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Peering into the Milky Way by FAST: I. Exquisite Hi structures in the inner Galactic disk from the piggyback line observations of the FAST GPPS survey

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Abstract

Neutral hydrogen (Hi) is the fundamental component of the interstellar medium. The Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey is designed for hunting pulsars by using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) from the visible Galactic plane within ∣b∣≤ 10°. The survey observations are conducted with the L-band 19-beam receivers in the frequency range of 1.0–1.5 GHz, and each pointing has an integration time of 5 min. The piggyback spectral data simultaneously recorded during the FAST GPPS survey are great resources for studies on the Galactic Hi distribution and ionized gas. We process the piggyback Hi data of the FAST GPPS survey in the region of 33° ≤ l ≤ 55° and ∣b∣≤ 2°. The rms of the data cube is found to be approximately 40 mK at a velocity resolution of 0.1 km s−1, placing it the most sensitive observations of the Galactic Hi by far. The high velocity resolution and high sensitivity of the FAST GPPS Hi data enable us to detect weak exquisite Hi structures in the interstellar medium. Hi absorption line with great details can be obtained against bright continuum sources. The FAST GPPS survey piggyback Hi data cube will be released and updated on the web: http://zmtt.bao.ac.cn/MilkyWayFAST/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Tao Hong, JinLin Han, LiGang Hou, XuYang Gao, Chen Wang & Tao Wang

  2. School of Astronomy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    JinLin Han, XuYang Gao & Tao Wang

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Correspondence to Tao Hong or JinLin Han.

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Data availability

Original FAST GPPS survey data, including the piggyback spectral line data, will be released one year after observations, according to the FAST data release policy. All processed Hi data as presented in this paper is available on the project web-page: http://zmtt.bao.ac.cn/MilkyWayFAST/.

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11988101, 11933011, and 11833009), the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0402701), the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. QYZDJ-SSW-SLH021), and the National SKA Program of China (Grant No. 2022SKA0120103). Tao Hong was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12003044). LiGang Hou thanks the support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS. XuYang Gao acknowledges the support by the CAS-NWO Cooperation Programme (Grant No. GJHZ1865), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1831103). Chen Wang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12133004). This work has used the data from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), which is a Chinese national mega-science facility, operated by the National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC). The GPPS project is one of five key projects carried out by using the FAST.

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Hong, T., Han, J., Hou, L. et al. Peering into the Milky Way by FAST: I. Exquisite Hi structures in the inner Galactic disk from the piggyback line observations of the FAST GPPS survey. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 65, 129702 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-022-2040-8

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