Intracranial hydatid disease constitutes 1%-2% of all cases of hydatid disease. Multiple, infecte... more Intracranial hydatid disease constitutes 1%-2% of all cases of hydatid disease. Multiple, infected, extradural, parasellar hydatid cysts in a patient constitutes an extremely rare presentation. This 21-year-old man presented with a progressive left supraclavicular swelling of 3 years duration and raised intracranial pressure of 6 months duration with a past history of left-sided chronic suppurative otitis media that had resolved with antibiotics. On neurologic examination, he had bilateral deterioration of vision with optic atrophy; right temporal field defect; left III, IV, VI, VI, and V2 cranial nerves palsy; and left ear conductive deafness. The patient's E.S.R was raised. His computed tomography (CT) scan showed a hypodense, lobulated lesion in the middle cranial fossa with a hypodense, nonenhancing rim, septations, and focal calcification without perifocal edema. A purulent fluid was aspirated from the left supraclavicular swelling, which did not reveal any organism on staining and culture. Aspiration of the left temporal swelling showed whitish watery fluid, the cytology of which revealed an infected hydatid cyst. Excision of the left temporal extradural, hydatid cysts was done, except the portion of the capsule adherent to the dura, and albendazole was started. One month later, the supraclavicular hydatid cysts were removed. Six months later, a left mastoidectomy was performed for chronic suppurative otitis media. A repeat CT scan showed complete resolution of the hydatid cysts. There was no recurrence at 1 year follow-up. A rare case of multiple infected extradural hydatid cysts of the parasellar region is reported. The unusual CT picture of a hypodense lobulated mass with septations and a hyperdense rims is presented. The difficulties in its complete excision and successful management with long-term albendazole therapy are discussed.
1. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;50(4):875-7. FNAC of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour o... more 1. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;50(4):875-7. FNAC of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the subcutis: a diagnostic dilemma. Shukla S, Sharma S, Langer S, Sinha M. Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Smt. ...
OBJECTIVE: To establish morphologic features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine n... more OBJECTIVE: To establish morphologic features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective, five-year study, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates from 17 cases of histologically proven ...
U rinary bladder cancer is the second most frequent tumor of the genitourinary tract [1]. The mos... more U rinary bladder cancer is the second most frequent tumor of the genitourinary tract [1]. The most common type of bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma, also called transitional cell carcinoma, accounting for about 90% of the cases. Other uncommon types, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, account for 3-7% and <2% of cases, respectively [2]. Bladder adenocarcinoma may be primary or secondary, with secondary being more common, involving the bladder by metastasis from the colon, prostate, endometrium, cervix, breast, and lung or by direct extension of adenocarcinoma of the surrounding organs, especially colorectum. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma (PBA) is broadly classified as non-urachal and urachal adenocarcinoma based on location. Non-urachal PBA occurs in the posterior wall and trigone and urachal adenocarcinoma near dome and anterior wall of the bladder. Patients of PBA usually present in the sixth and seventh decades of life with male predominance [3]. The most common...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) arising from epithelial lining of dentigerous cyst is rare and thes... more Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) arising from epithelial lining of dentigerous cyst is rare and these are distinct pathologic entity with only few cases in the literature. Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma constitutes 1-2.5% of all odontogenic tumors and 1-2% of all intraoral cancers. Differential diagnosis of dentigerous cyst and the malignant tumor arising in the cyst is difficult due to nonspecific clinical and radiological examination. It is on histopathological examination that diagnosis is often made. We present a case of SCC arising from dentigerous cyst highlighting the importance of careful histopathological examination so as to prevent misdiagnosis of apparently innocuous cystic lesions.
Differential diagnosis between tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosis is often ex... more Differential diagnosis between tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosis is often extremely difficult as they share common clinical and radiologic findings like ascitis, adnexal masses and elevated CA 125 levels in women. The diagnostic dilemma is further confounded when the two conditions co-exist. Overwhelming clinical features of tuberculosis may at times mask the co-existent malignant pathology leading to its underdiagnosis by the clinicians, thereby impacting the further management of the patient. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with abdominal distension and weight loss. Her CA 125 level was raised to 529 U/ml. Imaging studies revealed adnexal masses and ascitis. Ovarian malignancy was highly suspected but histology of endometrial biopsy showed tuberculosis. Anti-tubercular treatment was administered and the patient showed mild initial improvement but worsening of clinical and biochemical parameters occurred later due to co-existent malignancy f...
Sir, Lymphocytoma cutis (LCC) is a rare psuedolymphoma also known as ‘cutaneous lymphoid hyperpla... more Sir, Lymphocytoma cutis (LCC) is a rare psuedolymphoma also known as ‘cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia’(CLH).It is not a specific diseasebut a response to a variety of known and unknown stimuli that results in the accumulation of lymphocytes and other inflammatory cells in a localized region.It manifests clinically as asymptomatic, indolent, nodular lesions of different sizes varying between 2 and 5 cm, usually solitary, mainly on exposed area of the body like face (70%) and neck. Most of the cases cannot be attributed to any cause and are termed idiopathic.When the cause is known, it should be included in the diagnosis. Individuals of any age may be affected, but lymphocytoma cutis is most common in early adulthood.The median age of presentation is 34 years, with females affected more than males (2:1). Lymphocytoma cutis is not associated with mortality and is rarely associated with morbidity other than minor pain or pruritus and generally heals without scarring.
A ganglion cyst is best described as a cyst filled with mucinous material within the vicinity of ... more A ganglion cyst is best described as a cyst filled with mucinous material within the vicinity of a joint or tendon sheath. It may cause pain, weakness and partial disability of the joint. It most commonly occurs on the dorsal aspect of the wrist. Other common sites are volar surface of the wrist and fingers, dorsum of the foot, around the ankle and the knee, and in the articular and ligamentous areas of the spine. It has seldom been reported in the middle portion of the leg away from the adjacent joints. [1,2]
Meckel Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a rare autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by... more Meckel Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a rare autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by multiple congenital anomalies ultimately leading to the death of fetus in utero or shortly after birth. It is characterized by classical triad of occipital encephalocele, infantile polycystic kidneys and postaxial polydactyly.Diagnosis of MKS is made on the basis of ultrasonographic, clinical and morphological
Phyllodes tumour (PT) accounts for 0.3-1% of all primary tumours of the breast. Classification of... more Phyllodes tumour (PT) accounts for 0.3-1% of all primary tumours of the breast. Classification of PT into benign, borderline and malignant types is important in determining the prognosis of the disease. Occurrence of multi-nucleate giant cells (MNGC) in PT is a rare occurrence. Two types of MNGC have been described in mammary neoplasms, the multinucleate stromal giant cells (MNSGC) and the osteoclast-like giant cells (OLGC). Of thirteen cases of Phyllodes tumour (PT) with MNGC reported till date, eleven possessed pleomorphic, bizarre-appearing MNSGC and two had bland-looking OLGC. We present a case of borderline PT with multiple foci of both MNSGC and OLGC intermixed together in a hypervascular stromal background. To the best of our knowledge, such a case has not been reported earlier. The case also highlights the dilemma in grading of PT in the presence of many pleomorphic MNSGC. In these cases, Ki-67 proliferation index is important as it is not increased in the otherwise pleomor...
Perianal region is an uncommon site for Rhabdomyosarcoma . Early diagnosis is essential in these ... more Perianal region is an uncommon site for Rhabdomyosarcoma . Early diagnosis is essential in these cases, as 25% of patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. FNAC is simple and useful procedure for making an early diagnosis and helping clinicians for prompt intervention. Previously, a single case had been reported of rhabdomyosarcoma occuring 2 years after a surgery for hamartoma at the same site. Herein, we report a case of perianal rhabdomyosarcoma which occurred 5 years after a pull through procedure done for Hirschsprungs disease and this rare association has not been reported yet in literature.
