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Line 1: {{Short description\|Facility for atmospheric and radio research}} {{no footnotes\|date=February 2014}}▼ {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2022}} ▲{{noPrimary ~~footnotes~~sources\|date=February ~~2014~~2021}} {{Infobox Observatory}} The '''Chilbolton Observatory''' is a facility for atmospheric and radio research located on the edge of the village of [[Chilbolton]] near [[Stockbridge, Hampshire\|Stockbridge]] in [[Hampshire]], England. The facilities are run by the [[Science and Technology Facilities Council\|STFC]] Radio Communications Research Unit of the [[Rutherford Appleton Laboratory]] and form part of the [[Science and Technology Facilities Council]]. Line 5 ⟶ 8: == Overview == The Chilbolton Observatory operates many pieces of research equipment associated with [[radar]] propagation and [[meteorology]]. {{As of\|2007}}, these include:<ref>{{cite [web\|url=http://www.chilbolton.rl.ac.uk/facilities.htm]: \|title=Chilbolton Facilities \|publisher=Chilbolton.rl.ac.uk \|date=2011-03-10 \|access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref> * An [[S band]] Doppler [[weather radar]] with its distinctive, fully steerable, 25 metre (82') parabolic antenna. This equipment can be referred to as '''CAMRa''' ('''Chilbolton Advanced Meteorological Radar'''). * An [[L band]] Clear-air radar * A [[W band]] bistatic zenith radar Line 13 ⟶ 16: * Multiple [[rain gauge]]s The observatory also hosts the UK's [[Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR)\|LOFAR]] station. == Timeline of projects == * 1998 - CLARE'98 Cloud Lidar and Radar experiment,<ref>{{cite [web\|url=http://www.chilbolton.rl.ac.uk/clare.htm], \|title=Chilbolton Observatory \|date= \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061009093137/http://www.chilbolton.rl.ac.uk/clare.htm \|access-date=2021-02-23\|archive-date=2006-10-09 }}</ref> which eventually fed into the [[European Space Agency]] EarthCARE programme<ref>{{Cite [web \|url=http://www.esa.int/esaLP/LPearthcare.html] \|title=ESA - Living Planet Programme - EarthCARE \|access-date=7 January 2007 \|archive-date=12 January 2007 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112131849/http://www.esa.int/esaLP/LPearthcare.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2001 to 2004 - CLOUDMAP2<ref>{{cite [web\|url=http://www.cloudmap2.rl.ac.uk/ \|title=CLOUDMAP2 at CCLRC \|date= \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060510202214/http://www.cloudmap2.rl.ac.uk/] \|access-date=2021-02-23\|archive-date=2006-05-10 }}</ref> project to assist in [[Numerical weather prediction]] models * 2006 - Chilbolton Observatory joined forces with several European Space Agency sites to verify the L band radio transmissions from the [[GIOVE-A]] satellite<ref>{{cite [web\|url=http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEM21VMVGJE_Improving_0.html] \|title=ESA - GIOVE A transmits loud and clear \|publisher=Esa.int \|date=2005-12-28 \|access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref> * 2006 - [[Natural Environment Research Council\|NERC]] Cirrus and Anvils: European Satellite and Airborne Radiation measurements project * 2008 - In-Orbit Test (IOT) performed for GIOVE-B * 2008-9 - APPRAISE,<ref>{{cite [web\|url=http://ncasweb.leeds.ac.uk/appraise/ \|title=appraise - Home \|date= \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625103936/http://ncasweb.leeds.ac.uk/appraise/], \|access-date=2021-02-23\|archive-date=2009-06-25 }}</ref> during which the CAMRa and Lidar were used to direct airborne measurements in mixed-phase clouds * 2010 - [[Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR)\|LOFAR]] station UK608 constructed == History == [[File:Equipment rooms at Chilbolton Observatory - geograph.org.uk - 811894.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The equipment rooms at the Observatory]] Construction of Chilbolton Observatory started in 1963. It was built partially on the site of [[RAF Chilbolton]], which was decommissioned in 1946. Several sites around the south-east of England were considered for the construction. The site at Chilbolton, on the edge of [[Salisbury Plain]], was chosen in part because of excellent visibility of the horizon and its relative remoteness from major roads whose cars could cause interference. The facility was opened in April, 1967. ~~However, within~~Within several months of being commissioned the [[azimuth]] bearing of the antenna suffered a catastrophic failure. [[General Electric Company plc\|GEC]] were contracted to repair the bearing and devised a system to replace the failed part while leaving the 400 [[tonne]] dish ostensibly in-place. Originally, the antenna was engaged in [[Ku band\|K<sub>u</sub> band]] [[radio astronomy]], but now operates as a S and L band radar. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{commons category}}▼ ==External links== ▲{{~~commons~~Commons category}} * [http://www.chilbolton.rl.ac.uk/facilities.htm Chilbolton Observatory Facilities] retrieved May 17, 2006 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060510202214/http://www.cloudmap2.rl.ac.uk/ CLOUDMAP2 project homepage] Line 40 ⟶ 46: {{Major Scientific Research Facilities based in the United Kingdom}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Astronomical observatories in England]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Hampshire]] [[Category:~~LOFAR~~Low-Frequency Array]] [[Category:Research institutes in Hampshire]] [[Category:Science and Technology Facilities Council]] [[Category:Space Situational Awareness Programme]] [[Category:Test Valley]] [[Category:Weather radars]] [[Category:Meteorological observatories]]