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  2. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology
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A comparison of energy consumption in bulk forming, subtractive, and additive processes: Review and case study

  • Published: 14 February 2015
  • Volume 1, pages 261–279, (2014)
  • Cite this article
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International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript
A comparison of energy consumption in bulk forming, subtractive, and additive processes: Review and case study
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  • Hae-Sung Yoon1,2,
  • Jang-Yeob Lee1,2,
  • Hyung-Soo Kim1,
  • Min-Soo Kim1,
  • Eun-Seob Kim1,
  • Yong-Jun Shin1,
  • Won-Shik Chu1 &
  • …
  • Sung-Hoon Ahn1,3,4 

  • 8695 Accesses

  • 2 Altmetric

  • Explore all metrics

Abstract

In addition to the steps taken to ensure optimal efficiency in industry, significant effort has been directed towards the green and sustainable manufacturing practices. In this paper, we review conventional and state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies to provide insight into energy consumption at the processing level. In the review, collected energy data were summarized for three manufacturing categories: conventional bulk-forming, subtractive, and additive manufacturing (AM) processes. Additive processes, in particular, are strongly emphasized in the Advanced Manufacturing Initiatives proposed recently by the United States government. Currently, the specific energy consumption (SEC) of additive processes is estimated to be ~100-fold higher than that of conventional bulk-forming processes, with subtractive processes showing intermediate values that varied over a wide range in terms of scale. Although SEC may vary with respect to the details, in general, the research showed a negative correlation with respect to the reciprocal logarithmic form of the productivity. In addition to the literature review presented, we performed case studies for the three manufacturing processes, to provide practical examples of energy consumption. Additionally, our results indicated that AM processes may require more extensive evaluation; i.e., an assessment of the entire manufacturing cycle, for more accurate prediction of the subsequent environmental impact.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea, 151-744

    Hae-Sung Yoon, Jang-Yeob Lee, Hyung-Soo Kim, Min-Soo Kim, Eun-Seob Kim, Yong-Jun Shin, Won-Shik Chu & Sung-Hoon Ahn

  2. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Hae-Sung Yoon & Jang-Yeob Lee

  3. Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea, 151-744

    Sung-Hoon Ahn

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Stevens Way, Box 352600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Sung-Hoon Ahn

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Yoon, HS., Lee, JY., Kim, HS. et al. A comparison of energy consumption in bulk forming, subtractive, and additive processes: Review and case study. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 1, 261–279 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-014-0033-0

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  • Received: 05 May 2014

  • Revised: 23 May 2014

  • Accepted: 26 May 2014

  • Published: 14 February 2015

  • Issue Date: July 2014

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-014-0033-0

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Keywords

  • Electricity consumption
  • Green manufacturing
  • Manufacturing initiatives
  • Manufacturing processes
  • Specific energy consumption (SEC)
  • Sustainability
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