research-article

Vibrotactile Funneling Illusion and Localization Performance on the Head

Authors:

Oliver Beren Kaul,

Benjamin Simon,

Kerem Can Demir,

Kamillo FerryAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Pages 1 - 13

https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376335

Published: 23 April 2020 Publication History

Abstract

The vibrotactile funneling illusion is the sensation of a single (non-existing) stimulus somewhere in-between the actual stimulus locations. Its occurrence depends upon body location, distance between the actuators, signal synchronization, and intensity. Related work has shown that the funneling illusion may occur on the forehead. We were able to reproduce these findings and explored five further regions to get a more complete picture of the occurrence of the funneling illusion on the head. The results of our study (24 participants) show that the actuator distance, for which the funneling illusion occurs, strongly depends upon the head region. Moreover, we evaluated the centralizing bias (smaller perceived than actual actuator distances) for different head regions, which also showed widely varying characteristics. We computed a detailed heat map of vibrotactile localization accuracies on the head. The results inform the design of future tactile head-mounted displays that aim to support the funneling illusion.

Supplementary Material

MP4 File (paper208vf.mp4)

Supplemental video

Download
61.95 MB

MP4 File (paper208pv.mp4)

Preview video

Download
13.49 MB

MP4 File (a208-kaul-presentation.mp4)

Download
85.17 MB

References

[1]

David S. Alles. 1970. Information Transmission by Phantom Sensations. IEEE Transactions on Man-Machine Systems 11, 1 (1970), 85--91.

[2]

Anonymous. 2019. Pigpio library. (2019). http://abyz.me.uk/rpi/pigpio/

[3]

Ahmad Barghout, Jongeun Cha, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Julius Kammerl, and Eckehard Steinbach. 2009. Spatial resolution of vibrotactile perception on the human forearm when exploiting funneling illusion. In 2009 IEEE International Workshop on Haptic Audio visual Environments and Games. IEEE, 19--23.

[4]

Christopher C. Berger and Mar Gonzalez-Franco. 2018. Expanding the sense of touch outside the body. Proceedings - SAP 2018: ACM Symposium on Applied Perception (2018).

Digital Library

[5]

Matthias Berning, Florian Braun, Till Riedel, and Michael Beigl. 2015. ProximityHat. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers - ISWC '15. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 31--38.

Digital Library

[6]

Alvaro Cassinelli, Carson Reynolds, and Masatoshi Ishikawa. 2007. Augmenting spatial awareness with haptic radar. Proceedings - International Symposium on Wearable Computers, ISWC (2007), 61--64.

[7]

Jongeun Cha, Lara Rahal, and Abdulmotaleb El Saddik. 2008. A pilot study on simulating continuous sensation with two vibrating motors. In 2008 IEEE International Workshop on Haptic Audio visual Environments and Games. IEEE, 143--147.

[8]

Victor Adriel de Jesus Oliveira, Luca Brayda, Luciana Nedel, and Anderson Maciel. 2017. Designing a Vibrotactile Head-Mounted Display for Spatial Awareness in 3D Spaces. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 23, 4 (apr 2017), 1409--1417.

Digital Library

[9]

Victor Adriel De Jesus Oliveira, Luciana Nedel, Anderson Maciel, and Luca Brayda. 2016. Spatial discrimination of vibrotactile stimuli around the head. In IEEE Haptics Symposium, HAPTICS.

[10]

Vincent Diener, Michael Beigl, Matthias Budde, and Erik Pescara. 2017. VibrationCap. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers - ISWC '17. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 82--89.

Digital Library

[11]

Michal Karol Dobrzynski, Seifeddine Mejri, Steffen Wischmann, and Dario Floreano. 2012. Quantifying Information Transfer Through a Head-Attached Vibrotactile Display: Principles for Design and Control. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 59, 7 (jul 2012), 2011--2018.

[12]

Frank A. Geldard. 1957. Adventures in tactile literacy. American Psychologist 12, 3 (1957), 115--124.

[13]

Kirby Gilliland and Robert E. Schlegel. 1994. Tactile Stimulation of the Human Head for Information Display. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 36, 4 (1994), 700--717.

[14]

Ali Israr and Ivan Poupyrev. 2011a. Control space of apparent haptic motion. 2011 IEEE World Haptics Conference, WHC 2011 (2011), 457--462.

