Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Photonics-based multi-band/multi-mode radar signal generation

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Microwave/millimeter-wave photonics is playing a prominent role in overcoming the challenges of RF signal generation and processing. This evolving technology has many advantages, such as RF carrier stability and broad operating bandwidth, and is applicable to a wide range of civil and military applications such as 5G communication networks, radar/jammer systems, and medical imaging. In this work, we leverage the multidimensional capabilities of microwave photonics in order to generate multi-band/multi-mode radar signals for multi-purpose applications. Our proposed system can generate up to five radar bands, simultaneously, with different modulation bandwidths, without hardware modifications. Additionally, various radar waveforms can be transmitted, simultaneously, over the corresponding radar bands. The RF radar signals are generated optically using a reconfigurable frequency comb source, which reduces the system cost significantly. The stability of the RF carriers is experimentally tested and compared with that of the mode-locked-loop-based laser sources, wherein a comparable performance is observed. Experimental results show the generation of four radar waveforms, including frequency modulated waveforms (pulsed linear frequency modulation and frequency modulated continuous wave) and polyphase codes (Barker-11 and Barker-13). Moreover, five carrier frequencies are used to transmit the various radar modulation schemes. These are 5.25, 9.325, 16.1, 26.4, and 28.15 GHz RF carriers. The signal quality is measured experimentally, and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 35, 30, 30, 25, and 20 dB SNR was observed in the C-, X-, Ku-, K-, and Ka-bands, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ghelfi, P., Laghezza, F., Scotti, F., Onori, D., Bogoni, A.: Photonics for radars operating on multiple coherent bands. J. Lightwave Technol. 34, 500–507 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Engels, F., Heidenreich, P., Zoubir, A.M., Jondral, F.K., Wintermantel, M.: Advances in automotive radar: a framework on computationally efficient high-resolution frequency estimation. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 34, 36–46 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jia, C., Geng, G., Chang, T., Yang, C., Fan, W., Guo, Y., Sun, Z., Liu, L., Guo, Q., Cui, H.L.: Millimeter wave imaging of cracks in bulk coal. IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 6, 554–562 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Peichl, M., Albers, T., Dill, S.: Detection of small impurities in bulk material by MMW radar. In: 16th international radar symposium (IRS), pp. 294–299. (2015)

  5. Li, C.J., Ling, H.: An investigation on the radar signatures of small consumer drones. IEEE Antenna Wirel. Propag. Lett. 16, 649–652 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wang, X., Xu, L., Sun, H., Xin, J., Zheng, N.: On-road vehicle detection and tracking using MMW radar and monovision fusion. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 17, 2075–2084 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Vavriv, D.M., Bezvesilniy, O.O., Volkov, V.A., Kravtsov, A.A., Bulakh, E.V.: Recent advances in millimeter-wave radars. In: International conference on antenna theory and techniques (ICATT), pp. 1–6. (2015)

  8. Marimuthu, J., Bialkowski, K.S., Abbosh, A.M.: Software-defined radar for medical imaging. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 64, 643–652 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nadeem, F., Kvicera, V., Awan, M.S., Leitgeb, E., Muhammad, S.S., Kandus, G.: Weather effects on hybrid FSO/RF communication link. IEEE J. Sel. Area Commun. 27, 1687–1697 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Bowers, J.E.: Integrated microwave photonics. In: International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, pp. 1–4 (2015)

  11. Yao, J.: Microwave photonics. J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 314–335 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Nguyen, T.A., Chan, E.H.W., Minasian, R.A.: Photonic multiple frequency measurement using a frequency shifting recirculating delay line structure. J. Lightwave Technol. 32, 3831–3838 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ghelfi, P., Laghezza, F., Scotti, F., Serafino, G., Pinna, S., Onori, D., Lazzeri, E., Bogoni, A.: Photonics in radar systems: RF integration for state-of-the-art functionality. IEEE Microw. Mag. 16, 74–83 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ghelfi, P., Laghezza, F., Scotti, F., Serafino, G., Capria, A., Pinna, S., Onori, D., Porzi, C., Scaffardi, M., Malacarne, A., Vercesi, V., Lazzeri, E., Berizzi, F., Bogoni, A.: A fully photonics-based coherent radar system. Nature 507, 341–345 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Chen, J., Zou, W., Wu, K.: Reconfigurable microwave photonics radars. In: International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, pp. 59–62 (2016)

