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[[File:Boians.png|thumb|right|300px|A depiction of the relative movements and conflicts of the Boii, including those with the Dacians and Julius Caesar.]]
From around 61 BC Burebista began to lead a series of campaigns of conquest against neighbouring tribes and clans.{{sfn|Bunson|2014|page=165}} In 60/59{{nbsp}}BC he defeated and conquered the [[Boii]], who were led by [[Critasiros]], and the [[Taurisci]] tribes dwelling in the Middle Danube, in modern [[Bohemia]] and [[Slovakia]].{{sfn|Pippidi|1976|pages=116–117}}{{sfn|Phang|Spence|Kelly|Londey|2016|page=745}}{{sfn|Koch|n.d.|page=550}} The Boii had established a tribal presence in the areas now occupied by eastern Austria and south-western Slovakia and Hungary sometime in 75–50{{nbsp}}BC. The Boii extended their influence eastward towards modern day Bratislava, Slovakia around 64–63{{nbsp}}BC. It is these Boii tribes east of the Alps that came into conflict with the Dacians and were heavily defeated in 50–40{{nbsp}}BC.{{sfn|Koch|n.d.|page=225}}[[File:
These conquests were followed by the destruction of the [[Bastarnae]] peoples.{{sfn|Bunson|2014|page=165}} Similarly, Burebista conquered a tribe that Strabo describes as living among the [[Illyrians]] and Thracians{{snd}}most likely the [[Scordisci]]{{snd}}while simultaneously conducting raids throughout Thrace, [[Roman Macedonia]], and [[Illyria]].{{sfn|Bunson|2014|page=165}}{{sfn|Mugnai|2016|page=4}}
[[File:
====Capture of Greek cities====
{{see also|Greek colonies in Dacia|Pontic Greeks}}
Beginning around 55 BC Burebista annexed the Greek cities on the coast of the Black Sea, occupying the Greek fortresses from [[Pontic Olbia|Olbia]] to [[Apollonia, Thrace|Apollonia]], as well as the Danubian plain all the way to the Balkans.{{sfn|Hitchins|2014|page=7}}{{sfn|Pippidi|1976|pages=116–117}}{{sfn|Mugnai|2016|page=4}} These conquered cities were: Olbia, [[Tyras]], [[Histria (ancient city)|Histria]], [[Tomis (ancient city)|Tomis]], [[Callatis]], [[Varna, Bulgaria|Odessos]], [[Messembria]], Apollonia, and [[Dionysupolis|Dionysopolis]].{{sfn|Mugnai|2016|page=4}} Dionysopolis, however, enjoyed good relations with Burebista.{{sfn|Pippidi|1976|pages=116–117}} An inscription dating to 48{{nbsp}}BC found in Dionysopolis and in honour of [[Akornion of Dionysopolis]] describes Akornion as the "first and greatest friend" of Burebista.{{sfn|Oltean|2007|page=47}} Akornion was sent as an ambassador to Pompey to claim the title of "king of kings" for Burebista to be used within the Hellenistic kingdoms of the Balkans and the Near East.{{sfn|Oltean|2007|page=47}}[[File:Dacian_Kingdom_under_Burebista_Remastered.png|thumb|right|alt=Dacia under Burebista|The Dacian kingdom under Burebista and
===Caesar's civil war===
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==Dacia after Burebista==
{{see also|Domitian's Dacian War|Trajan's Dacian Wars|Roman Dacia|Free Dacians}}
[[File:Dacia_evolution_from_Burebista_to_Decebalus.webm|thumb|right|alt=Dacia|The territorial evolution of Dacia from Burebista to Decebalus]]
In the time following Burebista's death, and between the rule of Tiberius and the rule of Domitian, Dacian activity was minimal.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=10}} The Dacians were forced into a defensive state where their main activity was keeping the Romans out of Dacian territories.{{sfn|Middleton|2015|page=223}} The regional factions that remained posed no substantial threat to the Roman empire, and Roman sources stop mentioning plans for Roman invasions during this time.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=10}} Dacian power resurged during the reigns of [[Duras (Dacian king)|Duras]]{{snd}}who reigned 68–87{{nbsp}}AD{{nbsp}}and peaked during the reign of [[Decebalus]]{{snd}}who reigned from 85/87-106{{nbsp}}AD.{{sfn|Middleton|2015|page=223}}{{sfn|Hitchins|2014|page=8}} By this time the Dacian tribes had united once more, under the rule of Decebalus, and again posed a threat to Rome.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=11}}
[[File:Dacia_under_Decebalus_Remastered.png|thumb|right|alt=Dacia under Decebalus|The Dacian Kingdom under Decebalus]]
Decebalus' reign saw nearly constant warfare between the Dacians and Roman administrations south of the Danube.{{sfn|Hitchins|2014|page=8}} Around 85{{nbsp}}AD raiding resumed in Moesia, Illyria, and Macedonia, culminating in the death of the Roman Governor of Moesia, [[Oppius Sabinius]].{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=11}} In response, Domitian launched a campaign the same year under the command of the Praetorian Prefect [[Cornelius Fuscus]]. Domitian ignored Decebalus' offer of peace, an error which caused the Romans to suffer a disastrous defeat, losing not only Fuscus, but his forces and the Roman standards and war machines.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=11}} A second expedition was launched in 88{{nbsp}}AD, this time under the command of [[Tettius Julianus]]. This second campaign was somewhat victorious as both sides suffered massive casualties in battle. However, revolts and defections forced Domitian to negotiate a hasty peace treaty with Decebalus in 89{{nbsp}}AD.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|page=11}}{{sfn|Hitchins|2014|page=8}} This peace had benefits and costs to both sides: Rome had to pay financial tributes and provide technological assistance to Dacia; in exchange, Dacia effectively became a client kingdom of Rome, acting as a bulkhead for the empire, separating Rome from other warring tribes.{{sfn|Schmitz|2005|pages=11–12}}{{sfn|Middleton|2015|page=223}}{{sfn|Hitchins|2014|page=8}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Burebista}}
[[Category:44 BC deaths]]
[[Category:
[[Category:1st-century BC monarchs in Europe]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
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