[15]

Ali Israr and Ivan Poupyrev. 2011b. Tactile brush. In Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '11. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 2019.

Digital Library

[16]

Jeonggoo Kang, Kwangsu Cho, Heewon Kim, Semyung Wang, Jongsuh Lee, and Jeha Ryu. 2012. Smooth Vibrotactile Flow Generation Using Two Piezoelectric Actuators. IEEE Transactions on Haptics 5, 1 (2012), 21--32.

Digital Library

[17]

Lynette A. Jones and Nadine B. Sarter. 2008. Tactile Displays: Guidance for Their Design and Application. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50, 1 (feb 2008), 90--111.

[18]

Jeonggoo Kang, Junghwan Kook, Kwangsu Cho, Semyung Wang, and Jeha Ryu. 2012. Effects of amplitude modulation on vibrotactile fow displays on piezo-actuated thin touch screen. International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 10, 3 (2012), 582--588.

[19]

Oliver Beren Kaul, Leonard Hansing, and Michael Rohs. 2019. 3DTactileDraw. In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '19. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1--6.

Digital Library

[20]

Oliver Beren Kaul, Kevin Meier, and Michael Rohs. 2017. Increasing Presence in Virtual Reality with a Vibrotactile Grid Around the Head. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 289--298.

[21]

Oliver Beren Kaul, Max Pfeiffer, and Michael Rohs. 2016. Follow the Force. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '16. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 2526--2532.

Digital Library

[22]

Oliver Beren Kaul and Michael Rohs. 2017. HapticHead: A Spherical Vibrotactile Grid around the Head for 3D Guidance in Virtual and Augmented Reality. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 3729--3740.

Digital Library

[23]

Hamideh Kerdegari, Yeongmi Kim, and Tony J. Prescott. 2016. Head-Mounted Sensory Augmentation Device: Comparing Haptic and Audio Modality. Springer International Publishing, 107--118.

[24]

Hamideh Kerdegari, Yeongmi Kim, Tom Stafford, and Tony J. Prescott. 2014. Centralizing bias and the vibrotactile funneling illusion on the forehead. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artifcial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Vol. 8619. Springer Verlag, 55--62.

[25]

M Kim, A Abdulali, and S Jeon. 2018. Rendering Vibrotactile Flow on Backside of the Head: Initial Study. In 2018 IEEE Games, Entertainment, Media Conference (GEM). 1--250.

[26]

Sang Youn Kim and Jeong Cheol Kim. 2012. Vibrotactile rendering for a traveling vibrotactile wave based on a haptic processor. IEEE Transactions on Haptics 5, 1 (2012), 14--20.

Digital Library

[27]

Sang Youn Kim, Jae Oh Kim, and Kyu Yong Kim. 2009. Traveling vibrotactile wave - A new vibrotactile rendering method for mobile devices. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 55, 3 (2009), 1032--1038.

Digital Library

[28]

Youngsun Kim, Jaedong Lee, and Gerard J. Kim. 2015a. Designing of 2D illusory tactile feedback for hand-held tablets. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artifcial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 9299 (2015), 10--17.

[29]

Youngsun Kim, Jaedong Lee, and Gerard J. Kim. 2015b. Extending "out of the body" tactile phantom sensations to 2D and applying it to mobile interaction. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 19, 8 (2015), 1295--1311.

Digital Library

[30]

Youngsun Kim, Jaedong Lee, and Gerard Jounghyun Kim. 2017. Design and application of 2D illusory vibrotactile feedback for hand-held tablets. Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 11, 2 (2017), 133--148.

[31]

Jaedong Lee, Youngsun Kim, and Gerard Kim. 2012. Funneling and saltation effects for tactile interaction with virtual objects. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI '12 (2012), 3141--3148.

Digital Library

[32]

Jaedong Lee, Youngsun Kim, and Gerard J. Kim. 2015. Applying "Out of Body" Vibrotactile illusion to Two-Finger interaction for perception of object Dynamics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artifcial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 9299 (2015), 506--509.

[33]

M. Miyazaki, M. Hirashima, and D. Nozaki. 2010. The "Cutaneous Rabbit" Hopping out of the Body. Journal of Neuroscience 30, 5 (2010), 1856--1860.

[34]

Kimberly Myles and Joel T. Kalb. 2009. Vibrotactile Sensitivity of the Head. (2009).