  16. Minasian, R.A.: Ultra-wideband and adaptive photonic signal processing of microwave signals. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 52, 1–13 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Futatsumori, S., Morioka, K., Kohmura, A., Okada, K., Yonemoto, N.: Design and field feasibility evaluation of distributed-type 96 GHz FMCW millimeter-wave radar based on radio-over-fiber and optical frequency multiplier. J. Lightwave Technol. 34, 4835–4843 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Tian, J., Sun, J., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Tan, W.: Multiband radar signal coherent fusion processing with IAA and apFFT. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 20, 463–466 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Huynh, C., Lee, J., Nguyen, C.: Multi-band radio-frequency integrated circuits for multiband and multimode wireless communication, radar and sensing systems in harsh environments. In: International conference on acoustics speech and signal processing (ICASSP), pp. 789–792. (2014)

  20. Debatty, T.: Software defined RADAR a state of the art. In: 2nd international workshop on cognitive information processing, pp. 253–257. (2010)

  21. Costanzo, S., Spadafora, F., Borgia, A., Moreno, H.O., Costanzo, A., Di Massa, G.: High resolution software defined radar system for target detection. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2013, 7 (2013)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Kwag, Y.K., Jung, J.S., Woo, I.S., Park, M.S.: Multi-band multi-mode SDR radar platform. In: 5th Asia-Pacific conference synthetic aperture radar (APSAR), pp. 46–49. (2015)

  23. Costanzo, S., Spadafora, F., Moreno, O.H., Scarcella, F., Di Massa, G.: Multiband software defined radar for soil discontinuities detection. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2013, 6 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Han, J., Nguyen, C.: Development of a tunable multiband UWB radar sensor and its applications to subsurface sensing. IEEE Sens. J. 7, 51–58 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang, F., Gao, B., Pan, S.: Photonics-based MIMO radar with high-resolution and fast detection capability. Opt. Express 26, 17529–17540 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Gao, B., Zhang, F., Yao, Y., Pan, S.: Photonics-based multiband radar applying an optical frequency sweeping comb and photonic dechirp receiving. In: 2018 Asia communications photonics conference (ACP), pp. 1–3. (2018)

  27. Brandão, T., Filgueiras, H., Alves, A., Scotti, F., Melo, S., Bogoni, A., Cerqueira Jr., A.: Dual-band system composed by a photonics-based radar and a focal-point/Cassegrain parabolic antenna. J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl. 17, 567–578 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Gliese, U., Nielsen, T.N., Norskov, S., Stubkjaer, K.E.: Multifunctional fiber-optic microwave links based on remote heterodyne detection. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 46, 458–468 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Tadao, N., Akihiko, H., Naofumi, S., Ho-Jin, S., Naoya, K.: Photonic generation of millimeter and terahertz waves and its applications. In: 19th international conference on applied electromagnetics communications, pp. 1–4. (2007)

  30. Goldberg, L., Taylor, H.F., Weller, J.F., Bloom, D.M.: Microwave signal generation with injection-locked laser diodes. Electron. Lett. 19, 491–493 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Rideout, H.R., Seregelyi, J.S., Paquet, S., Yao, J.: Discriminator-aided optical phase-lock loop incorporating a frequency down-conversion module. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 18, 2344–2346 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Reilly, J.J.O., Lane, P.M., Heidemann, R., Hofstetter, R.: Optical generation of very narrow linewidth millimetre wave signals. Electron. Lett. 28, 2309–2311 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Xiangfei, C., Zhichao, D., Jianping, Y.: Photonic generation of microwave signal using a dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 54, 804–809 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, under the Research Group Program under Contract RG-1438-092.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. KACST Technology Innovation Center in Radio Frequency and Photonics Center, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    Amr Ragheb, Waleed Tariq Sethi, Muhammad Ahmad Ashraf, Habib Fathallah & Saleh A. Alshebeili

  2. Communications and Networks Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia

    Maged A. Esmail

  3. Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Hussein Seleem

  4. Computer Department of the College of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

    Habib Fathallah

  5. Electrical Engineering Department, KACST Technology Innovation Center in Radio Frequency and Photonics Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh A. Alshebeili

Authors
  1. Amr Ragheb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Maged A. Esmail
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hussein Seleem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Waleed Tariq Sethi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Muhammad Ahmad Ashraf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Habib Fathallah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Saleh A. Alshebeili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amr Ragheb.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ragheb, A., Esmail, M.A., Seleem, H. et al. Photonics-based multi-band/multi-mode radar signal generation. Photon Netw Commun 39, 91–101 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-019-00859-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-019-00859-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation