, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zimmerman, T. G., Applying electric field sensing to human–computerinterfaces. Proc. CHI, pp. 280–287, 1995.

  7. Musavi, F., and Eberle, W., Overview of wireless power transfer technologies for electric vehicle battery charging. IET Power Elect. 7(1):60–66, 2014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Xie, L., Shi, Y., Hou, Y. T., and Lou, A., Wireless power transfer and applications to sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Commun. 20(4):140–145, 2013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wang, J. et al., Analysis of on-body transmission mechanism and characteristic based on an electromagnetic field approach. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theor. Tech. 57(10):2464–2470, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Shinagawa, M. et al., A near-field-sensing transceiver for intrabody communication based on the electrooptic effect. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 53(12):1533–1538, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Maity S., Chatterjee B., and Chang, G., A 6.3pJ/b 30Mbps −30dB SIR-tolerant broadband interference-robust human body communication transceiver using time domain signal-interference separation. IEEE Custom Integ Circ. Conf. 230–242, 2018.

  12. Baldus, H., et al., Human-centric connectivity enabled by body-coupled communications. IEEE Commun. Mag, 172–178, 2009.

  13. Bae, J., and Yoo, H. J., The effects of electrode configuration on body channel communication based on analysis of vertical and horizontal electric dipoles. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theor. Tech. 63(4):1409–1420, 2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Timmermann, J., Pancera, E., Adamiuk, G., Wiesbeck, W., and Zwick, T., Estimated performance of UWB impulse radio transmission including dirty RF effects. Proc. IEEE Conf. Ultra-wideband (ICUWB). 205–208, 2008.

  15. Zhang, L., Liu, X., Huang, J., and Wang, L., Baseband system for human body channel communication. Proc. Biomed. Eng. Inform. (BMEI), 778–781, 2010.

  16. Tsai P-Y., Chang, Y-Y., Hsu, S-Y., and Lee, C-Y., An OFDM-based 29.1Mbps 0.22nJ/bit body channel communication baseband transceiver. VLSI Design, Auto., and Test (VLSI-DAT), 815–821, 2015.

  17. Shikada, K., Jianqing, W () Development of human body communication transceiver based on impulse radio scheme. Proc. 2nd IEEE CPMT Symp., Japan. 1–4, 2012.

  18. Tsou, Y. L., Siyong, C., Gong, A., Cheng, N. C., and Lee, Y., Integrated biosensing platform based on a 1.74-mW −90-dBm sensitivity dual- mode-operation receiver for IEEE 802.15.6 Human Body Communication Standard. IEEE Sensors J 15(6):3317–3327, 2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hyoung, C. H., Kang, S. W., Park, S. O., and Kim, Y. T., Transceiver for human body communication using frequency selective digital transmission. ETRI J. 34(2):216–225, 2012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Anzai, D., Katsu, K., Chavez-Santiago, R., Wang, Q., Plettemeier, D., Wang, J. et al., Experimental evaluation of implant UWB-IR transmission with living animal for body area networks. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theor. Tech. 61(1):183–192, 2013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Tengfei, L., Zedong, N., Wenchen, W., Feng, G., and Lei, W., A human body communication transceiver based on onoff keying modulation. Proc. Int. Symp. Bioelectron. Bioinform. (ISBB). 61–64, 2011.

  22. Namjun, C., Jeabin, L., and Yan, L., A 60kb/s-to-10Mb/s 0.37nJ/b adaptive-frequency-hopping transceiver for body-area network. IEEE Int. Solid-State Circ. Conf. - Digest Tech. Papers, 801–816, 2008.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur, Tamilnadu, India

    S. Vijayalakshmi & V. Nagarajan

Authors
  1. S. Vijayalakshmi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Nagarajan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Vijayalakshmi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Author 1 declares that she has no conflict of interest. Author 2 declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Image & Signal Processing

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vijayalakshmi, S., Nagarajan, V. Design and Implementation of Low Power High-Efficient Transceiver for Body Channel Communications. J Med Syst 43, 81 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-019-1204-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-019-1204-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation