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TrammelGraph: visual graph abstraction for comparison

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Abstract

Network data, represented by graph-based structures, are used in a variety of applications such as social networks and disease complication networks. A crucial task in many applications is graph comparison, with the goal of understanding the structural differences between pairs of graphs. However, traditional graph visualization techniques, node-link diagrams, and adjacency matrices are not intrinsically designed for comparison tasks. In this paper, we present TrammelGraph, a novel visual graph abstraction technique for graph comparison. TrammelGraph uses graph embedding and node alignment methods to create a map-based representation that eliminates visual clutter and thus facilities graph comparison. The design results in a planar graph with a regularly-spaced, crossing-free layout that helps users identify high-level topological information for graph comparison tasks. To evaluate the effectiveness of TrammelGraph, we conducted a controlled user study with 20 participants that compares TrammelGraph with node-link diagrams and adjacency matrices on a variety of common graph comparison tasks. We also conducted an expert interview with a physician using the MIMIC dataset. Both the quantitative and qualitative results from the study and interview highlighted the key strengths of TrammelGraph as a tool for visual graph comparison.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China, Shanghai Summit Discipline in Design (Grant No. DA19103), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61802283), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China (Grant No. 20ZR1461500).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. iDVx Lab, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Zhuochen Jin, Nan Chen, Yang Shi & Nan Cao

  2. Alibaba, Peking, Beijing, China

    Weihong Qian

  3. School of Data Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA

    Maoran Xu

Authors
  1. Zhuochen Jin
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  2. Nan Chen
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  3. Yang Shi
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  4. Weihong Qian
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  5. Maoran Xu
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Correspondence to Yang Shi.

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Jin, Z., Chen, N., Shi, Y. et al. TrammelGraph: visual graph abstraction for comparison. J Vis 24, 365–379 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-020-00706-2

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