Geometrical Analysis of an Oscillating Water Column Converter Device Considering Realistic Irregular Wave Generation with Bathymetry
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Mathematical and Numerical Modeling
2.2. WaveMIMO Methodology
- Location and time of study: a place and a time interval were chosen, and, thus, a simulation of the sea state was performed with these conditions.
- TOMAWAC: the software was used for the numerical simulation of the sea state.
- Wave spectrum simulation: a wave spectrum was extracted from the sea state simulation at the chosen location and time interval.
- Spectral data conversion: the wave spectrum was transformed into a free surface elevation time series statistically identical to the initial wave spectrum, thus representing the sea state [33].
- Orbital velocities u and w: velocity profiles were imposed as boundary conditions in Fluent to generate a realistic sea state.
Bathymetry Influence Study and Numerical Model Verification
2.3. Geometric Optimization of OWC WEC
2.4. Error Metrics
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Study of Bathymetry Influence in the Generation and Propagation of Realistic Irregular Waves and Numerical Model Verification
3.2. Study of Geometric Optimization of OWC WEC Subjected to Realistic Irregular Waves
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CFD | Computational fluid dynamics |
FVM | Finite volume method |
MAE | Mean absolute error |
MWL | Mean water level |
OWC | Oscillating water column |
PISO | Pressure-implicit splitting of operators |
PRESTO | Pressure staggering option |
RMSE | Root mean square error |
TOMAWAC | Telemac-based operational model addressing wave action computation |
VOF | Volume of fluid |
WEC | Wave energy converter |
Nomenclature | |
A | Amplitude of the wave [m] |
Area of each computational cell volume [m] | |
Volumetric fraction [–] | |
Volumetric fraction of air [–] | |
Volumetric fraction of water [–] | |
Linear damping coefficient [s] | |
Quadratic damping coefficient [m] | |
Time step [s] | |
Free surface elevation [m] | |
Gravity acceleration [m/s] | |
h | Water depth [m] |
H | Wave height [m] |
Height of wave channel [m] | |
Significant height [m] | |
Height of the hydropneumatic chamber [m] | |
Height of the turbine duct [m] | |
Submersion depth of OWC [m] | |
k | Angular wave number [1/m] |
L | Length of the hydropneumatic chamber [m] |
l | Length of the turbine duct [m] |
Length of the wave channel [m] | |
Length of the numerical beach [m] | |
Wavelength [m] | |
Air mass flow rate [kg/s] | |
Viscosity [kg/m.s] | |
n | Number of data [–] |
Numerical value [–] | |
p | Static pressure [Pa] |
Instantaneous available power [W] | |
Variable field [–] | |
Air density [kg/m] | |
Density [kg/m] | |
Reference value [–] | |
S | Source term [N/m] |
Angular wave frequency [Hz] | |
T | Period [s] |
Mean period [s] | |
t | Time [s] |
Strain rate tensor [N/m] | |
u | Horizontal velocity [m/s] |
V | Fluid velocity [m/s] |
Velocity vector [m/s] | |
Air velocity in the duct [m/s] | |
Volume of the hydropneumatic chamber [m] | |
Total volume of the OWC [m] | |
w | Vertical velocity [m/s] |
x | Numerical probe position [m] |
Starting point [m] | |
Ending point [m] | |
Free surface point [m] | |
Bottom point [m] |
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(m) | L (m) | |
---|---|---|
0.1985 | 5.65 | 28.46 |
0.4297 | 8.31 | 19.34 |
0.6608 | 10.31 | 15.16 |
0.8920 | 11.98 | 13.43 |
1.1167 | 13.40 | 12.00 |
1.3543 | 14.76 | 10.90 |
1.5854 | 15.97 | 10.07 |
1.8166 | 17.09 | 9.41 |
2.0478 | 18.15 | 8.86 |
2.2789 | 19.14 | 8.40 |
Probe Position (m) | MAE (m) | RMSE (m) |
---|---|---|
0.000000 | 0.004264 | 0.006133 |
10.455425 | 0.019815 | 0.020653 |
20.910851 | 0.019803 | 0.020501 |
31.366276 | 0.019803 | 0.020468 |
41.821702 | 0.019835 | 0.020556 |
50.186042 | 0.019836 | 0.020555 |
60.641468 | 0.019802 | 0.020494 |
71.096893 | 0.019757 | 0.020514 |
81.552318 | 0.019746 | 0.020618 |
92.007744 | 0.019743 | 0.020814 |
102.463169 | 0.019682 | 0.021028 |
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Mocellin, A.P.G.; Maciel, R.P.; Oleinik, P.H.; dos Santos, E.D.; Rocha, L.A.O.; Ziebell, J.S.; Isoldi, L.A.; Machado, B.N. Geometrical Analysis of an Oscillating Water Column Converter Device Considering Realistic Irregular Wave Generation with Bathymetry. J. Exp. Theor. Anal. 2023, 1, 24-43. https://doi.org/10.3390/jeta1010003
Mocellin APG, Maciel RP, Oleinik PH, dos Santos ED, Rocha LAO, Ziebell JS, Isoldi LA, Machado BN. Geometrical Analysis of an Oscillating Water Column Converter Device Considering Realistic Irregular Wave Generation with Bathymetry. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses. 2023; 1(1):24-43. https://doi.org/10.3390/jeta1010003
Chicago/Turabian StyleMocellin, Ana Paula Giussani, Rafael Pereira Maciel, Phelype Haron Oleinik, Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos, Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha, Juliana Sartori Ziebell, Liércio André Isoldi, and Bianca Neves Machado. 2023. "Geometrical Analysis of an Oscillating Water Column Converter Device Considering Realistic Irregular Wave Generation with Bathymetry" Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses 1, no. 1: 24-43. https://doi.org/10.3390/jeta1010003