[35]

Kimberly Myles and Joel T. Kalb. 2010. Guidelines for Head Tactile Communication. March (2010). http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord

[36]

K. Myles and J. T. Kalb. 2013. Head Tactile Communication: Promising Technology With the Design of a Head-Mounted Tactile Display. Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 21, 2 (apr 2013), 4--8.

[37]

Kimberly Myles, Joel T. Kalb, Janea Lowery, and Bheem P. Kattel. 2015. The effect of hair density on the coupling between the tactor and the skin of the human head. Applied Ergonomics 48 (2015), 177--185.

[38]

Tomi Nukarinen, Jussi Rantala, Ahmed Farooq, and Roope Raisamo. 2015. Delivering directional haptic cues through eyeglasses and a seat. In 2015 IEEE World Haptics Conference (WHC). IEEE, 345--350.

[39]

Gunhyuk Park and Seungmoon Choi. 2018. Tactile Information Transmission by 2D Stationary Phantom Sensations. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '18.

Digital Library

[40]

Jaeyoung Park, Jaeha Kim, Yonghwan Oh, and Hong Z. Tan. 2016. Rendering moving tactile stroke on the palm using a sparse 2D array. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artifcial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 9774 (2016), 47--56.

[41]

Dario Pittera, Marianna Obrist, and Ali Israr. 2017. Hand-to-hand: an intermanual illusion of movement. Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (2017), 73--81.

Digital Library

[42]

Jukka Raisamo, Roope Raisamo, and Veikko Surakka. 2009. Evaluating the effect of temporal parameters for vibrotactile saltatory patterns. (2009), 319.

Digital Library

[43]

Jukka Raisamo, Roope Raisamo, and V. Surakka. 2013. Comparison of Saltation, Amplitude Modulation, and a Hybrid Method of Vibrotactile Stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Haptics 6, 4 (2013), 517--521.

Digital Library

[44]

Dongseok Ryu, Gi Hun Yang, and Sungchul Kang. 2009. T-hive : Vibrotactile Interface Presenting Spatial Information on Handle Surface. Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (2009), 683--688.

[45]

Jongman Seo and Seungmoon Choi. 2013. Perceptual analysis of vibrotactile fows on a mobile device. IEEE Transactions on Haptics 6, 4 (2013), 522--527.

Digital Library

[46]

Jongman Seo and Seungmoon Choi. 2015. Edge fows: Improving information transmission in mobile devices using two-dimensional vibrotactile fows. IEEE World Haptics Conference, WHC 2015 (2015), 25--30.

[47]

Katherine O. Sofa and Lynette Jones. 2013. Mechanical and psychophysical studies of surface wave propagation during vibrotactile stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Haptics 6, 3 (2013), 320--329.

Digital Library

[48]

Unity Technologies. 2019. Unity - Game Engine. (2019). https://unity3d.com/

[49]

Gi Hun Yang, Moon Sub Jin, Yeonsub Jin, and Sungchul Kang. 2010. T-mobile: Vibrotactile display pad with spatial and directional information for hand-held device. IEEE/RSJ 2010 International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 2010 - Conference Proceedings (2010), 5245--5250.

[50]

Gi Hun Yang, Dongseok Ryu, and Sungchul Kang. 2009. Vibrotactile display for hand-held input device providing spatial and directional information. Proceedings - 3rd Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, World Haptics 2009 (2009), 79--84.

Digital Library

[51]

Koji Yatani and KN Truong. 2009. SemFeel: a user interface with semantic tactile feedback for mobile touch-screen devices. 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface (2009), 111--120. http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1622198

Digital Library

[52]

Siyan Zhao, Ali Israr, and Roberta Klatzky. 2015. Intermanual apparent tactile motion on handheld tablets. IEEE World Haptics Conference, WHC 2015 (2015), 241--247.

Cited By

Huang BDietz PWigdor D(2024)Investigating the Effects of Intensity and Frequency on Vibrotactile Spatial AcuityIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2024.335092917:3(405-416)Online publication date: Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2024.3350929
Tawa SNagano HTazaki YYokokohji Y(2024)Three-Dimensional Position Presentation via Head and Waist Vibrotactile ArraysIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2023.332992917:3(319-333)Online publication date: Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2023.3329929
Apostolou KŠkola FLiarokapis F(2023)Enhancing Localization Performance with Extended Funneling Vibrotactile FeedbackMultimodal Technologies and Interaction10.3390/mti71201147:12(114)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7120114
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Vibrotactile Funneling Illusion and Localization Performance on the Head
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction devices
      1. Haptic devices
    2. Interaction techniques

