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An experimental program with high duty-cycle polarized and unpolarized positron beams at Jefferson Lab

  • Regular Article - Experimental Physics
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Abstract

Positron beams, both polarized and unpolarized, are identified as important ingredients for the experimental programs at the next generation of lepton accelerators. In the context of the hadronic physics program at Jefferson Lab (JLab), positron beams are complementary, even essential, tools for a precise understanding of the electromagnetic structure of nucleons and nuclei, in both the elastic and deep-inelastic regimes. For instance, elastic scattering of polarized and unpolarized electrons and positrons from the nucleon enables a model independent determination of its electromagnetic form factors. Also, the deeply-virtual scattering of polarized and unpolarized electrons and positrons allows unambiguous separation of the different contributions to the cross section of the lepto-production of photons and of lepton-pairs, enabling an accurate determination of the nucleons and nuclei generalized parton distributions, and providing an access to the gravitational form factors of the energy-momentum tensor. Furthermore, positron beams offer the possibility of alternative tests of the Standard Model of particle physics through the search of a dark photon, the precise measurement of electroweak couplings, and the investigation of charged lepton flavor violation. This document discusses the perspectives of an experimental program with high duty-cycle positron beams at JLab.

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Data Availability Statement

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: The discussion presented in this article develops from already existing and published data which are duly referenced.]

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Acknowledgements

This article is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under agreement STRONG - 2020 - No 824093. It is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405, Orsay, France

    M. Caudron, L. Causse, P. Chatagnon, R. Dupré, M. Ehrhart, M. Guidal, S. Habet, A. Hobart, H.-S. Ko, D. Marchand, C. Muñoz Camacho, S. Niccolai, K. Price, V. Sergeyeva, E. Voutier & S. Zhao

  2. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, 23606, USA

    A. Accardi, H. Avakian, M. Battaglieri, V. Burkert, A. Camsonne, L. Cardman, M. Carmignotto, J.-P. Chen, A. Deur, M. Diefenthaler, L. Elouadrhiri, R. Ent, D. Flay, Y. Furletova, D. Gaskell, J. Grames, O. Hansen, D. W. Higinbotham, C. Keppel, V. Kubarovsky, M. McCaughan, W. Melnitchouk, E. Pasyuk, M. Poelker, Y. Roblin, B. Sawatzky, Y. Sharabian, E. S. Smith, A. Somov, M. Spata, S. Stepanyan, R. Suleiman, H. Szumila-Vance, A. S. Tadepalli, M. Tiefenback, M. Ungaro, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. Wood, S. Zhang & C. Zorn

  3. INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146, Genova, Italy

    M. Battaglieri, M. Bondì, A. Celentano, R. De Vita, L. Marsicano & E. Santopinto

  4. The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA

    A. Afanasev, W. J. Briscoe, G. N. Grauvogel, T. Kutz, A. Schmidt & I. Strakovsky

  5. Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA

    P. M. King, J. Murphy & J. Roche

  6. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, 60510, USA

    G. Krnjaic

  7. Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, 77710, USA

    P. L. Cole

  8. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    J. Arrington

  9. University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    E. Kinney

  10. Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25121, Brescia, Italy

    A. Bianconi, G. Costantini, M. Leali, S. Migliorati & L. Venturelli

  11. Canisius College, Buffalo, NY, 14208, USA

    M. H. Wood

  12. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    D. Hasell, T. Kutz & R. Milner

  13. INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy

    V. Bellini, M. De Napoli, A. Italiano & N. Randazzo

  14. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA

    X. Bai, D. Day, I. P. Fernando, K. Gnanvo, D. Keller, B. T. Kriesten, N. Liyanage, S. Liuti, D. Perera, O. Rondon-Aramayo, J. Zhang & X. Zheng

  15. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    G. Krnjaic

  16. Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100, Como, Italy

    V. Mascagna

  17. The University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, USA

    S. Mantry

  18. Energy Systems, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    M. Khandaker

  19. Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    H. Gao, V. Khachatryan, B. Karky, Z. W. Zhao & J. Zhou

  20. Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    V. Khachatryan & J. Zhou

  21. University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA

    M. Boer & R. Paremuzyan

  22. Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    P. Gueye

  23. INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy

    L. Barion, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, P. Lenisa, A. Movsisyan & L. Pappalardo

  24. Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy

    G. Ciullo, P. Lenisa & L. Pappalardo

  25. INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044, Frascati, Italy

    L. Darmé, V. Kozhuharov & E. Nardi

  26. Università degli Studi di Genova, 16146, Genova, Italy

    P. Bisio, L. Marsicano & M. Spreafico

  27. Universität Gießen, 35390, Gießen, Germany

    K.-T. Brinkmann, S. Diehl, R. Novotny & H.-G. Zaunick

  28. IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    V. Bertone, M. Defurne, N. D’Hose, H. Dutrieux, H. Moutarde & F. Sabatié

