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Merging Similar Neurons for Deep Networks Compression

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Abstract

Deep neural networks have achieved outstanding progress in many fields, such as computer vision, speech recognition and natural language processing. However, large deep neural networks often need huge storage space and long training time, making them difficult to apply to resource restricted devices. In this paper, we propose a method for compressing the structure of deep neural networks. Specifically, we apply clustering analysis to find similar neurons in each layer of the original network, and merge them and the corresponding connections. After the compression of the network, the number of parameters in the deep neural network is significantly reduced, and the required storage space and computational time is greatly reduced as well. We test our method on deep belief network (DBN) and two convolutional neural networks. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can greatly reduce the number of parameters of the deep networks, while keeping their classification accuracy. Especially, on the CIFAR-10 dataset, we have compressed VGGNet with compression ratio 92.96%, and the final model after fine-tuning obtains even higher accuracy than the original model.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No. 2016YFC1401004, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant No. 41706010, the Science and Technology Program of Qingdao under Grant No. 17-3-3-20-nsh, the CERNET Innovation Project under Grant No. NGII20170416, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China. The Titan X GPU used for this research was donated by the NVIDIA Corporation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Guoqiang Zhong, Wenxue Liu, Hui Yao, Tao Li, Jinxuan Sun & Xiang Liu

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  1. Guoqiang Zhong
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  2. Wenxue Liu
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  3. Hui Yao
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  4. Tao Li
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  5. Jinxuan Sun
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  6. Xiang Liu
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Correspondence to Guoqiang Zhong.

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Zhong, G., Liu, W., Yao, H. et al. Merging Similar Neurons for Deep Networks Compression. Cogn Comput 12, 577–588 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-019-09703-6

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