BackgroundAcute leukemias comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by rapid and u... more BackgroundAcute leukemias comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by rapid and uncontrolled clonal expansion of progenitor cells of the hematopoietic system. Immunophenotyping helps subclassify acute leukemias into subgroups with prognostic implications.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive observational cross-sectional study was performed on 80 newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia in children up to 18 years of age from August 2012 to Febuary 2014.The immunophenotypic analysis was performed by Beckman Coulter Flow cytometer using monoclonal antibodies against various cell surface / cytoplasmic antigens.ResultsOut of 80 cases, 68 cases had acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 12 cases had acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). In this study, 68 cases of ALL could be categorized into 53 cases of B-ALL, 13 of T-ALL, and 2 cases of Bi-phenotypic acute leukemia (BAL). Twelve cases of AML comprised of 7 cases of AML with minimal differentiation; 2 of AML with cases of AML wi...
Aims: (a) To evaluate the types and frequencies of preanalytical errors occurring in a tertiary c... more Aims: (a) To evaluate the types and frequencies of preanalytical errors occurring in a tertiary care hematology diagnostic center and (b) To evaluate differences if any, across groups [outpatient data (OPD) vs inpatient data (IPD), type of test requested [complete blood count (CBC) vs coagulation] and laboratory (routine vs emergency). Settings and Design: A prospective study was conducted over a period of nine months (August 2017–April 2018) to address the above objectives. All samples received in the clinical hematology division of our institute were included in the analysis. Materials and Methods: Categories of preanalytical errors were defined. This included insufficient, clotted, diluted, and lipemic samples. Clerical errors such as wrong/absent sample labeling, requisition form-sample mismatch, and wrong vacutainer selection were also documented. IPD and OPD data, as well as data pertaining to samples sent for different tests [complete blood count (CBC)/coagulation] and in the routine and emergency laboratories, were segregated. Statistical Analysis Used: All errors in each category were recorded as numbers and corresponding percentages (proportions). The two-tailed z-test was applied to assess the significance of the difference in proportions across all groups. Statistical significance was kept at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 189,104 samples were received in the clinical hematology laboratory during the aforementioned period, out of which preanalytical errors were found in 4052 (2.14%) samples. Inadequate sample quantity (ISQ) comprised the bulk of preanalytical errors in our laboratory (1.11% of total samples) followed by sample clots (0.88%). There was no significant difference in the error frequencies in OPD and IPD (P = 0.1031). The proportion of errors was higher in routine vis-à -vis emergency samples and also in samples sent for coagulation analysis vis-à -vis CBC.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2009
Cystic hydatid disease may develop in almost any part of the body. Approximately 70% of the hydat... more Cystic hydatid disease may develop in almost any part of the body. Approximately 70% of the hydatid cysts are located in the liver followed by the lung (25%). The kidneys, spleen, mesentry, peritoneum, soft tissues and brain are uncommon locations for hydatid cysts. Renal involvement in echinococcosis is extremely rare. Hydatiduria accompanies only 10-20% of all cases of renal hydatidosis and is usually microscopic. Gross hydatiduria is an exceptional presentation of hydatidosis. We report an exceptionally rare case of multiple hydatidosis with cysts in the liver, spleen, kidney and peritoneal cavity, presenting with gross hydatiduria.
Objectives Leucocytospermia is a rare cause of infertility with a variable incidence in infertile... more Objectives Leucocytospermia is a rare cause of infertility with a variable incidence in infertile men. In many andrology laboratories, semen analysis is primarily centered on analyzing basic parameters (sperm count, motility, and viability). We examined the role of cytomorphological analysis on Papanicolaou (PAP)-stained smears in the work up of male infertility, with special reference to leukocytospermia and assessed the morphological features of sperms in these cases. Materials and Methods All cases signed out as “leukocytospermia” between November 2017 and January 2018 were evaluated. Cases showing pus cells (≥ 1/5hpf) on cytosmear evaluation were also analyzed. Parameters obtained on modified Neubauer’s chamber, wet mount preparations, and autoanalyzer SQA-IIC-P (Medical Electronic Systems, Israel) were tabulated. PAP-stained smears were examined to assess morphological defects and other findings, if any. Results Out of 348 semen samples, 6 (1.72%) were diagnosed as leukocytospe...
