cladesとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

clades

1. plural of clade

アナグラム

• Cadles, cadels, decals, scaled

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *klādēs, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₂d-, from *kelh₂- (“to beat, break”).

Cognate with Proto-Celtic *kladiwos, Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos), Proto-Balto-Slavic *kálˀtei (“to beat”) (compare Lithuanian kálti (“to hammer”), Old Church Slavonic клати (klati, “to stab”)), 古期英語 hild (“war, battle”). Related to Latin percellō, procella.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈklaː.deːs/, [ˈkɫ̪äːd̪eːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkla.des/, [ˈkläːd̪es]

名詞

clādēs f (genitive clādis); third declension

1. a breaking
2. destruction, disaster

   Synonyms: incommodum, dētrīmentum, vulnus, incommoditās, calamitās, cāsus, perniciēs, interitus, īnfortūnium, miseria, pestis, exitium

3. (In war または battle), defeat

   Synonyms: calamitās, incommodum, dētrīmentum, vulnus

   Antonym: victōria

   • 59 BC–AD 17, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 5.49.6:

     [...] ibi caedēs omnia obtinuit; castra capiuntur et nē nūntius quidem clādis relictus.

語形変化

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

参照

• “clades”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “clades”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• clades in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• clades in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to inflict a defeat on the enemy: cladem hostibus afferre, inferre
    
  • to suffer a defeat: cladem accipere