La présence occidentale dans l’Empire ottoman, quelles que soient les formes qu’elle ait pu prend... more La présence occidentale dans l’Empire ottoman, quelles que soient les formes qu’elle ait pu prendre au cours des siècles, a toujours nécessité le recours à des interprètes. Ces personnages indispensables devaient constituer l’interface entre les Occidentaux et les autorités locales et permettre ainsi à toutes les parties d’échanger et de se comprendre. La compréhension mutuelle n’est certes pas la condition suffisante du bon déroulement des échanges, mais c’est assurément une condition nécess..
From the 15th to the 19th century, Bursa was one of the great international centres of the Ottom... more From the 15th to the 19th century, Bursa was one of the great international centres of the Ottoman silk trade and industry. Silk Weaving and transhipment, originally from the Gilan province on the coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran, gave rise to an active trade in the region. The textiles were manufactured in different dimensions, from small suede panels to larger pieces used as decorative panels. But above all it was the magnificent garments, more particularly the ceremonial kaftans intended for the imperial palace which ensured the reputation of the city. The Ottoman government controlled production and encouraged exports, which brought in important sources of income. But the market was fluctuating. In addition to the numerous conflicts which hindered the regular supply of raw silk, were the common difficulties experienced by great traders and weaver corporations. They saw their margins greatly reduced by the cost increase in raw materials, labour and selling prices imposed by the law. Despite the acclimatisation of the mulberry tree and the introduction of silk culture in the second half of the 16th century, silk weaving progressively declined in Bursa.
https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/anatm.pngFounded by Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anato... more https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/anatm.pngFounded by Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anatolia Moderna is an Ottoman history jounal that does not exclude contributions pertaining to contemporary Turkey. It was published annually between 1991 and 2001. Each issue of the jounal includes, in addition to research articles, a thematic section, and a section devoted to the publication of research results of the programs ongoing at the IFEA. Each issue also features a section called "Untraceable" with sometimes completed or annotated reproduction of old articles still sought but difficult to find.Fondée par Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anatolia Moderna est une revue d'histoire ottomane qui n'exclut pas les contributions sur la Turquie contemporaine. Elle a été publiée annuellement entre 1991 et 2001. Chaque numéro de la revue comprend, outre une section articles, un dossier sur un sujet, une section programmes où sont publiés les résultats des recherches menées par l'IFEA, ainsi qu'une rubrique intitulée "Introuvables" avec la reproduction parfois complétée ou annotée d'anciens articles toujours recherchés mais difficiles à trouver
Institut français d’études anatoliennes eBooks, 2012
Fransız Anadolu Araştırmaları Enstitüsü müdürlüğünü 1994-1999 yılları arasında başarıyla yürütmüş... more Fransız Anadolu Araştırmaları Enstitüsü müdürlüğünü 1994-1999 yılları arasında başarıyla yürütmüş oları dostumuz Stefanos Yerasimos’a bir gönül borcu olarak burada, başka bir kurumun, Roma’daki Fransız Akademisi’nin yatılı öğrencileri tarafından düzenlenen Türk temalı bir sanat etkinliğinden söz etmek istiyorum. 18. yüzyılda, Roma Karnavalı vesilesiyle, bu prestijli okulun öğrencileri, maskeli balolara ve festivallere sık sık gider olmuştu. Bu, “Ölümsüz Şehir” Roma’da Fransız mevcudiyetine bi..
La présence occidentale dans l’Empire ottoman, quelles que soient les formes qu’elle ait pu prend... more La présence occidentale dans l’Empire ottoman, quelles que soient les formes qu’elle ait pu prendre au cours des siècles, a toujours nécessité le recours à des interprètes. Ces personnages indispensables devaient constituer l’interface entre les Occidentaux et les autorités locales et permettre ainsi à toutes les parties d’échanger et de se comprendre. La compréhension mutuelle n’est certes pas la condition suffisante du bon déroulement des échanges, mais c’est assurément une condition nécess..
From the 15th to the 19th century, Bursa was one of the great international centres of the Ottom... more From the 15th to the 19th century, Bursa was one of the great international centres of the Ottoman silk trade and industry. Silk Weaving and transhipment, originally from the Gilan province on the coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran, gave rise to an active trade in the region. The textiles were manufactured in different dimensions, from small suede panels to larger pieces used as decorative panels. But above all it was the magnificent garments, more particularly the ceremonial kaftans intended for the imperial palace which ensured the reputation of the city. The Ottoman government controlled production and encouraged exports, which brought in important sources of income. But the market was fluctuating. In addition to the numerous conflicts which hindered the regular supply of raw silk, were the common difficulties experienced by great traders and weaver corporations. They saw their margins greatly reduced by the cost increase in raw materials, labour and selling prices imposed by the law. Despite the acclimatisation of the mulberry tree and the introduction of silk culture in the second half of the 16th century, silk weaving progressively declined in Bursa.
https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/anatm.pngFounded by Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anato... more https://www.persee.fr/renderCollectionCover/anatm.pngFounded by Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anatolia Moderna is an Ottoman history jounal that does not exclude contributions pertaining to contemporary Turkey. It was published annually between 1991 and 2001. Each issue of the jounal includes, in addition to research articles, a thematic section, and a section devoted to the publication of research results of the programs ongoing at the IFEA. Each issue also features a section called "Untraceable" with sometimes completed or annotated reproduction of old articles still sought but difficult to find.Fondée par Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont, Anatolia Moderna est une revue d'histoire ottomane qui n'exclut pas les contributions sur la Turquie contemporaine. Elle a été publiée annuellement entre 1991 et 2001. Chaque numéro de la revue comprend, outre une section articles, un dossier sur un sujet, une section programmes où sont publiés les résultats des recherches menées par l'IFEA, ainsi qu'une rubrique intitulée "Introuvables" avec la reproduction parfois complétée ou annotée d'anciens articles toujours recherchés mais difficiles à trouver
Institut français d’études anatoliennes eBooks, 2012
Fransız Anadolu Araştırmaları Enstitüsü müdürlüğünü 1994-1999 yılları arasında başarıyla yürütmüş... more Fransız Anadolu Araştırmaları Enstitüsü müdürlüğünü 1994-1999 yılları arasında başarıyla yürütmüş oları dostumuz Stefanos Yerasimos’a bir gönül borcu olarak burada, başka bir kurumun, Roma’daki Fransız Akademisi’nin yatılı öğrencileri tarafından düzenlenen Türk temalı bir sanat etkinliğinden söz etmek istiyorum. 18. yüzyılda, Roma Karnavalı vesilesiyle, bu prestijli okulun öğrencileri, maskeli balolara ve festivallere sık sık gider olmuştu. Bu, “Ölümsüz Şehir” Roma’da Fransız mevcudiyetine bi..
Uploads
Papers by Frederic HITZEL