Unusual magnetic and transport properties in ${\mathrm{HoMn}}_{6}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{6}$ kagome magnet

Unusual magnetic and transport properties in ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ kagome magnet

Firoza Kabir, Randall Filippone, Gyanendra Dhakal, Y. Lee, Narayan Poudel, Jacob Casey, Anup Pradhan Sakhya, Sabin Regmi, Robert Smith, Pietro Manfrinetti, Liqin Ke, Krzysztof Gofryk, Madhab Neupane, and Arjun K. Pathak

Phys. Rev. Materials 6, 064404 – Published 7 June 2022

Abstract

With intricate lattice structures, kagome materials are an excellent platform to study various fascinating topological quantum states. In particular, kagome materials, revealing large responses to external stimuli such as pressure or magnetic field, are subject to special investigation. Here we study the kagome-net ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ magnet that undergoes paramagnetic to ferrimagnetic transition (below 376 K) and reveals spin-reorientation transition below 200 K. In this compound, we observe the topological Hall effect and substantial contribution of anomalous Hall effect above 100 K. We unveil the pressure effects on magnetic ordering at a low magnetic field from the pressure tunable magnetization measurement. By utilizing high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, Dirac-like dispersion at the high-symmetry point K is revealed in the vicinity of the Fermi level, which is well supported by the first-principles calculations. Our investigation will pave the way to understanding the magnetotransport and electronic properties of various rare-earth-based kagome magnets.

Received 2 November 2021
Accepted 18 May 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.6.064404

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Magnetism Phase transitions Pressure effects

Kagome lattice

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy First-principles calculations

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Firoza Kabir ¹, Randall Filippone², Gyanendra Dhakal ¹, Y. Lee³, Narayan Poudel⁴, Jacob Casey², Anup Pradhan Sakhya¹, Sabin Regmi ¹, Robert Smith ¹, Pietro Manfrinetti^5,6, Liqin Ke³, Krzysztof Gofryk ⁴, Madhab Neupane ^1,*, and Arjun K. Pathak ^2,†

¹Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
²Department of Physics, SUNY Buffalo State, Buffalo, New York 14222, USA
³Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
⁴Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls ID 83402, USA
⁵Department of Chemistry, University of Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
⁶Institute SPIN-CNR, 16152 Genova, Italy

^*Corresponding author: madhab.neupane@ucf.edu
^†Corresponding author: pathakak@buffalostate.edu

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Vol. 6, Iss. 6 — June 2022

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Figure 1
Crystal structure and sample characterization of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ : (a) Crystal structure of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ . (b) Top view of the crystal structure of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ forming the kagome lattice. (c) Three-dimensional (3D) bulk BZ of the crystal with its projection on the [001] surface. High-symmetry points are marked on the plot. (d) Temperature variation of the electrical resistivity of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ in zero external magnetic field. The upper inset to the left shows the resistivity at low temperature and magnetic field, while the lower inset to the right indicates the ferrimagnetic transition at $T_{C} = 373 K$ . (e) Magnetoresistance versus magnetic field measured at $T = 1.8 K$ . (f) Hall resistivity of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ measured at different temperatures along $H ∥ c$ . (g) Magnetic-field dependence of total Hall resistivity together with the three different components, $ρ^{A}, ρ^{N}$ , and $ρ^{T}$ (see text for more details), measured with $H ∥ c$ , and at $T$ = 200 K. (h) Magnetic-field dependence of topological Hall resistivity along $H ∥ c$ (magnified view).
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Figure 2
Magnetic properties of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ single crystals measured along $H ∥ a b$ and $H ∥ c$ (in and out of plane, respectively): Magnetization as a function of temperature, $M (T)$ , measured along (a) $H ∥ a b$ and (b) $H ∥ c$ , respectively, at various magnetic fields. Magnetization as a function of magnetic field, $M (H)$ , measured along $H ∥ a b$ and $H ∥ c$ at (c) $T =$ 2 K and (d) 220 K, respectively. Magnetization at low magnetic field of $M (H)$ for both directions are also shown in the right sides of figures (c) and (d), respectively, for the clarity.
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Figure 3
Pressure-induced magnetization measurements of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ single crystal measured along the $H ∥ c$ . (a) Magnetization as a function of temperature, $M (T)$ , measured at various hydrostatic pressure at $H = 0.1 T$ . The inset indicates the magnified view of $M (T)$ near $T_{C} = 376$ K. (b) Magnetization as a function of magnetic field at various hydrostatic pressure at $T = 2$ K.
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Figure 4
Fermi surface and dispersion maps of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ . (a) Experimentally measured Fermi surface map. (b) Corresponding calculated Fermi surface map. ARPES measured dispersion maps along the (c) K- $Γ$ -K and (d) the K-M-K directions. Second derivative plots along (e) the K- $Γ$ -K and (f) the K-M-K directions.
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Figure 5
Band structures of ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ along the $Γ - K - M$ path near $E_{F}$ calculated without and with SOC. The bands are calculated at $k_{z} = 0.25$ r.l.u. (a) Scalar relativistic bands calculated without SOC. Blue and red lines denote two spin channels. (b, c) SOC bands calculated with the spin-quantization direction along the (b) [001] and (c) [100] directions, respectively.
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Physical Review Materials

Unusual magnetic and transport properties in HoMn6Sn6 kagome magnet

Firoza Kabir, Randall Filippone, Gyanendra Dhakal, Y. Lee, Narayan Poudel, Jacob Casey, Anup Pradhan Sakhya, Sabin Regmi, Robert Smith, Pietro Manfrinetti, Liqin Ke, Krzysztof Gofryk, Madhab Neupane, and Arjun K. Pathak

Phys. Rev. Materials 6, 064404 – Published 7 June 2022

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Unusual magnetic and transport properties in ${HoMn}_{6} {Sn}_{6}$ kagome magnet