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{{about|the geographical region|the wine region in South Australia| Adelaide Hills wine region}}
{{more citations needed|section=yes|date=June 2020}}▼
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2014}}
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| pop = 72,260
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== History ==
{{See also|History of Adelaide}}
[[File:Heysen Droving.jpg|thumb|The 1921 painting ''[[Droving into the light]]'' by [[Hans Heysen]], inspired by the Adelaide Hills landscape]]
Before European settlement, the [[Peramangk]] people occupied the Adelaide Hills region, including the land from the foothills, north from Mount Barker through [[Harrogate, South Australia|Harrogate]], [[Gumeracha]], [[Mount Pleasant, South Australia|Mount Pleasant]] and [[Springton, South Australia|Springton]] to the [[Angaston, South Australia|Angaston]] and [[Gawler, South Australia|Gawler]] districts in the [[Barossa Valley]], and also southwards to [[Strathalbyn, South Australia|Strathalbyn]] and [[Myponga, South Australia|Myponga]] on the [[Fleurieu Peninsula]], as well as some sites on the [[River Murray]] to the east of the hills.<ref>{{cite web | title=Peramangk | website=Visit Adelaide Hills | url=https://www.visitadelaidehills.com.au/peramangk | access-date=5 July 2021}}</ref>
The Adelaide Hills were among the first areas of South Australia to be settled by European settlers. A number of towns in the Hills were started as [[German settlement in Australia|German settlements]]; [[Hahndorf, South Australia|Hahndorf]]
[[File:South terrace adelaide.jpg|centre|500px|thumb|A view across the [[Adelaide Park Lands|southern parklands]] to the Adelaide Hills from [[South Terrace, Adelaide]]]]▼
Wood was harvested by woodsmen in the hills and carted to the city for building new buildings from the earliest days of the [[colony of South Australia]]. The hills were then named "the Tiers", and the timber merchants "tiersmen". The first pub in the [[East End, Adelaide|East End of Adelaide]], built at 233-237 [[Grenfell Street]], was known as the Woodman (later being rebuilt as The Producers Hotel).<ref>{{cite web| url=https://d31atr86jnqrq2.cloudfront.net/heritage-places/heritage-place-information-sheet-233-237-grenfell-street.pdf| title=Woodmans Inn (Former Producers Hotel)| date=1996| quote=The text in this Information Sheet was copied from the ''Heritage of the City of Adelaide: An Illustrated Guide'' (1996).|publisher= [[City of Adelaide]]}}</ref>
This explains the strong German cultural connection seen in the number of [[Lutheran Church of Australia|Lutheran]] churches, Lutheran schools which often have German on the curriculum, and the number of older residents who still speak German. Some customs have grown, such as the [[Lobethal, South Australia|Lobethal]] [[Christmas lights]] which began in the 1950s.
Today, only one railway goes through the Adelaide Hills: the [[Melbourne-Adelaide rail corridor|Adelaide to Melbourne railway line]], which was first built in the 1870s and has had only some major realignments since (the most significant of which was the boring of a new tunnel at Sleeps Hill). Commuter passenger train services used to run from the city to the town of [[Bridgewater, South Australia|Bridgewater]] in the heart of the hills but were cut back to terminate at [[Belair, South Australia|Belair]] in 1987. <ref>Annual report for year ended 30 June 1988 page 10 State Transit Authority</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Callaghan|first1=WH|title=The Overland Railway|year=1992|publisher=Australian Railway Historical Society|location=Sydney|isbn=0 909650 29 2|page=217}}</ref>
== Culture and attractions ==
[[File:Stirling-Main-Street-2012.jpg|thumb|
▲{{more citations needed|section=yes|date=June 2020}}
[[File:Adelaide Hills.png|thumb|Map of Adelaide Hills]]
▲[[File:Stirling-Main-Street-2012.jpg|thumb|right|The town of [[Stirling, South Australia|Stirling]] is famed for its colourful autumn landscape.]]
