Biologia plantarum 42:249-257, 1999 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1002164719609
Effects of Proline and Glycinebetaine on Vicia Faba Responses to Salt Stress
- 1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Plants of bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Calvor 103) were salt-stressed with NaCl and CaCl2 in concentrations inducing soil osmotic potentials (ψsoil) from 0 to -1.2 MPa and were sprayed with proline (8.7 µM) and glycinebetaine (8.5 µM) solutions. Bean plants respond to increasing soil salinity by decreased leaf relative water content and osmotic potential. Salinity decreased the contents of dry mass, chlorophyll, soluble and hydrolysable sugars, soluble proteins and enhanced content of total free amino acids, Na+, Ca2+ and Cl-. The ratio of K+/Na+ was decreased on salinization. The membranes of leaf discs from salt-stressed plants appeared to be less stable under heat stress (51 °C) than that of unstressed plants. The reverse was true for discs placed under dehydration stress (40 % polyethylene glycol 6000). Proline and glycinebetaine application reduced membrane injury, improved K+ uptake and growth. Also both solutes increased chlorophyll contents.
Keywords: amino acids; bean; chlorophyll; membrane stability; osmotic adjustment; proteins; relative water content; sugars
Subjects: amino acids, salinity; broad bean, salinity; CaCl2 stress, salinity; chlorophyll, salinity; dehydration, polyethylene glycol 6000, salinity; glycinebetaine, salinity; heat stress, salinity; membrane stability, salinity; osmotic adjustment, salt-induced; osmotic potential, salinity; proline metabolism, salinity; relative water content, salinity; salinity, NaCl, CaCl2, proline, glycinebetaine; sugars, salinity; Vicia faba
Published: September 1, 1999 Show citation
References
- Bandurska, H.: In vivo and in vitro effect of proline on nitrate reductase activity under osmotic stress in barley.-Acta Physiol. Plant. 15: 83-88, 1993.
- Botella, M.A., Martinez, V., Pardines, J., Cerda, A.: Salinity induced potassium deficiency in maize plants.-J. Plant Physiol. 150: 200-205, 1997.
Go to original source...
- Buysse, J., Merckx, R.: An improved colorimetric method to quantify sugar content of plant tissue.-J. exp. Bot. 44: 1627-1629, 1993.
Go to original source...
- Delauney, A.J., Verma, D.P.S.: Proline biosynthesis and osmoregulation in plant.-Plant J. 4: 215-223, 1993.
Go to original source...
- Downs, R.J., Hellmers, H.: Environment and Experimental Control of Plant Growth.-Academic Press, London-New York-San Francisco 1975.
- El-Sharkawi, H.M., Abdel-Rahman, A.A.: Response of olive and almond orchards to partial irrigation under dry farming practices in semi-arid region. II. Plant soil water relations in olive during the growing season.-Plant Soil 31: 13-19, 1974.
Go to original source...
- Fukutaku, Y., Yamada, Y.: Source of proline nitrogen in water stressed soybean (Glycine max) II-Fate of 15N-labelled protein.-Physiol. Plant. 61: 622-628, 1984.
Go to original source...
- Gadallah, M.A.A.: Effects of water stress, abscisic acid and proline on cotton plants.-J. arid Environ. 30: 315-325, 1995a.
Go to original source...
- Gadallah, M.A.A.: Effect of waterlogging and kinetic on the stability of leaf membranes, leaf osmotic potential, soluble carbon and nitrogen compounds and chlorophyll content of Ricinus plants.-Phyton 35: 199-208, 1995b.
- Gadallah, M.A.A.: Abscisic acid, temperature and salinity interactions on growth and some mineral elements in Carthamus plants.-Plant Growth Regul. 20: 225-236, 1996.
Go to original source...
- Gadallah, M.A.A., Ramdan, T.C.: Effects of zinc and salinity on growth and anatomical structure of Carthamus tinctorius L.-Biol. Plant. 39: 411-418, 1997.
Go to original source...
- Gorham, J., Bristol, A., Young, E.M., Wyn Jones, R.G., Kashour, G.: Salt tolerance in the Triticeae: K+/Na+ discrimination in barley.-J. exp. Bot. 41: 1095-1011, 1990.
Go to original source...
- Johnson, C.M., Ulrich, A.: Analytical Methods for Use in Plant Analysis.-U.S. Department of Agriculture, California University 1959.
- Jolivet, Y., Larher, F., Hamelin, J.: Osmoregulation in halophytic higher plants: the protective effect of glycinebetaine against the heat destabilization of membranes.-Plant Sci. Lett. 25: 193-201, 1982.