Intracranial hydatid disease constitutes 1%-2% of all cases of hydatid disease. Multiple, infecte... more Intracranial hydatid disease constitutes 1%-2% of all cases of hydatid disease. Multiple, infected, extradural, parasellar hydatid cysts in a patient constitutes an extremely rare presentation. This 21-year-old man presented with a progressive left supraclavicular swelling of 3 years duration and raised intracranial pressure of 6 months duration with a past history of left-sided chronic suppurative otitis media that had resolved with antibiotics. On neurologic examination, he had bilateral deterioration of vision with optic atrophy; right temporal field defect; left III, IV, VI, VI, and V2 cranial nerves palsy; and left ear conductive deafness. The patient&#39;s E.S.R was raised. His computed tomography (CT) scan showed a hypodense, lobulated lesion in the middle cranial fossa with a hypodense, nonenhancing rim, septations, and focal calcification without perifocal edema. A purulent fluid was aspirated from the left supraclavicular swelling, which did not reveal any organism on staining and culture. Aspiration of the left temporal swelling showed whitish watery fluid, the cytology of which revealed an infected hydatid cyst. Excision of the left temporal extradural, hydatid cysts was done, except the portion of the capsule adherent to the dura, and albendazole was started. One month later, the supraclavicular hydatid cysts were removed. Six months later, a left mastoidectomy was performed for chronic suppurative otitis media. A repeat CT scan showed complete resolution of the hydatid cysts. There was no recurrence at 1 year follow-up. A rare case of multiple infected extradural hydatid cysts of the parasellar region is reported. The unusual CT picture of a hypodense lobulated mass with septations and a hyperdense rims is presented. The difficulties in its complete excision and successful management with long-term albendazole therapy are discussed.
1. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;50(4):875-7. FNAC of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour o... more 1. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2007 Oct;50(4):875-7. FNAC of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the subcutis: a diagnostic dilemma. Shukla S, Sharma S, Langer S, Sinha M. Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Smt. ...
OBJECTIVE: To establish morphologic features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine n... more OBJECTIVE: To establish morphologic features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective, five-year study, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates from 17 cases of histologically proven ...
U rinary bladder cancer is the second most frequent tumor of the genitourinary tract [1]. The mos... more U rinary bladder cancer is the second most frequent tumor of the genitourinary tract [1]. The most common type of bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma, also called transitional cell carcinoma, accounting for about 90% of the cases. Other uncommon types, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, account for 3-7% and <2% of cases, respectively [2]. Bladder adenocarcinoma may be primary or secondary, with secondary being more common, involving the bladder by metastasis from the colon, prostate, endometrium, cervix, breast, and lung or by direct extension of adenocarcinoma of the surrounding organs, especially colorectum. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma (PBA) is broadly classified as non-urachal and urachal adenocarcinoma based on location. Non-urachal PBA occurs in the posterior wall and trigone and urachal adenocarcinoma near dome and anterior wall of the bladder. Patients of PBA usually present in the sixth and seventh decades of life with male predominance [3]. The most common...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) arising from epithelial lining of dentigerous cyst is rare and thes... more Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) arising from epithelial lining of dentigerous cyst is rare and these are distinct pathologic entity with only few cases in the literature. Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma constitutes 1-2.5% of all odontogenic tumors and 1-2% of all intraoral cancers. Differential diagnosis of dentigerous cyst and the malignant tumor arising in the cyst is difficult due to nonspecific clinical and radiological examination. It is on histopathological examination that diagnosis is often made. We present a case of SCC arising from dentigerous cyst highlighting the importance of careful histopathological examination so as to prevent misdiagnosis of apparently innocuous cystic lesions.
Differential diagnosis between tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosis is often ex... more Differential diagnosis between tuberculous peritonitis and peritonitis carcinomatosis is often extremely difficult as they share common clinical and radiologic findings like ascitis, adnexal masses and elevated CA 125 levels in women. The diagnostic dilemma is further confounded when the two conditions co-exist. Overwhelming clinical features of tuberculosis may at times mask the co-existent malignant pathology leading to its underdiagnosis by the clinicians, thereby impacting the further management of the patient. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with abdominal distension and weight loss. Her CA 125 level was raised to 529 U/ml. Imaging studies revealed adnexal masses and ascitis. Ovarian malignancy was highly suspected but histology of endometrial biopsy showed tuberculosis. Anti-tubercular treatment was administered and the patient showed mild initial improvement but worsening of clinical and biochemical parameters occurred later due to co-existent malignancy f...