  29. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK

    J. R. M. Annand, D. J. Hamilton, B. McKinnon & D. Sokhan

  30. North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA

    A. Gasparian & T. J. Hague

  31. Hampton University, Hampton, VA, 23668, USA

    A. Accardi, T. Cao, B. Dongwi, T. Gautam, M. Kohl, J. Nazeer, T. Patel, M. Rathnayake & M. Suresh

  32. James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA

    G. Niculescu

  33. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA

    M. Yurov

  34. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    M. Mihovilovič & S. Širca

  35. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, 07070, Konyaalti/Antalya, Turkey

    I. Albayrak

  36. PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55099, Mainz, Germany

    J. Erler & M. Vanderhaeghen

  37. PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence, Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, 55099, Mainz, Germany

    Q. Liu & H. Spiesberger

  38. Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA

    P. Markowitz & B. Raue

  39. Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, 220040, Minsk, Belarus

    A. Ilyichev

  40. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, MS, 39762, USA

    C. Ayerbe Gayoso, T. Chetry, D. Dutta & L. El Fassi

  41. Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia

    M. Mazouz

  42. Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA

    M. Amaryan, M. Hattawy, C. E. Hyde, M. Kerver & M. N. H. Rashad

  43. Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    B. Pasquini

  44. INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    A. Bianconi, G. Costantini, M. Leali, V. Mascagna, S. Migliorati, B. Pasquini & L. Venturelli

  45. University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA

    M. Shabestari

  46. INFN, Sezione di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy

    S. Fucini, M. Rinaldi & S. Scopetta

  47. Università degli studi di Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy

    S. Fucini, M. Rinaldi & S. Scopetta

  48. Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122-180, USA

    H. Atac, A. Metz & N. Sparveris

  49. Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209, USA

    T. Forest & D. McNulty

  50. INFN, Sezione di Roma, 00185, Rome, Italy

    M. Raggi, G. Salmè & P. Valente

  51. INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    A. D’Angelo, L. Lanza & A. Rizzo

  52. Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Rome, Italy

    M. Raggi

  53. Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    A. D’Angelo, L. Lanza & A. Rizzo

  54. University of Sofia, Faculty of Physics, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria

    V. Kozhuharov

  55. Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    J. C. Bernauer & E. Cline

  56. Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    P. Nadel-Turoński

  57. University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269-3046, USA

    R. Capobianco, S. Diehl, E. Fuchey, F.-X. Girod, K. Joo, A. Kim, V. Klimenko, A. J. R. Puckett, R. Santos Estrada, P. Schweitzer & P. Stoler

  58. Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA

    W. Xiong

  59. Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA

    J. F. Owens

  60. INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy

    A. Filippi

  61. RIKEN BNL Research Center, Upton, NY, 11973, USA

    J. C. Bernauer

  62. National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), 02-093, Warsaw, Poland

    P. Sznajder

  63. The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA

    S. F. Ali, V. V. Berdnikov, T. Horn, G. Kalicy, M. Muhoza, I. Pegg & R. Trotta

  64. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada

    P. Blunden & J. Mammei

  65. A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory, Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, 375036, Armenia

    A. Asaturyan, A. Mkrtchyan, H. Mkrtchyan, A. Shahinyan, V. Tadevosyan, H. Voskanyan & S. Zhamkochyan

  66. CSSM, Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

    A. W. Thomas

  67. Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China

    Z. Ye

  68. Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, 06824, USA

    A. Biselli

  69. Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    H. Ibrahim

  70. New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA

    M. Paolone

  71. Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA

    S. J. Joosten, J. Kim, Z.-E. Meziani, C. Peng, P. E. Reimer & J. Xie

  72. Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA

    F. Benmokhtar

  73. Virginia Union University, Richmond, VA, 23220, USA

    N. Kalantarians

  74. Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, 71272, USA

    R. Beminiwattha

  75. The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, 23185, USA

    T. Averett

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Correspondence to E. Voutier.

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Communicated by Nicolas Alamanos

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Accardi, A., Afanasev, A., Albayrak, I. et al. An experimental program with high duty-cycle polarized and unpolarized positron beams at Jefferson Lab. Eur. Phys. J. A 57, 261 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00564-y

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