[[File:Raywood – house and garden – Aldgate, Adelaide Hills.jpg|thumb
[[File:Old Mill building - Birdwood.JPG|thumb
▲[[File:Raywood – house and garden – Aldgate, Adelaide Hills.jpg|thumb|right|[[Raywood, Aldgate]] (formerly Arbury Park). ]]
▲[[File:Old Mill building - Birdwood.JPG|thumb|right|The old mill building at the National Motor Museum, [[Birdwood, South Australia]]]]
For many Adelaide residents, a drive through the hills is a popular pastime, particularly due to proximity to the city and other suburbs.<ref>[http://indaily.com.au/travel/2015/08/31/my-backyard-adelaide-hills/ My Backyard: Adelaide Hills] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915163004/http://indaily.com.au/travel/2015/08/31/my-backyard-adelaide-hills/ |date=15 September 2015 }}, ''InDaily'', 8 August 2015. Accessed 9 January 2016.</ref> With Adelaide being a linear city extending {{convert|90|km|mi}} north to south, the hills are within {{convert|20|km|mi}} of the majority of residents.
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==Protected areas==
[[File:Piccadilly Valley.JPG|View SE across the [[Piccadilly, South Australia|Piccadilly Valley]] from the [[Mount Lofty|Mount Lofty Scenic Route]]
[[File:CSIRO ScienceImage 4438 Sunflower crop.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|right|Sunflower crop in the Adelaide Hills]]▼
▲[[File:Piccadilly Valley.JPG|View SE across the [[Piccadilly, South Australia|Piccadilly Valley]] from the [[Mount Lofty|Mount Lofty Scenic Route]]. The summit of [[Mount Barker (South Australia)|Mount Barker]], {{convert|22|km}} away, can be seen on the horizon.|thumb]]
{{See also|Hills Face Zone}}
The Hills region includes the [[Cleland National Park]], and within it the [[Cleland Wildlife Park]] with its free-roaming [[kangaroo]]s, [[Wallaby|wallabies]] and [[emu]]s. The park also has enclosed areas for [[dingo]]s, [[koala]]s, native birds and snakes, and is a popular destination for school groups as well as interstate and international visitors.
Many native species of fauna can be encountered within the hills region. Among the more common species include the [[kookaburra]], [[tawny frogmouth]], [[southern brown bandicoot]], kangaroo, [[brown tree frog]], and [[pogona|bearded dragon]]. Several of the less common species include the [[antechinus]] ([[Morialta Conservation Park]]), [[Rosenberg's monitor|heath monitor]] ([[Scott Creek Conservation Park]]) and the very rare [[Morelia spilota metcalfei|inland carpet python]] (greater Mount Barker region).
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==Climate==
[[File:Mt. Lofty Snow.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Snow on [[Mount Lofty]]]]
{{See|Climate of Adelaide}}
▲[[File:CSIRO ScienceImage 4438 Sunflower crop.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|right|Sunflower crop in the Adelaide Hills]]
It is generally a few degrees cooler in the Hills than in [[Adelaide city centre]] and [[Adelaide Plains|Plains]]. The days are warm in January and February, but the region generally experiences cool nights. This significant [[Diurnal temperature variation|diurnal variation]] results in cool mean daily temperatures even in summer.{{cn|date=October 2021}}
The area receives a light snowfall approximately once every three to four years, occasionally enough to stay on the ground for half a day,{{cn|date=October 2021}} and large amounts of [[hail]] are more likely to fall here than on the Plains.<ref >{{cite web | last=Boisvert | first=Eugene | title=Hail and heavy rain hit Adelaide and the Adelaide Hills as storms roll through South Australia | website=ABC News| publisher= [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=29 September 2021 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-09-29/hail-and-heavy-rain-hit-adelaide/100500962 | access-date=28 October 2021}}</ref>
▲[[File:South terrace adelaide.jpg|centre|500px|thumb|A view across the [[Adelaide Park Lands|southern parklands]] to the Adelaide Hills from [[South Terrace, Adelaide]]]]
==See also==
{{Portal|South Australia}}
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