Go to original source...
- Jolivet, Y., Hamelin, J., Larher, F.: Osmoregulation in halophytic higher plants: the protective effect of glycinebetaine and other related solutes against the oxalate destabilization of membranes in beet root cells.-Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 109: 171-180, 1983.
Go to original source...
- Kadpal, R.P., Roa, N.A.: Alterations in the biosynthesis of proteins and nucleic acid in finger millet (Eleucine coracena) seedlings during water stress and the effect of protein biosynthesis.-Plant Sci. 40: 73-79, 1985.
Go to original source...
- Lagerwerff, J.V., Holland, J.P.: Growth and mineral contents of carrots and beans as related to varying osmotic and ionic composition effects in saline and cultures.-Agron. J. 52: 603-608, 1960.
Go to original source...
- Lagerwerff, J.V., Eagle, H.E.: Osmotic and specific effects of excess salts on beans.-Plant Physiol. 36: 472-477, 1961.
Go to original source...
- Laliberte, G., Hellebust, J.A.: Regulation of proline content of Chlorella autotrophica in response to changes in salinity.-Can. J. Bot. 67: 1959-1965, 1989.
Go to original source...
- Lee, Y.P., Takahashi, T.: An improved colorimeteric determination of amino acids with the use of ninhydrine.-Anal. Biochem. 14: 71-77, 1966.
Go to original source...
- Leopold, A.C., Willing, R.P.: Evidence for toxicity effects of salt on membranes.-In: Staples, R.C., Taenniessen, G.J. (ed.): Salinity Tolerance in Plants: Strategies for Crop Improvement. Pp. 67-75. John Wiley and Sons, New York 1984.
- Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. Randall, R.J.: Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent.-J. biol. Chem. 193: 265-275, 1951.
Go to original source...
- Mac Donnell, E., Wyn Jones, R.G.: Glycinebetaine synthesis and accumulation in unstressed and salt-stressed wheat.-J. exp. Bot. 39: 421-430, 1988.
Go to original source...
- Mamedov, M.D., Hayashi, H., Wada, H., Mohanty, P.S. Glycinebetaine enhances and stabilizes the evolution of oxygen and the synthesis of ATP by cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes.-FEBS Lett. 294: 271-274, 1991.
Go to original source...
- Ostle, B.: Statistics in Research.-Iowa State University Press, Ames 1963.
- Papageorgiou, G.C., Fujimura, Y., Murata, N.: Protection of the oxygen-evolving photosystem II complex by glycinebetaine.-Biochim. biophys. Acta 1057: 361-366, 1991.
Go to original source...
- Raghavendra, A.S., Reddy, K.B.: Action of proline on stomata differs from that of abscisic acid, G-substances or methyl jasmonate.-Plant Physiol. 83: 732-734, 1987.
Go to original source...
- Shaddad, M.A.: The effect of proline application on the physiology of Raphanus sativus plants grown under salinity stress.-Biol. Plant. 32: 104-112, 1990.
Go to original source...
- Solomon, A., Beer, S., Waisel, Y., Jones, G.P., Paleg, L.G.: Effects of NaCl on the carboxylating activity of Rubisco from Tamarix jordanis in the presence and absence of proline-related compatible solutes.-Physiol. Plant. 90: 198-204, 1994.
Go to original source...
- Tal, M., Shannon, M.C.: Salt tolerance in the wild relatives of the cultivated tomato: Response of Lycopersicum esculentum, L. cheesmanii, L. peruvianum, Solanum pennellii and F1 hybrids to high salinity.-Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 10: 109-117, 1983.
Go to original source...
- Thomas, J.C., Elwain, E.F., Bohnert, H.J.: Convergent induction of osmotic stress responses.-Plant Physiol. 100: 416-423, 1992.
Go to original source...
- Todd, G.W., Basler, E.: Fate of various protoplasmic constituents in droughted wheat plants.-Phyton 22: 79-85, 1965.
- Weatherley, P.E.: Studies in the water relations of the cotton plants. I-The field measurement of water deficits in leaves.-New Phytol. 49: 81-97, 1950.
Go to original source...
- Weretilnyk, E.A., Bednarek, S., MacCue, K.F., Rhodes, D., Hanson, A.D.: Comparative biochemical and immunological studies of the glycinebetaine synthesis pathway in diverse families of dicotyledons.-Planta 178: 432-352, 1989.
Go to original source...
- Zhao, Y., Aspinall, D., Paleg, L.G.: Protection of membrane integrity in Medicago sativa (L.) by glycinebetaine against the effects of freezing.-J. Plant Physiol. 140: 541-543, 1992.
Go to original source...