Sir, Lymphocytoma cutis (LCC) is a rare psuedolymphoma also known as ‘cutaneous lymphoid hyperpla... more Sir, Lymphocytoma cutis (LCC) is a rare psuedolymphoma also known as ‘cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia’(CLH).It is not a specific diseasebut a response to a variety of known and unknown stimuli that results in the accumulation of lymphocytes and other inflammatory cells in a localized region.It manifests clinically as asymptomatic, indolent, nodular lesions of different sizes varying between 2 and 5 cm, usually solitary, mainly on exposed area of the body like face (70%) and neck. Most of the cases cannot be attributed to any cause and are termed idiopathic.When the cause is known, it should be included in the diagnosis. Individuals of any age may be affected, but lymphocytoma cutis is most common in early adulthood.The median age of presentation is 34 years, with females affected more than males (2:1). Lymphocytoma cutis is not associated with mortality and is rarely associated with morbidity other than minor pain or pruritus and generally heals without scarring.
A ganglion cyst is best described as a cyst filled with mucinous material within the vicinity of ... more A ganglion cyst is best described as a cyst filled with mucinous material within the vicinity of a joint or tendon sheath. It may cause pain, weakness and partial disability of the joint. It most commonly occurs on the dorsal aspect of the wrist. Other common sites are volar surface of the wrist and fingers, dorsum of the foot, around the ankle and the knee, and in the articular and ligamentous areas of the spine. It has seldom been reported in the middle portion of the leg away from the adjacent joints. [1,2]
Meckel Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a rare autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by... more Meckel Gruber syndrome (MKS) is a rare autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by multiple congenital anomalies ultimately leading to the death of fetus in utero or shortly after birth. It is characterized by classical triad of occipital encephalocele, infantile polycystic kidneys and postaxial polydactyly.Diagnosis of MKS is made on the basis of ultrasonographic, clinical and morphological
Phyllodes tumour (PT) accounts for 0.3-1% of all primary tumours of the breast. Classification of... more Phyllodes tumour (PT) accounts for 0.3-1% of all primary tumours of the breast. Classification of PT into benign, borderline and malignant types is important in determining the prognosis of the disease. Occurrence of multi-nucleate giant cells (MNGC) in PT is a rare occurrence. Two types of MNGC have been described in mammary neoplasms, the multinucleate stromal giant cells (MNSGC) and the osteoclast-like giant cells (OLGC). Of thirteen cases of Phyllodes tumour (PT) with MNGC reported till date, eleven possessed pleomorphic, bizarre-appearing MNSGC and two had bland-looking OLGC. We present a case of borderline PT with multiple foci of both MNSGC and OLGC intermixed together in a hypervascular stromal background. To the best of our knowledge, such a case has not been reported earlier. The case also highlights the dilemma in grading of PT in the presence of many pleomorphic MNSGC. In these cases, Ki-67 proliferation index is important as it is not increased in the otherwise pleomor...
Perianal region is an uncommon site for Rhabdomyosarcoma . Early diagnosis is essential in these ... more Perianal region is an uncommon site for Rhabdomyosarcoma . Early diagnosis is essential in these cases, as 25% of patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. FNAC is simple and useful procedure for making an early diagnosis and helping clinicians for prompt intervention. Previously, a single case had been reported of rhabdomyosarcoma occuring 2 years after a surgery for hamartoma at the same site. Herein, we report a case of perianal rhabdomyosarcoma which occurred 5 years after a pull through procedure done for Hirschsprungs disease and this rare association has not been reported yet in literature.
