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A hybrid approach to energy efficient clustering and routing in wireless sensor networks

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A Correction to this article was published on 15 February 2022

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Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks are developed as a vital tool for monitoring diverse real time applications such as environmental monitoring factors, health care, wide area surveillance, and many more. Though the advantages of WSNs are plenty, the present challenge is to gain effective control over the depleting battery power and the network lifetime. Recent researches have proved that the energy consumption can be minimized if effective clustering mechanisms are incorporated. This paper proposes HOCK and HECK - novel energy efficient clustering algorithms to increase the network lifetime for homogeneous and heterogeneous environments, respectively. Both these algorithms are built using Krill herd and Cuckoo search. While the optimal cluster centroid positions are computed using the Krill herd algorithm, and the Cuckoo search is applied to select the optimal cluster heads. The performance of the HOCK algorithm is evaluated by varying base station locations and node density. To evaluate the HECK algorithm, two and three level heterogeneity are considered. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol is more effective in improving the network lifetime of WSNs compared to other existing methods such as GAECH, Hybrid HSAPSO, and ESO-LEACH.

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Abbreviations

WSNs:

Wireless sensor networks

BS:

Base Station

CH :

Cluster head

CM:

Cluster member

PSO:

Particle swarm optimization

HOCK:

Homogeneous Optimized Cuckoo Krill

HECK:

Heterogeneous Optimized Cuckoo Krill

FND:

First node dead

HND:

Half of node dead

10th ND:

10th node dead

LND:

Last node dead

PD :

Pairwise distance

DBC:

Distance based clustering

KH:

Krill herd algorithm

UB:

Upper bound

LB:

Lower bound

J:

Joule

LEACH:

Low Energy Adapative Clustering Hierarchy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India

    Ushus Elizebeth Zachariah & Lakshmanan Kuppusamy

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  1. Ushus Elizebeth Zachariah
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  2. Lakshmanan Kuppusamy
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Correspondence to Ushus Elizebeth Zachariah or Lakshmanan Kuppusamy.

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Zachariah, U.E., Kuppusamy, L. A hybrid approach to energy efficient clustering and routing in wireless sensor networks. Evol. Intel. 15, 593–605 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-020-00535-0

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