Article

Mio: fast multipass partitioning via priority-based instruction scheduling

Authors:

Aaron E. Lefohn,

John D. OwensAuthors Info & Claims

HWWS '04: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS conference on Graphics hardware

Pages 35 - 44

https://doi.org/10.1145/1058129.1058135

Published: 29 August 2004 Publication History

Abstract

Real-time graphics hardware continues to offer improved resources for programmable vertex and fragment shaders. However, shader programmers continue to write shaders that require more resources than are available in the hardware. One way to virtualize the resources necessary to run complex shaders is to partition the shaders into multiple rendering passes. This problem, called the "Multi-Pass Partitioning Problem" (MPP), and a solution for the problem, Recursive Dominator Split (RDS), have been presented by Eric Chan et al. The O(n³) RDS algorithm and its heuristic-based O(n²) cousin, RDS_h, are robust in that they can efficiently partition shaders for many architectures with varying resources. However, RDS's high runtime cost and inability to handle multiple outputs per pass make it less desirable for real-time use on today's latest graphics hardware. This paper redefines the MPP as a scheduling problem and uses scheduling algorithms that allow incremental resource estimation and pass computation in O(n log n) time. Our scheduling algorithm, Mio, is experimentally compared to RDS and shown to have better run-time scaling and produce comparable partitions for emerging hardware architectures.

References

[1]

{AJU77} Aho A. V., Johnson S. C., Ullman J. D.: Code generation for expressions with common subexpressions. Journal of the ACM 24, 1 (1977), 146--160.

Digital Library

[2]

{Bar97} Barzel R.: Lighting controls for computer cinematography. Journal of Graphics Tools 2, 1 (1997), 1--20. http://www.renderman. org/RMR/Shaders/BMRTShaders/uberlight.sl.

Digital Library

[3]

{BP03} Bleiweiss A., Preetham A.: Ashli---Advanced shading language interface. ACM Siggraph Course Notes (2003). http://www.ati.com/developer/SIGGRAPH03/AshliNotes.pdf.

[4]

{BR91} Bernstein D., Rodeh M.: Global instruction scheduling for superscalar machines. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (1991), pp. 241--255.

Digital Library

[5]

{Buc04} Buck I.: GPGPU: General-purpose computation on graphics hardware---GPU computation strategies & tricks. ACM Siggraph Course Notes (Aug. 2004).

Digital Library

[6]

{CNS*02} Chan E., Ng R., Sen P., Proudfoot K., Hanrahan P.: Efficient partitioning of fragment shaders for multipass rendering on programmable graphics hardware. In Graphics Hardware 2002 (Sept. 2002), pp. 69--78.

Digital Library

[7]

{Coo84} Cook R. L.: Shade trees. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 84) (July 1984), vol. 18, pp. 223--231.

Digital Library

[8]

{CSS98} Cooper K. D., Schielke P. J., Subramanian D.: An Experimental Evaluation of List Scheduling. Tech. Rep. 98-326, Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Sept. 1998.

[9]

{FHH04} Foley T., Houston M., Hanrahan P.: Efficient partitioning of fragment shaders for multiple-output hardware. In Graphics Hardware 2004 (Aug. 2004).

Digital Library

[10]

{GT83} Gabow H. N., Tarjan R. E.: A linear-time algorithm for a special case of disjoint set union. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (1983), pp. 246--251.

Digital Library

[11]

{HL90} Hanrahan P., Lawson J.: A language for shading and lighting calculations. In Computer Graphics (Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 90) (Aug. 1990), vol. 24, pp. 289--298.

Digital Library

[12]

{IKN03} Inagaki T., Komatsu H., Nakatani T.: Integrated prepass scheduling for a Java just-in-time compiler on the IA-64 architecture. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization (2003), pp. 159--168.

Digital Library

[13]

{JM98} Jain A. S., Meeran S.: A State-of-the-Art Review of Job-Shop Scheduling Techniques. Tech. rep., Department of Applied Physics, Electronics and Mechanical Engineering, University of Dundee, Scotland, 1998.

[14]

{KBR03} Kessenich J., Baldwin D., Rost R.: The OpenGL Shading Language version 1.051. http://www.opengl.org/documentation/oglsl.html, Feb. 2003.

[15]

{LDSM80} Landskov D., Davidson S., Shriver B., Mallett P. W.: Local microcode compaction techniques. ACM Computing Surveys 12, 3 (1980), 261--294.

Digital Library

[16]

{McC01} McCool M.: SMASH: A Next-Generation API for Programmable Graphics Accelerators. Tech. Rep. CS-2000-14, Department of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 20 April 2001. API Version 0.2.

[17]

{MGAK03} Mark W. R., Glanville R. S., Akeley K., Kilgard M. J.: Cg: A system for programming graphics hardware in a C-like language. ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2003) 22, 3 (July 2003), 896--907.

