Abstract
To facilitate investigations of verbal emotional processing, we introduce the Leipzig Affective Norms for German (LANG), a list of 1,000 German nouns that have been rated for emotional valence, arousal, and concreteness. A critical factor regarding the quality of normative word data is their reliability. We therefore acquired ratings from a sample that was tested twice, with an interval of 2 years, to calculate test—retest reliability. Furthermore, we recruited a second sample to test reliability across independent samples. The results show (1) the typical quadratic relation of valence and arousal, replicating previous data, (2) very high test—retest reliability (>.95), and (3) high correlations between the two samples (>.85). Because the range of ratings was also very high, we provide a comprehensive set of words with reliable affective norms, which makes it possible to select highly controlled subsamples varying in emotional status. The database is available as a supplement for this article at http://brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental.
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This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Graduate Program (1182): Function of Attention in Cognition, University of Leipzig, Germany, and by Grant DFG-FOR-499 to S.A.K., Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences.
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Kanske, P., Kotz, S.A. Leipzig Affective Norms for German: A reliability study. Behavior Research Methods 42, 987–991 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.42.4.987
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.42.4.987