Abstract
Heston model is the most famous stochastic volatility model in finance. This paper considers the parameter estimation problem of Heston model with both known and unknown volatilities. First, parameters in equity process and volatility process of Heston model are estimated separately since there is no explicit solution for the likelihood function with all parameters. Second, the normal maximum likelihood estimation (NMLE) algorithm is proposed based on the Itô transformation of Heston model. The algorithm can reduce the estimate error compared with existing pseudo maximum likelihood estimation. Third, the NMLE algorithm and consistent extended Kalman filter (CEKF) algorithm are combined in the case of unknown volatilities. As an advantage, CEKF algorithm can apply an upper bound of the error covariance matrix to ensure the volatilities estimation errors to be well evaluated. Numerical simulations illustrate that the proposed NMLE algorithm works more efficiently than the existing pseudo MLE algorithm with known and unknown volatilities. Therefore, the upper bound of the error covariance is illustrated. Additionally, the proposed estimation method is applied to American stock market index S&P 500, and the result shows the utility and effectiveness of the NMLE-CEKF algorithm.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Black F, Scholes M. The pricing of options and corporate liabilities. J Polit Econ, 1973, 81: 637–654
Hull J. Options, futures, and other derivatives. In: Asset Pricing. Berlin: Springer, 2009. 9–26
Gallant A R, Tauchen G. Which moments to match? Economet Theory, 1996, 12: 657–681
Fama E F. The behavior of stock-market prices. J Bus, 1965, 38: 34–105
Cont R. Empirical properties of asset returns: stylized facts and statistical issues. Quant Financ, 2001, 1: 223–236
Engle R F, Ng V K. Measuring and testing the impact of news on volatility. J Financ, 1993, 48: 1749–1778
Engle R F, Patton A J. What good is a volatility model. Quant Financ, 2001, 1: 237–245
Hull J, White A. The pricing of options on assets with stochastic volatilities. J Financ, 1987, 42: 281–300
Wiggins J B. Option values under stochastic volatility: theory and empirical estimates. J Financ Econ, 1987, 19: 351–372
Heston S L. A closed-form solution for options with stochastic volatilities with applications to bond and currency options. Rev Financ Stud, 1993, 6: 327–343
Moodley N. The Heston model: a practical approach with matlab code. Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, 2005
Dupire B. Pricing and hedging with smiles. In: Mathematics of Derivative Securities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. 103–111
Weron R, Wystup U. Heston’s Model and the Smile. Berlin: Springer, 2005. 161–181
Tang C Y, Chen S X. Parameter estimation and bias correction for diffusion processes. J Economet, 2009, 149: 65–81
Ait-Sahalia Y, Kimmel R. Maximum likelihood estimation of stochastic volatility models. J Financ Econ, 2007, 83: 413–452
Ren P. Parametric estimation of the Heston model under the indirect observability framework. Dissertation for Ph.D. Degree. Houston: University of Houston, 2014
Jacquier E, Polson N G, Rossi P E. Bayesian analysis of stochastic volatility models. J Bus Econ Stat, 1994, 20: 69–87
Nelson D B. The time series behavior of stock market volatility and returns. Dissertation for Ph.D. Degree. Cambridge: MIT, 1988
Javaheri A, Lautier D, Galli A. Filtering in finance. Wilmott, 2003, 3: 67–83
Aihara S I, Bagchi A, Saha S. On parameter estimation of stochastic volatility models from stock data using particle filter-application to AEX index. Int J Innov Comput Inf Control, 2009, 5: 17–27
Li J. An unscented Kalman smoother for volatility extraction: evidence from stock prices and options. Comput Stat Data Anal, 2013, 58: 15–26
Pitt M K, Shephard N. Filtering via simulation: auxiliary particle filters. J Am Stat Assoc, 1999, 94: 590–599
Hu J, Wang Z D, Shen B, et al. Quantised recursive filtering for a class of nonlinear systems with multiplicative noises and missing measurements. Int J Control, 2013, 86: 650–663
Hu J, Wang Z D, Liu S, et al. A variance-constrained approach to recursive state estimation for time-varying complex networks with missing measurements. Automatica, 2016, 64: 155–162
Jiang Y G, Xue W C, Huang Y, et al. The consistent extended Kalman filter. In: Proceedings of Chinese Control Conference (CCC), Chengdu, 2014. 6838–6843
He X K, Jing Y G, Xue W C, et al. Track correlation based on the quasi-consistent extended Kalman filter. In: Proceedings of the 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC), Hangzhou, 2015. 2150–2155
Jiang Y G, Huang Y, Xue W C, et al. On designing consistent extended Kalman filter. J Syst Sci Complex, 2017, 30: 751–764
Shreve S E. Stochastic Calculus for Finance II: Continuous-time Models. New York: Springer Science & Business Media, 2004
Cox J C, Ingersoll J E, Ross S A. A theory of the term structure of interest rates. Econometrica, 1985, 53: 385–407
Nykvist J. Time consistency in option pricing models. Dissertation for Master Degree. Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology, 2009
Hamilton J D. Time Series Analysis. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994
Stein E M, Stein J C. Stock price distributions with stochastic volatility: an analytic approach. Rev Financ Stud, 1991, 4: 727–752
Kladívko K. Maximum likelihood estimation of the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross process: the matlab implementation. Technical Computing Prague, 2007. http://www2.humusoft.cz/www/papers/tcp07/kladivko.pdf
Simon D. Optimal State Estimation: Kalman, H1, and Nonlinear Approaches. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2006. 395–407
Andersen L B G. Simple and efficient simulation of the Heston stochastic volatility model. J Comput Financ, 2008, 11
Lord R, Koekkoek R, Dijk D V. A comparison of biased simulation schemes for stochastic volatility models. Quant Financ, 2010, 10: 177–194
Tang C Y, Chen S X. Parameter estimation and bias correction for diffusion processes. J Economet, 2009, 149: 65–81
Exchange C B O. The CBOE volatility index-VIX. White Paper, 2009. www.cboe.com/micro/vix/vixwhite.pdf
Christensen B J, Prabhala N R. The relation between implied and realized volatility. J Financ Econ, 1998, 50: 125–150
Zhu S H, Pykhtin M. A guide to modeling counterparty credit risk. Social Sci Elect Pub, 2008, 1: 16–22
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, X., He, X., Bao, Y. et al. Parameter estimates of Heston stochastic volatility model with MLE and consistent EKF algorithm. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 61, 042202 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-017-9215-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-017-9215-8