Recommendations

Body-Penetrating Tactile Phantom Sensations
CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

In tactile interaction, a phantom sensation refers to an illusion felt on the skin between two distant points at which vibrations are applied. It can improve the perceptual spatial resolution of tactile stimulation with a few tactors. All phantom ...
Tactile Information Transmission by 2D Stationary Phantom Sensations
CHI '18: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

A phantom sensation refers to an illusory tactile sensation perceived midway between multiple distant stimulations on the skin. Phantom sensations have been used intensively in tactile interfaces owing to their simplicity and effectiveness. Despite that,...
The PhantomStation: towards funneling remote tactile feedback on interactive surfaces
AH '11: Proceedings of the 2nd Augmented Human International Conference

We present the PhantomStation, a novel interface that communicates tactile feedback to remote parts of the user's body. Thus, touch input on interactive surfaces can be augmented with synchronous tactile sensations. With the objective to reduce the ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 2020

10688 pages

ISBN:9781450367080

DOI:10.1145/3313831

General Chairs:
Regina Bernhaupt
Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
,
Florian 'Floyd' Mueller
Monash University, Australia
,
David Verweij
Newcastle University, UK
,
Josh Andres
RMIT, Australia
,
Program Chairs:
Joanna McGrenere
University of British Columbia, Canada
,
Andy Cockburn
University of Canterbury, New Zealand
,
Ignacio Avellino
University of Maryland Baltimore County, USA
,
Alix Goguey
Grenoble Alpes University, France
,
Pernille Bjørn
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Shengdong (Shen) Zhao
National University of Singapore, Singapore
,
Briane Paul Samson
Future University Hakodate, Japan & De La Salle University, Philippines
,
Rafal Kocielnik
University of Washington, USA

Copyright © 2020 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 23 April 2020

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CHI '20

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

CHI '20: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 25 - 30, 2020

HI, Honolulu, USA

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

8
Total Citations
View Citations
660
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)114
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)6

Reflects downloads up to 22 Sep 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Huang BDietz PWigdor D(2024)Investigating the Effects of Intensity and Frequency on Vibrotactile Spatial AcuityIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2024.335092917:3(405-416)Online publication date: Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2024.3350929
Tawa SNagano HTazaki YYokokohji Y(2024)Three-Dimensional Position Presentation via Head and Waist Vibrotactile ArraysIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2023.332992917:3(319-333)Online publication date: Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TOH.2023.3329929
Apostolou KŠkola FLiarokapis F(2023)Enhancing Localization Performance with Extended Funneling Vibrotactile FeedbackMultimodal Technologies and Interaction10.3390/mti71201147:12(114)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7120114
Yu NMa SLin CFan CTaglialatela LHuang TYu CCheng YLiao YChen M(2023)DrivingVibe: Enhancing VR Driving Experience using Inertia-based Vibrotactile Feedback around the HeadProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36042537:MHCI(1-22)Online publication date: 13-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3604253
de Vlam VWiertlewski MVardar Y(2023)Focused Vibrotactile Stimuli From a Wearable Sparse Array of ActuatorsIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2023.327036216:4(511-517)Online publication date: 25-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TOH.2023.3270362
Ma SLin CWang CYu NChen M(2022)InertiaVibe: Low-fidelity Simulation of Inertia using Head-mounted Vibrotactile Feedback to Reduce Cybersickness and Enhance VR ExperienceAdjunct Proceedings of the 2022 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and the 2022 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers10.1145/3544793.3561319(510-514)Online publication date: 11-Sep-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544793.3561319
Kaul ORohs MMogalle MSimon B(2021)Around-the-Head Tactile System for Supporting Micro Navigation of People with Visual ImpairmentsACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/345802128:4(1-35)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3458021
Kaul ODomin ARohs MSimon BSchrapel M(2021)VRTactileDraw: A Virtual Reality Tactile Pattern Designer for Complex Spatial Arrangements of ActuatorsHuman-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 202110.1007/978-3-030-85607-6_15(212-233)Online publication date: 30-Aug-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-030-85607-6_15
Kaul ORohs MMogalle M(2020)Design and Evaluation of On-the-Head Spatial Tactile PatternsProceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia10.1145/3428361.3428407(229-239)Online publication date: 22-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3428361.3428407

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents