research-article

Parallel many-core avionics systems

Authors:

Eduardo Quiñones,

Pavel G. Zaykov,

Carles Hernandez,

Francisco J. CazorlaAuthors Info & Claims

EMSOFT '14: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Embedded Software

Article No.: 26, Pages 1 - 10

https://doi.org/10.1145/2656045.2656063

Published: 12 October 2014 Publication History

Abstract

Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) enables incremental qualification by encapsulating avionics applications into software partitions (SWPs), as defined by the ARINC 653 standard. SWPs, when running on top of single-core processors, provide robust time partitioning as a means to isolate SWPs timing behavior from each other. However, when moving towards parallel execution in many-core processors, the simultaneous accesses to shared hardware and software resources influence the timing behavior of SWPs, defying the purpose of time partitioning to provide isolation among applications. In this paper, we extend the concept of SWP by introducing parallel software partitions (pSWP) specification that describes the behavior of SWPs required when running in a many-core to enable incremental qualification. pSWP are supported by a new hardware feature called guaranteed resource partition (GRP) that defines an execution environment in which SWPs run and that controls interferences in the accesses to shared hardware resources among SWPs such that time composability can be guaranteed.

References

[1]

Kalray MPPA 256 Many-Core Processor, http://www.kalray.eu/products/mppa-manycore,.

[2]

NanoC: http://www.nanoc-project.eu.

[3]

Precision Timed (PRET) Machines. http://chess.eecs.berkeley.edu/pret.

[4]

ARINC Specification 653: Avionics Application Software Standard Standard Interface, Part 1 and 4, 2012.

[5]

Soclib, http://www.soclib.fr/trac/dev, 2012.

[6]

B. Akesson, et. al. Predator: a predictable sdram memory controller. In CODES+ISSS, 2007.

Digital Library

[7]

W. Dally and B. Towles. Principles and Practices of Interconnection Networks. Elsevier, May 2004.

Digital Library

[8]

R. Fuchsen. How to address certification for multi-core based IMA platforms: Current status and potential solutions. In DACS, 2010.

[9]

M. Gerdes, et. al. The split-phase synchronisation technique: Reducing the pessimism in the WCET analysis of parallelised hard real-time programs. In RTCSA, 2012.

Digital Library

[10]

M. Gerdes, et. al. Time analysable synchronisation techniques for parallelised hard real-time applications. In DATE, 2012.

Digital Library

[11]

K. Goossens, et. al. Virtual execution platforms for mixed-time-criticality systems: The compsoc architecture and design flow. SIGBED Rev., 10(3):23--34, October 2013.

Digital Library

[12]

B. Jacob, et. al. Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., 2007.

Digital Library

[13]

J. Jalle, et. al. Deconstructing bus access control policies for real-time multicores. In SIES, 2013.

[14]

T. Kelter, et. al. Static analysis of multi-core tdma resource arbitration delays. Real-Time Systems, 2013.

Digital Library

[15]

H. Kopetz and G. Bauer. The time-triggered architecture. Proc. of the IEEE, 91(1):112--126, 2003.

[16]

Yan Li, et. al. Timing analysis of concurrent programs running on shared cache multi-cores. In RTSS, 2009.

Digital Library

[17]

MERASA. EU-FP7 Project: www.merasa.org.

[18]

Jan Nowotsch and Michael Paulitsch. Leveraging multi-core computing architectures in avionics. In EDCC, 2012.

Digital Library

[19]

H. Ozaktas, et. al. Automatic wcet analysis of real-time parallel applications. In WCET workshop, 2013.

[20]

M. Panic, et. al. Parallel many-core avionics systems. Technical Report UPC-DAC-RR-CAP-2014-6, UPC, 2014.

[21]

M. Paolieri, et. al. Hardware support for wcet analysis of hard real-time multicore systems. In ISCA, 2009.

Digital Library

[22]

M. Paolieri, et. al. Timing effects of the memory system in real-time multicore integrated architectures: Problems and solutions. In TECS, 2012.

[23]

P. Radojkovic, et. al. On the evaluation of the impact of shared resources in multithreaded cots processors in time-critical environments. In HiPEAC, 2012.

Digital Library

[24]

D. Rahmati, et. al. Computing accurate performance bounds for best effort networks-on-chip. IEEE Trans. on Computers, 62(3), 2013.

Digital Library

[25]

J. Rattner. Single-chip cloud computer: An experimental many-core processor from Intel Labs.

[26]

A. Roca, et. al. Enabling high-performance crossbars through a floorplan-aware design. In ICPP, 2012.

Digital Library

[27]

C. Rochange, et. al. WCET analysis of a parallel 3D multigrid solver executed on the MERASA multi-core. In WCET workshop, 2010.

[28]

S. Schliecker, et. al. Bounding the shared resource load for the performance analysis of multiprocessor systems. In DATE, 2010.

Digital Library

[29]

A. Schranzhofer, et. al. Timing analysis for TDMA arbitration in resource sharing systems. In RTAS, 2010.

Digital Library

[30]

A. Schranzhofer, et. al. Timing analysis for resource access interference on adaptive resource arbiters. In RTAS, 2011.

Digital Library

[31]

Zheng Shi, et. al. Schedulability analysis for real time on-chip communication with wormhole switching. In IJERTCS, volume 1, 2010.

Digital Library

[32]

J. Sparsoe. Design of networks-on-chip for real-time multi-processor systems-on-chip. In ACSD, 2012.

Digital Library

[33]

Y. Tamir and G. L. Frazier. High-performance multiqueue buffers for VLSI communication switches. In ISCA, 1988.

Digital Library

[34]

Tilera Corporation. Tile Processor, User Architecture Manual, release 2.4, DOC.NO. UG101, 2011.

[35]

R. Wilhelm, et. al. Memory hierarchies, pipelines, and buses for future architectures in time-critical embedded systems. Trans. Comp.-Aided Des. Integ. Cir. Sys., 28(7), 2009.

Digital Library

Cited By

Vargas VRamos PMéhaut JVelazco R(2019)Improving Reliability of Multi-/Many-Core Processors by Using NMR-MPar ApproachRadiation Effects on Integrated Circuits and Systems for Space Applications10.1007/978-3-030-04660-6_8(175-203)Online publication date: 11-Apr-2019
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04660-6_8
Vargas VRamos PVelazco R(2018)Evaluation by Neutron Radiation of the NMR-MPar Fault-Tolerance Approach Applied to Applications Running on a 28-nm Many-Core ProcessorElectronics10.3390/electronics71103127:11(312)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2018
https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics7110312
Vargas VRamos PMéhaut JVelazco R(2018)NMR-MPar: A Fault-Tolerance Approach for Multi-Core and Many-Core ProcessorsApplied Sciences10.3390/app80304658:3(465)Online publication date: 17-Mar-2018
https://doi.org/10.3390/app8030465
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Parallel many-core avionics systems

Recommendations

Vectorizing Unstructured Mesh Computations for Many-core Architectures
PMAM'14: Proceedings of Programming Models and Applications on Multicores and Manycores

Achieving optimal performance on the latest multi-core and many-core architectures depends more and more on making efficient use of the hardware's vector processing capabilities. While auto-vectorizing compilers do not require the use of vector ...
Vectorizing Unstructured Mesh Computations for Many-core Architectures
PMAM'14: Proceedings of Programming Models and Applications on Multicores and Manycores

Achieving optimal performance on the latest multi-core and many-core architectures depends more and more on making efficient use of the hardware's vector processing capabilities. While auto-vectorizing compilers do not require the use of vector ...
GPU Acceleration for Simulating Massively Parallel Many-Core Platforms
Emerging massively parallel architectures such as a general-purpose processor plus many-core programmable accelerators are creating an increasing demand for novel methods to perform their architectural simulation. Most state-of-the-art simulation ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

EMSOFT '14: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Embedded Software

October 2014

301 pages

ISBN:9781450330527

DOI:10.1145/2656045

Program Chairs:
Tulika Mitra
National University of Singapore, Singapore
,
Jan Reineke
Saarland University, Germany

Copyright © 2014 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGBED: ACM Special Interest Group on Embedded Systems
SIGDA: ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automation
IEEE CAS
IEEE Council on Electronic Design Automation (CEDA)
SIGMICRO: ACM Special Interest Group on Microarchitectural Research and Processing

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 12 October 2014

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Qualifiers

Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

ESWEEK'14

Sponsor:

ESWEEK'14: TENTH EMBEDDED SYSTEM WEEK

October 12 - 17, 2014

New Delhi, India

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 60 of 203 submissions, 30%

Upcoming Conference

ESWEEK '24

Sponsor:
sigbed
sigbed
sigbed

Twentieth Embedded Systems Week

September 29 - October 4, 2024

Raleigh , NC , USA

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

7
Total Citations
View Citations
257
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)4
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 21 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Vargas VRamos PMéhaut JVelazco R(2019)Improving Reliability of Multi-/Many-Core Processors by Using NMR-MPar ApproachRadiation Effects on Integrated Circuits and Systems for Space Applications10.1007/978-3-030-04660-6_8(175-203)Online publication date: 11-Apr-2019
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04660-6_8
Vargas VRamos PVelazco R(2018)Evaluation by Neutron Radiation of the NMR-MPar Fault-Tolerance Approach Applied to Applications Running on a 28-nm Many-Core ProcessorElectronics10.3390/electronics71103127:11(312)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2018
https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics7110312
Vargas VRamos PMéhaut JVelazco R(2018)NMR-MPar: A Fault-Tolerance Approach for Multi-Core and Many-Core ProcessorsApplied Sciences10.3390/app80304658:3(465)Online publication date: 17-Mar-2018
https://doi.org/10.3390/app8030465
Cardona JHernandez CAbella JCazorla F(2018)EOmesh: Combined Flow Balancing and Deterministic Routing for Reduced WCET Estimates in Embedded Real-Time SystemsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2018.285729837:11(2451-2461)Online publication date: Nov-2018
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2018.2857298
Panić MHernandez CAbella JRoca AQuiñones ECazorla FFanucci LTeich J(2016)Improving performance guarantees in wormhole mesh NoC designsProceedings of the 2016 Conference on Design, Automation & Test in Europe10.5555/2971808.2972154(1485-1488)Online publication date: 14-Mar-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2971808.2972154
Ungerer TBradatsch CFrieb MKluge FMische JStegmeier AJahr RGerdes MZaykov PMatusova LLi ZPetrov ZBöddeker BKehr SRegler HHugl ARochange COzaktas HCassé HBonenfant ASainrat PLay NGeorge DBroster IQuiñones EPanic MAbella JHernandez CCazorla FUhrig SRohde MPyka A(2016)Parallelizing Industrial Hard Real-Time Applications for the parMERASA MulticoreACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/291058915:3(1-27)Online publication date: 23-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2910589
Fernandez GAbella JQuiñones EFossati LZulianello MVardanega TCazorla F(2015)Seeking Time-Composable Partitions of Tasks for COTS Multicore ProcessorsProceedings of the 2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing10.1109/ISORC.2015.43(208-217)Online publication date: 13-Apr-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/ISORC.2015.43

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents