Abstract
IT is generally accepted that the matrix of cellular membranes is a bimolecular leaflet of phospholipid molecules in which the phospholipids are oriented so that their polar heads reside on the outer surfaces of the bilayer, in contact with the aqueous environment, the interior of the sandwich being composed of hydrophobic lipid chains1â5. To this basic structure proteins cholesterol, glycolipids and other molecules are usually inserted in such a way as to confer on the bilayer the functional properties appropriate for the particular membrane.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Electrostatic switch mechanisms of membrane protein trafficking and regulation
Biophysical Reviews Open Access 06 December 2023
-
Quantification methods of determining brewerâs and pharmaceutical yeast cell viability: accuracy and impact of nanoparticles
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Open Access 21 April 2023
-
FTY720 induces non-canonical phosphatidylserine externalization and cell death in acute myeloid leukemia
Cell Death & Disease Open Access 07 November 2019
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
We are sorry, but there is no personal subscription option available for your country.
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Gorter, E., and Grendel, F., J. Exp. Med., 41, 439 (1925).
Danielli, J. F., and Davson, H., J. Cell Physiol., 5, 495 (1935).
Robertson, J. D., Cellular Membranes in Development (edit. by Locke, M.), 1 (Academic Press, London and New York, 1964).
Finean, B., Quart. Rev. Biophys., 2, 1 (1969).
Wilkins, M. H. F., Blaurock, A. E., and Engelman, D. M., Nature New Biology, 230, 72 (1971).
Van Deenen, L. L. M., and deGier, J., The Red Blood Cell (edit. by Bishop and Sturgenor), 243 (Academic Press, London and New York, 1964).
Nelson, G. J., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 144, 221 (1967).
Turner, J. C., J. Exp. Med., 105, 189 (1957).
Maddy, A. H., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 88, 390 (1964).
Turner, J. C., Anderson, H. M., and Gandal, C. P., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 30, 130 (1958).
Condrea, E., Mammon, Z., Aloof, S., and de Vries, A., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 84, 365 (1964).
Ibrahim, S. A., and Thomson, R. H. S., Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 99, 331 (1964).
Bangham, A. D., Pethica, B. A., and Seaman, G. V. F., Biochem. J., 69, 12 (1958).
Bretscher, M. S., J. Mol. Biol., 58, 775 (1971).
Bender, W. W., Garan, H., and Berg, H. C., J. Mol. Biol., 58, 783 (1971).
Kornberg, R. D., and McConnell, H. M., Proc. US Nat. Acad. Sci., 68, 2564 (1971).
Kornberg, R. D., and McConnell, H. M., Biochemistry, 10, 1111 (1971).
Bretscher, M. S., J. Mol. Biol., 59, 351 (1971).
Bretscher, M. S., Nature New Biology, 231, 229 (1971).
Cuzin, F., Kretchmer, N., Greenberg, R. E., Hurwitz, R., and Chapeville, F., Proc. US Nat. Acad. Sci., 58, 2079 (1967).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
BRETSCHER, M. Asymmetrical Lipid Bilayer Structure for Biological Membranes. Nature New Biology 236, 11â12 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1038/newbio236011a0
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/newbio236011a0
This article is cited by
-
Electrostatic switch mechanisms of membrane protein trafficking and regulation
Biophysical Reviews (2023)
-
Quantification methods of determining brewerâs and pharmaceutical yeast cell viability: accuracy and impact of nanoparticles
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (2023)
-
Phospholipid Asymmetry in Biological Membranes: Is the Role of Phosphatidylethanolamine Underappreciated?
The Journal of Membrane Biology (2021)
-
Bicontinuous cubic phases in biological and artificial self-assembled systems
Science China Materials (2020)
-
Checkpoint blockade and nanosonosensitizer-augmented noninvasive sonodynamic therapy combination reduces tumour growth and metastases in mice
Nature Communications (2019)