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Aedui: Difference between revisions

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== Name ==
They are mentioned as ''Ardues'' (Ἄρδυες) by [[Polybius]] (2nd c. BC),<ref>[[Polybius]]. ''[[The Histories (Polybius)|Historíai]],'' 3:47:3 </ref> ''Haedui'' by [[Cicero]] (mid-1st c. BC) and [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] (mid-1st c. BC),<ref>[[Cicero]]. ''[[Epistulae ad Atticum]]'', 1:19:2</ref><ref>[[Julius Caesar|Caesar]]. ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico]]'', 1:11:2</ref> ''Haeduos'' by [[Livy]] (early 1st c. BC),<ref>[[Livy]]. ''[[Ab Urbe Condita Libri]]'', 5:34:3</ref> ''Aedui'' by [[Pliny the Elder|Pliny]] (1st c. AD),<ref>[[Pliny the Elder|Pliny]]. ''[[Natural History (Pliny)|Naturalis Historia]],'' 4:107</ref> ''Aidúōn'' (Αἰδύων) by [[Ptolemy]] (2nd c. AD),<ref>[[Ptolemy]]. ''[[Geography (Ptolemy)|Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis]],'' 2:8:12</ref> and as ''Aídouoi'' (Aἴδουοι) by [[Cassius Dio]] (3rd c. AD).<ref>[[Cassius Dio]]. ''Rhōmaïkḕ Historía'', 38:32</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Falileyev|2010|p=}}, s.v. entries ''Aedui'' and ''Haedui''.</ref>
 
The [[Gaulish language|Gaulish]] ethnonym ''Aedui'' ('the ardent ones') stems from the root ''aidu-'' ('fire, ardour'), itself from [[Proto-Celtic language|Proto-Celtic]] ''*aydu-'' ('fire'; cf. [[Old Irish]] ''áed'', [[Welsh language|Welsh]] ''aidd'' 'ardour'), ultimately from [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''*h₂eydʰos'' ('firewood'; cf. [[Sanskrit]] ''édhas'' 'bonfire', [[Latin]] ''aedes'' 'building, temple').{{Sfn|Delamarre|2003|p=35}}{{Sfn|Matasović|2009|p=51}}