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Antiferromagnetically Spin Polarized Oxygen Observed in Magnetoelectric TbMn2O5

T. A. W. Beale, S. B. Wilkins, R. D. Johnson, S. R. Bland, Y. Joly, T. R. Forrest, D. F. McMorrow, F. Yakhou, D. Prabhakaran, A. T. Boothroyd, and P. D. Hatton
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 087203 – Published 18 August 2010
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    Abstract

    We report the direct measurement of antiferromagnetic spin polarization at the oxygen sites in the multiferroic TbMn2O5, through resonant soft x-ray magnetic scattering. This supports recent theoretical models suggesting that the oxygen spin polarization is key to the magnetoelectric coupling mechanism. The spin polarization is observed through a resonantly enhanced diffraction signal at the oxygen K edge at the commensurate antiferromagnetic wave vector. Using the fdmnes code we have accurately reproduced the experimental data. We have established that the resonance arises through the spin polarization on the oxygen sites hybridized with the square based pyramid Mn3+ ions. Furthermore we have discovered that the position of the Mn3+ ion directly influences the oxygen spin polarization.

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    • Received 22 April 2010

    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.087203

    © 2010 The American Physical Society

    Authors & Affiliations

    T. A. W. Beale1, S. B. Wilkins2, R. D. Johnson1, S. R. Bland1, Y. Joly3, T. R. Forrest4, D. F. McMorrow4, F. Yakhou5, D. Prabhakaran6, A. T. Boothroyd6, and P. D. Hatton1

    • 1Department of Physics, University of Durham, Rochester Building, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
    • 2Department of Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973-5000, USA
    • 3Institut Néel, CNRS, and Université Joseph Fourier, B.P. 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
    • 4London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
    • 5European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Boîte Postal 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
    • 6Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom

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    Issue

    Vol. 105, Iss. 8 — 20 August 2010

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    • Figure 1
      Figure 1
      Q scan of intensity in the (2,0,1) direction in reciprocal space at the oxygen K edge at 529.3 eV. The solid blue line is a fit of a Lorentzian line shape with a linear background. The inset represents the Pbam crystal structure of TbMn2O5, highlighting the two different positions of the manganese ions. The grey polyhedra show the octahedra centered on the Mn4+ ions (green), and the square based pyramids around the Mn3+ ions (purple).Reuse & Permissions
    • Figure 2
      Figure 2
      Integrated intensity of Q scans in the (2,0,1) direction through the (0.5,0,0.25) reflection, at energies from 527 eV to 532 eV through the oxygen K edge. (Inset) Fluorescence measurement at the oxygen K absorption edge, with a dotted line indicating the peak of the resonant signal. The solid red lines in both panels display the fdmnes calculations, the dashed blue line in the main panel shows the result from a simulation with zero net spin on the Mn3+ ions.Reuse & Permissions
    • Figure 3
      Figure 3
      Variation of intensity of the diffraction signal at the manganese L3 and oxygen K edges with azimuthal rotation of the sample around the scattering vector, with vertically (π) polarized incident x rays. The dashed lines show simulations of the azimuthal dependence as calculated from the manganese moments determined by Blake et al. [9]. Ψ=0 corresponds to the c axis in the scattering plane, the fitting errors for the azimuth are within the size of the data points. (Inset) Temperature dependence of the (0.5,0,0.25) reflection at the manganese L3 edge (644.1 eV) and oxygen K edge (529.4 eV). The solid line shows a guide to the eye.Reuse & Permissions
    • Figure 4
      Figure 4
      Calculated integrated intensity of the K edge resonance line shape at Q=(0.5,0,0.25) as a function of Mn position on the axis of the MnO5 pyramid (see inset). The solid line is a guide to the eye and the vertical (red) arrow indicates the experimentally determined position [9].Reuse & Permissions
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