BackgroundAcute leukemias comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by rapid and u... more BackgroundAcute leukemias comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by rapid and uncontrolled clonal expansion of progenitor cells of the hematopoietic system. Immunophenotyping helps subclassify acute leukemias into subgroups with prognostic implications.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive observational cross-sectional study was performed on 80 newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia in children up to 18 years of age from August 2012 to Febuary 2014.The immunophenotypic analysis was performed by Beckman Coulter Flow cytometer using monoclonal antibodies against various cell surface / cytoplasmic antigens.ResultsOut of 80 cases, 68 cases had acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 12 cases had acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). In this study, 68 cases of ALL could be categorized into 53 cases of B-ALL, 13 of T-ALL, and 2 cases of Bi-phenotypic acute leukemia (BAL). Twelve cases of AML comprised of 7 cases of AML with minimal differentiation; 2 of AML with cases of AML wi...
Aims: (a) To evaluate the types and frequencies of preanalytical errors occurring in a tertiary c... more Aims: (a) To evaluate the types and frequencies of preanalytical errors occurring in a tertiary care hematology diagnostic center and (b) To evaluate differences if any, across groups [outpatient data (OPD) vs inpatient data (IPD), type of test requested [complete blood count (CBC) vs coagulation] and laboratory (routine vs emergency). Settings and Design: A prospective study was conducted over a period of nine months (August 2017–April 2018) to address the above objectives. All samples received in the clinical hematology division of our institute were included in the analysis. Materials and Methods: Categories of preanalytical errors were defined. This included insufficient, clotted, diluted, and lipemic samples. Clerical errors such as wrong/absent sample labeling, requisition form-sample mismatch, and wrong vacutainer selection were also documented. IPD and OPD data, as well as data pertaining to samples sent for different tests [complete blood count (CBC)/coagulation] and in the routine and emergency laboratories, were segregated. Statistical Analysis Used: All errors in each category were recorded as numbers and corresponding percentages (proportions). The two-tailed z-test was applied to assess the significance of the difference in proportions across all groups. Statistical significance was kept at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 189,104 samples were received in the clinical hematology laboratory during the aforementioned period, out of which preanalytical errors were found in 4052 (2.14%) samples. Inadequate sample quantity (ISQ) comprised the bulk of preanalytical errors in our laboratory (1.11% of total samples) followed by sample clots (0.88%). There was no significant difference in the error frequencies in OPD and IPD (P = 0.1031). The proportion of errors was higher in routine vis-à -vis emergency samples and also in samples sent for coagulation analysis vis-à -vis CBC.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2009
Cystic hydatid disease may develop in almost any part of the body. Approximately 70% of the hydat... more Cystic hydatid disease may develop in almost any part of the body. Approximately 70% of the hydatid cysts are located in the liver followed by the lung (25%). The kidneys, spleen, mesentry, peritoneum, soft tissues and brain are uncommon locations for hydatid cysts. Renal involvement in echinococcosis is extremely rare. Hydatiduria accompanies only 10-20% of all cases of renal hydatidosis and is usually microscopic. Gross hydatiduria is an exceptional presentation of hydatidosis. We report an exceptionally rare case of multiple hydatidosis with cysts in the liver, spleen, kidney and peritoneal cavity, presenting with gross hydatiduria.
Objectives Leucocytospermia is a rare cause of infertility with a variable incidence in infertile... more Objectives Leucocytospermia is a rare cause of infertility with a variable incidence in infertile men. In many andrology laboratories, semen analysis is primarily centered on analyzing basic parameters (sperm count, motility, and viability). We examined the role of cytomorphological analysis on Papanicolaou (PAP)-stained smears in the work up of male infertility, with special reference to leukocytospermia and assessed the morphological features of sperms in these cases. Materials and Methods All cases signed out as “leukocytospermia” between November 2017 and January 2018 were evaluated. Cases showing pus cells (≥ 1/5hpf) on cytosmear evaluation were also analyzed. Parameters obtained on modified Neubauer’s chamber, wet mount preparations, and autoanalyzer SQA-IIC-P (Medical Electronic Systems, Israel) were tabulated. PAP-stained smears were examined to assess morphological defects and other findings, if any. Results Out of 348 semen samples, 6 (1.72%) were diagnosed as leukocytospe...
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