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Dynamics of artisanal fisheries in two Brazilian Amazonian reserves: implications to co-management

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Abstract

In this study we compare the dynamics of artisanal fishery in two adjacent reserves located in the Brazilian Amazon, Mamirauá (being managed for more than 12 years) and Amanã (initiating a management process), through the record of 485 fish landings in one fishing community in each reserve during high and low water seasons in 2003. Our goals were, first, to make a rapid and comparative assessment of some main aspects of fisheries in these two communities (fish species caught, CPUE, fishing gear and habitats exploited). Second, we used such data to evaluate if management strategies already in place in Mamirauá would be also valid for Amanã. Third, we compared fishing CPUE between the two communities, in order to check if co-management measures have contributed, at least partially, to preclude over-fishing, maintaining a higher fishing reward in Mamirauá reserve. We analyzed fisheries directed to the two most important marketable fishes in the region: the pirarucu (Arapaimas gigas) and the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), besides those fisheries aimed to subsistence and lower valued fishes. Our results indicated that the tambaqui was intensively fished year-round in Mamirauá, while Amanã fishers caught a higher variety of fishes, including catfishes and migratory scale fishes. Such differences might reflect differences in gear used and habitat exploited by fishers during the high water season. Mamirauá fishers caught a higher fish biomass considering both marketable and all fishes. Differences in gear used, habitats exploited and fishes caught during high water season indicate that distinct management initiatives might apply for each reserve. Notwithstanding their differences, both communities exploited the commercial fishes (tambaqui and pirarucu) in a similar way during the low water season. Therefore, the higher mean fishing yield (CPUE) observed in Mamirauá may be partially attributable to co-management measures, considering that Mamirauá has possibly been experiencing a higher fishing intensity than Amanã. Fishing related data are seldom available in Brazil and other tropical developing countries. We thus provided a framework of fast assessment of fishing dynamics, which may represent a first and useful step for management initiatives in the absence of more detailed data.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Mamirauá and Amanã’s fishers for their cooperation in the survey, IDSM staff, Antônio and Macedônio for their help with fieldwork, Guillermo Estupinã, IDSM fisheries team and Jansen A.S. Zuanon for fish species identifications. One of the authors (A.B.) is thankful to FAEPEX/UNICAMP for partial funding and to CNPq for a productivity scholarship. R.A.M.S. thanks CNPq for financial support to present this study in an international scientific meeting. Finally, we thank FEPIM/IDSM-OS/MCT for the financial support to conduct this study and to present these results in a regional scientific meeting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Museu de Historia Natural/IB UNICAMP, CP 6109, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    P. F. L. Maccord & A. Begossi

  2. Graduate Group in Ecology, IB UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    P. F. L. Maccord

  3. Department of Ecologia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    R. A. M. Silvano

  4. Graduate Group in Environment and Society, IFCH-NEPAM/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    M. S. Ramires & M. Clauzet

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  1. P. F. L. Maccord
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  5. A. Begossi
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Correspondence to P. F. L. Maccord.

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Maccord, P.F.L., Silvano, R.A.M., Ramires, M.S. et al. Dynamics of artisanal fisheries in two Brazilian Amazonian reserves: implications to co-management. Hydrobiologia 583, 365–376 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0486-4

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