Abstract
Multi-path based routing and switching can achieve network-wide load balancing and reduce the port conflicts of switching devices. Motivated by this novel idea, in this paper, through analyzing the feasibility of implementing multi-next-hops in core switching networks comprehensively, we advance a switching scheme called MHRS (multi-next-hop re-routing switch) and a forwarding table management scheme called HMFT (hierarchical multi-stage forwarding table) to support multi-next-hop dynamical re-routing. MHRS implements dynamical re-routing in the switches according its congestion status to achieve real-time load balancing, while HMFT can provide traffic with different forwarding paths based on their QoS requirements. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that switches equipped with HMFT and MHRS can provide good delay and throughput performance. Besides, they can reduce port conflicts significantly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Teixeira R. Characterizing and measuring path diversity of internet topologies. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS, New York: ACM Press, 2003. 304–305
Savage S. The end-to-end effects of internet path selection. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM, New York: ACM Press, 1999. 289–299
Banner R, Orda A. Multipath routing algorithms for congestion minimization. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2007, 15: 413–424
He J Y, Shen R Z, Li Y, et al. DaVinci: Dynamically adaptive virtual networks for a customized internet. In: Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT Conference, New York: ACM Press, 2008
Feldmann A, Greenberg A, Lund C, et al. Deriving traffic demands for operational IP networks: methodology and experience. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2001, 9: 257–270
Xu D H, Chiang M, Rexford J. DEFT: Distributed exponentially weighted flow splitting. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2007: 71–79
Anti M, Maksi N, Knězevi P, et al. Two phase load balanced routing using OSPF. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun, 2010, 28: 51–59
Zhu D, Gritter M, Cheriton D. Feedback based routing. ACM SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev, 2003, 33: 71–76
Kaur H, Kalyanaraman, Weiss A, et al. BANANAS: An evolutionary framework for explicit and multipath routing in the Internet. In: Proceedings Future Directions in Network Architecture, New York: ACM Press, 2003. 277–288
Raghavan B, Snoeren A. A system for authenticated policy-compliant routing. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM. New York: ACM Press, 2004. 167–178
Argyraki K, Cheriton D. Loose source routing as a mechanism for traffic policies. In: Proceedings of Future Directions in Network Architecture. New York: ACM Press, 2004. 57–64
Yang X. NIRA: A new inter-domain routing architecture. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2003, 15: 775–788
Andersen D, Balakrishnan H, Kaashoek F, et al. Resilient overlay networks. ACM SIGOPS Operating Syst Rev, 2001, 35: 131–145
Walton D, Retana A, Chen E. Advertisement of multiple paths in BGP. Internet Draft, draft-walton-bgp-add-paths-05.txt, 2006
Xu W, Rexford J. MIRO: Multi-path interdomain routing. ACM SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev, 2006, 36: 171–182
McKeown N. Scheduling algorithms for input-queued cell switches. Dissertation of Doctoral Degree, California: University of California, 1995
Nabeshima M. Performance evaluation of a combined input- and crosspoint-queued switch. IEICE Trans Commun, 2000, E83-B: 737–741
Rojas-Cessa R, Oki E, Jing Z, et al. On the combined input-crosspoint buffered switch with round-robin arbitration. IEEE Trans Commun, 2005, 53: 1945–1951
Luo J Z, Lee Y, Wu J. DRR: A fast high-throughput scheduling algorithm for combined input-crosspoint-queued (CICQ) switches. In: Proceedings of the IEEE MASCOTS. Washington DC: IEEE Press, 2005. 329–332
Javidi T, Magill R, Hrabik T. A high-throughput scheduling algorithm for a buffered crossbar switch fabric. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Int Conf on Communications (ICC). New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2001. 1586–1591
McKeown N, Mekkittikul A. Starvation free algorithm for achieving 100% throughput in an input queued switch. In: Proceedings of the ICCCN. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 1996. 226–229
Mhamdi L, Hamdi M. MCBF: A high-performance scheduling algorithm for buffered crossbar switches. IEEE Commun Lett, 2003, 7: 451–453
Zhang X, Bhuyan L N. An efficient scheduling algorithm for combined input-crosspoint-queued (CICQ) switches. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Globecom. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2004. 1168–1173
Chang C S, Hsu Y H, Cheng J, et al. A dynamic frame sizing algorithm for CICQ switches with 100% throughput. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2009. 738–746
Shen Y M, Panwar S S, Chao H J. SQUID: A practical 100% throughput scheduler for crosspoint buffered switches. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2008, PP(99): 1
Magill B, Rohrs C, Stevenson R. Output-queued switch emulation by fabrics with limited memory. IEEE J Sel Areas in Commun, 2003, 21: 606–615
Chuang S-T, Iyer S, McKeown N. Practical algorithms for performance guarantees in buffered crossbars. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2005. 981–991
Turner J. Strong performance guarantees for asynchronous crossbar schedulers. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2009, 17: 1017–1028
Zhang X, Mohanty S, Bhuyan L. Adaptive max-min fair scheduling in buffered crossbar switches without speedup. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2007. 454–462
He S, Sun S, Guan H, et al. On guaranteed smooth switching for buffered crossbar switches. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2008, 16: 718–731
Pan D, Yang Y Y. Localized independent packet scheduling for buffered crossbar switches. IEEE Trans Comput, 2009, 58: 260–274
Marsan M, Bianco A, Giaccone P, et al. Multicast traffic in input-queued switches: Optimal scheduling and maximum throughput. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking, 2003, 11: 465–477
Hu H. Study on the Key Technologies of Switching and Scheduling in Packet Switching Networks. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree, Zhengzhou: PLA Information Engineering University, 2010
Shi L, Liu B, Li W J, et al. DS-PPS: A practical framework to guarantee differentiated QoS in terabit routers with parallel packet switch. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM. New York: IEEE Communications Society, 2006. 1–12
Hu H C, Yi P, Guo Y F. Design and implementation of high performance simulation platform for switching and scheduling. J Software, 2008, 19: 1036–1050
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hu, H., Guo, Y., Yi, P. et al. Achieve load balancing with a dynamic re-routing CICQ switching scheme. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 55, 407–418 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-011-4286-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-011-4286-8