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  • Letter

Analog-antianalog isospin mixing in K47 β decay

Brian Kootte, H. Gallop, C. Luktuke, J. C. McNeil, A. Gorelov, D. G. Melconian, J. Klimo, B. M. Vargas-Calderon, and J. A. Behr
Phys. Rev. C 109, L052501 – Published 24 May 2024

Abstract

We have measured the isospin mixing of the Iπ=1/2+, Ex=2.599 MeV state in nearly doubly magic Ca47 with the isobaric analog 1/2+ state of K47. Using the TRIUMF atom trap for β decay, we have measured a nonzero asymmetry of the progeny Ca47 with respect to the initial K47 spin polarization, which together with the β asymmetry implies a nonzero ratio of Fermi to Gamow-Teller matrix elements y=0.098±0.037 for the 1/2+1/2+ transition. Interpreting y as mixing between this state and the isobaric analog state implies a Coulomb matrix element magnitude 101±37 keV. This relatively large matrix element supports a model from the literature of analog-antianalog isospin mixing, which predicts large matrix elements in cases involving excess neutrons over protons occupying more than one major shell. The result supports pursuing a search for time-reversal odd, parity-even, isovector interactions using a correlation in K47β decay.

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  • Received 4 March 2024
  • Accepted 3 May 2024

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.L052501

©2024 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Nuclear Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Brian Kootte1, H. Gallop1,3, C. Luktuke1,3, J. C. McNeil2,1, A. Gorelov1, D. G. Melconian4,5, J. Klimo4,5, B. M. Vargas-Calderon4,5, and J. A. Behr1,2,*

  • 1TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 2A3, Canada
  • 2University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
  • 3University of Waterloo, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
  • 4Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, 3366 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-3366, USA
  • 5Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, 4242 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA

  • *behr@triumf.ca

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Issue

Vol. 109, Iss. 5 — May 2024

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Images

  • Figure 1
    Figure 1

    Relevant allowed decay of K47, showing β branches >0.04%, log(ft), Iπ, energy [MeV], and isospin T of the isobaric parent P, analog A, and possible antianalog A¯. Thickness of γ transitions >5% indicate intensity.

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  • Figure 2
    Figure 2

    TRINAT during the optical pumping time. Shown are β telescopes, mirrors for optical pumping light and its beams, magnetic-field coils, electric-field electrodes, and microchannel plates for electron and ion detection. A CMOS camera image of 1000 trapped atoms is superimposed. Distance between trap cloud and ion MCP is 9.7 cm.

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  • Figure 3
    Figure 3

    Excited-state population during the optical pumping time for circularly and linearly polarized light. See text for deduction of nuclear polarization.

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  • Figure 4
    Figure 4

    Time-of-Flight (TOF) of Ca47 +2 to +7 ions started by shake-off e, showing the modeled data decomposition. Blue histogram: TOF started by β in the ΔEE telescopes, which have lower statistics but less background from untrapped atoms and accidentals.

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  • Figure 5
    Figure 5

    (Top) Distribution along polarization axis Z of Ca+2,...,747 in coincidence with shake-off e for the two polarizations. (Bottom) The asymmetry of these distributions Arecoil, i.e., the difference divided by the sum of the top distributions. The nonzero asymmetry scales with y and directly implies a nonzero Fermi contribution.

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  • Figure 6
    Figure 6

    Similar to Fig. 5, but for βCa+147 coincidences.

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  • Figure 7
    Figure 7

    Effective Coulomb mixing matrix element HC as a function of log(ft) for isospin-suppressed β decay (Refs. [17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]). Solid squares are AA¯ mixing from Eq. (2) for K47 decay's N=20 shell crossing, Eq. (1) for P26 assuming d5/21s1/2 excess proton occupancy, and the approximate use of Eq. (1) [i.e., Eq. (2) divided by two] for all others [1].

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