Digital Library

[18]

{PMTH01} Proudfoot K., Mark W. R., Tzvetkov S., Hanrahan P.: A real-time procedural shading system for programmable graphics hardware. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2001 (Aug. 2001), Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pp. 159--170.

Digital Library

[19]

{POAU00} Peercy M. S., Olano M., Airey J., Ungar P. J.: Interactive multi-pass programmable shading. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2000 (July 2000), Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, pp. 425--432.

Digital Library

[20]

{SGI04} SGI: OpenGL Shader, 2004. http://www.sgi.com/software/shader/.

[21]

{SU70} Sethi R., Ullman J. D.: The generation of optimal code for arithmetic expressions. Journal of the ACM 17, 4 (Oct. 1970), 715--728.

Digital Library

[22]

{Ups90} Upstill S.: The Renderman Companion. Addison-Wesley, 1990.

Cited By

Crawford LO'Boyle M(2019)Specialization Opportunities in Graphical Workloads2019 28th International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT)10.1109/PACT.2019.00029(272-283)Online publication date: Sep-2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/PACT.2019.00029
Sons KKlein FSutter JSlusallek P(2014)shade.jsComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1247333:7(51-60)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1111/cgf.12473
Frank SKaufman A(2009)Out‐of‐Core and Dynamic Programming for Data Distribution on a Volume Visualization ClusterComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01307.x28:1(141-153)Online publication date: 23-Feb-2009
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01307.x
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Mio: fast multipass partitioning via priority-based instruction scheduling

Recommendations

Pipeline rendering: interaction and realism through hardware-based multi-pass rendering
Interactive Approximate Rendering of Reflections, Refractions, and Caustics

Reflections, refractions, and caustics are very important for rendering global illumination images. Although many methods can be applied to generate these effects, the rendering performance is not satisfactory for interactive applications. In this paper,...
Splatting indirect illumination
I3D '06: Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games

In this paper we present a novel method for plausible real-time rendering of indirect illumination effects for diffuse and non-diffuse surfaces. The scene geometry causing indirect illumination is captured by an extended shadow map, as proposed in ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

HWWS '04: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS conference on Graphics hardware

August 2004

142 pages

ISBN:3905673150

DOI:10.1145/1058129

Conference Chairs:
Michael Doggett
ATI, USA
,
Anselmo Lastra
University of North Carolina, USA
,
Program Chairs:
Mark Harris
NVIDIA, USA
,
David Luebke
University of Virginia, USA

Copyright © 2004 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques
EUROGRAPHICS: The European Association for Computer Graphics

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 29 August 2004

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

GH04

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH
EUROGRAPHICS

GH04: Graphics Hardware 2004

August 29 - 30, 2004

Grenoble, France

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 37 of 94 submissions, 39%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

14
Total Citations
View Citations
368
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)2
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 21 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Crawford LO'Boyle M(2019)Specialization Opportunities in Graphical Workloads2019 28th International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT)10.1109/PACT.2019.00029(272-283)Online publication date: Sep-2019
https://doi.org/10.1109/PACT.2019.00029
Sons KKlein FSutter JSlusallek P(2014)shade.jsComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1247333:7(51-60)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1111/cgf.12473
Frank SKaufman A(2009)Out‐of‐Core and Dynamic Programming for Data Distribution on a Volume Visualization ClusterComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01307.x28:1(141-153)Online publication date: 23-Feb-2009
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01307.x
Lashari GLhoták OMcCool M(2008)Control flow emulation on tiled SIMD architecturesProceedings of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software 17th international conference on Compiler construction10.5555/1788374.1788384(100-115)Online publication date: 29-Mar-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1788374.1788384
Lashari GLhoták OMcCool M(2008)Control Flow Emulation on Tiled SIMD ArchitecturesCompiler Construction10.1007/978-3-540-78791-4_7(100-115)Online publication date: 2008
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78791-4_7
McCormick PInman JAhrens JMohd-Yusof JRoth GCummins S(2007)ScoutParallel Computing10.1016/j.parco.2007.09.00133:10-11(648-662)Online publication date: 1-Nov-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.parco.2007.09.001
Moerschell AOwens JDoggett MWimmer M(2006)Distributed texture memory in a multi-GPU environmentProceedings of the 21st ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS symposium on Graphics hardware10.1145/1283900.1283905(31-38)Online publication date: 3-Sep-2006
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1283900.1283905
Blythe DFinnegan JDorsey J(2006)The Direct3D 10 systemACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers10.1145/1179352.1141947(724-734)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2006
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1179352.1141947
Blythe D(2006)The Direct3D 10 systemACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/1141911.114194725:3(724-734)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2006
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1141911.1141947
Lucas PFritz NWilhelm R(2006)The CGiS compiler—a tool demonstrationProceedings of the 15th international conference on Compiler Construction10.1007/11688839_10(105-108)Online publication date: 30-Mar-2006
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/11688839_10
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents