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{{More citations needed|date=November 2009}}
{{Infobox Belgium municipality
| picture = Collage{{multiple van Dendermonde.jpgimage
| total_width = 280
| picture-legend = Dendermonde City Hall and Belfry
| border = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/2/1
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Dendermonde town hall and belfry during golden hour (DSCF0501).jpg
| caption1 = Town hall
| image2 = Gerechtsgebouw, Dendermonde (DSCF0521).jpg
| caption2 = Court building
| image3 = Dendermonde Mechelse Poort DSC 0175 bl.jpg
| caption3 = Brussels Gate
| image4 = Sint-Gertrudiskerk, Vlassenbroek (DSCF0527).jpg
| caption4 = Church of Saint Gertrude
| image5 = Station Dendermonde Gebouw.jpg
| caption5 = Station building
| image6 = Belgium - Dendermonde - Grote Markt - 01.jpg
| caption6 = Marketplace
}}
| picture-legend =
| name = Dendermonde
| namefr = Termonde
| map = Dendermonde East-Flanders Belgium Map.svg
| map-legend = Location of Dendermonde in [[East Flanders]]
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| foreigners=1.52
| foreigners-date = 01/07/2005
| mayor = {{Ill|PietLeen BuyseDierick|nl}} ([[Christian Democratic and Flemish|CD&V]])
| majority = [[Christian Democratic and Flemish|CD&V]], [[New Flemish Alliance|N-VA]]
| postal-codes = 9200
Line 27 ⟶ 45:
| coordinates = {{coord|51|02|N|04|06|E|region:BE|display=inline,title}}
|imagesize=250px}}
'''Dendermonde''' ({{IPA-|nl|ˌdɛndərˈmɔndə|-|Nl-Dendermonde.ogg}}; {{lang-langx|fr|link=no|Termonde}}, {{IPA-|fr|tɛʁmɔ̃d}}) is a city in the [[Flemish Region|Flemish]] [[Provinces of Belgium|province]] of [[East Flanders]] in [[Belgium]]. The [[Municipalities of Belgium|municipality]] comprises the city of Dendermonde and the towns of [[Appels]], [[Baasrode]], [[Grembergen]], [[Mespelare]], [[Oudegem]], [[Schoonaarde]], and [[Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde]]. Dendermonde is at the mouth of the river [[Dender]], where it flows into the [[Scheldt]]. The town has a long-standing folkloric feud with [[Aalst, Belgium|Aalst]], south along the same river, which dates from the [[Middle Ages]].
 
The city is an administrative, commercial, educational, and medical centre for the surrounding region. The current mayor of Dendermonde is [[PietLeen BuyseDierick]] ([[Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams|Christian Democratic and Flemish]]).
 
==History==
 
===Origins to the 15th century===
SomeThe interestingregion of the [[Scheldt]] was inhabited in prehistory, as proven by some [[La Tène culture|La Tène]] artifacts were found in Appels, proof that this region of the [[ScheldtAppels]] was inhabited in prehistory. Grave sites from the 2nd and 6th century also attest to dense settlement in [[Gallo-Roman]] and [[Merovingian]] times. In 843, the [[Treaty of Verdun]] placed Dendermonde in [[Lotharingia]]. After the [[Normans|Norman]] invasions of 883, however, [[Baldwin II of Flanders|Baldwin II]] took over the region and incorporated it into the [[Germany|German]] part of the newly founded [[County of Flanders]].
 
[[Otto II]] built a fort here in the 10th century, encouraging further settlements in the area. The town received its city [[charter]] in 1233 and grew quickly after that, thanks to a thriving cloth industry. Several cloisters, chapels and churches, and a fortified defensive wall were built as well. A cloth hall and belfry were erected on the market square in the mid 14th century. The town's prosperity, however, gave rise to severe competition with cities such as [[Ghent]] and to occasional attacks and plunders by neighbours. In 1384, the whole area came under the control of the Valois dukes of [[Duchy of Burgundy|Burgundy]].
 
===16th to 20th century===
[[File:Dendermonde, Belgium ; Ferraris Map.jpg|thumb|left|Dendermonde on the [[Ferraris map]] (around 1775)]]
[[File:Belgium 1920 124 Dendermonde.jpg|thumb|Dendermonde's Stadhuis depicted on a 1920 stamp]]
The 16th century saw a decline in Dendermonde's fortunes. In 1572 Dendermonde was conquered by [[William the Silent]]. The same year however [[Spain|Spanish]] troops under Duke [[Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma|Alexander Farnese]] of [[Duchy of Parma|Parma]], took over the city, looted and mostly destroyed it. A decade later, the Spaniards built their own fortress between the Dender and the Scheldt. In 1667, it was France's turn, under [[Louis XIV]], to advance on the city, but they were turned back when the defenders opened the dikes and flooded the countryside.<ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Termonde|volume=26|page=645}}</ref> The allied troops of the [[Netherlands]] and [[England]], under the [[John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough|Duke of Marlborough]], caused the heaviest damage in 1706. The city was then fortified by the [[Austria]]ns against further French ambitions. After a last siege by [[Louis XV]], the city could finally breathe to the point that the fortifications were dismantled a few decades later.▼
 
▲The 16th century saw a decline in Dendermonde's fortunes. In 1572, Dendermondethe city was conquered by [[William the Silent]]. The same year, however, [[Spain|Spanish]] troops under Duke [[Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma|Alexander Farnese]] of [[Duchy of Parma|Parma]], took over the city, looted and mostly destroyed it. A decade later, the Spaniards built their own fortress between the Dender and the Scheldt. In 1667, it was France's turn, under [[Louis XIV]], to advance on the city, but they were turned back when the defenders opened the dikes and flooded the countryside.<ref name="EB1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Termonde|volume=26|page=645}}</ref> The allied troops of the [[Netherlands]] and [[England]], under the [[John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough|Duke of Marlborough]], caused the heaviest damage in 1706. The city was then fortified by the [[Austria]]nsAustrians against further French ambitions. After a last siege by [[Louis XV]], the city could finally breathe to the point that the fortifications were dismantled a few decades later.
The second half of the 18th century was generally prosperous, with the advent of the [[Industrial Revolution]] and a local [[cotton]] industry. After 1800, the port facilities were modernized and the first railways were laid down, allowing other industries (oil, shoe, leather…) to move in.▼
 
▲The second half of the 18th century was generally prosperous, with the advent of the [[Industrial Revolution]] and a local [[cotton]] industry. After 1800, the port facilities were modernized and the first railways were laid down, allowing other industries (e.g. oil, shoe, leather…leather, etc.) to move in.
 
The onset of [[World War I]] in September 1914 was disastrous for the city as more than half of its housing and the city archives were either bombed or burned down.
 
=== 21st century ===
On August 19, 2006, 28 prisoners managed to escape Dendermonde prison.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nine escapees re-arrested after jail breakout |url=https://www.expatica.com/be/general/nine-escapees-re-arrested-after-jail-breakout-80543/ |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=Expatica Belgium |language=en}}</ref> Seven of them were captured within hours. A few were later found in Italy and Russia. They managed to escape because the lock was old and rusty. They simply walked away, tied all their sheets together, climbed over the wall, jumped on a phone booth and ran away.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}
 
On 23 January 2009, a 20-year-old Flemish man named Kim De Gelder [[Dendermonde nursery attack|attacked]] a children's daycare centre in the village of [[Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde]], stabbing three people to death and wounding as many as twenty. One of the school teachers and two babies, aged 8 and 9 months, died in the attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/belgium/4322233/Five-dead-in-knife-attack-at-Belgian-creche.html|title=Five dead in knife attack at Belgian creche|date=Jan 23, 2009|access-date= May 17, 2010|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> Italian singer [[Luciano Ligabue]] dedicated a song to the victims: {{Lang|it|Quando mi vieni a prendere? (Dendermonde 23/01/09)}}, in his 2010 album, {{Lang|it|Arrivederci, Mostro!}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ligachannel.com/?q=node/2323|title=Quando mi vieni a prendere? (Dendermonde 23/01/09)|access-date=May 17, 2010|date=April 26, 2010|work=Ligachannel|language=it}}</ref>▼
{{Main|Dendermonde nursery attack}}
▲On 23 January 2009, a 20-year-old Flemish man named Kim De Gelder [[Dendermonde nursery attack|attacked]] a children's daycare centre in the village of [[Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde]], stabbing three people to death and wounding as many as twenty. One of the school teachers and two babies, aged 8 and 9 months, died in the attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/belgium/4322233/Five-dead-in-knife-attack-at-Belgian-creche.html|title=Five dead in knife attack at Belgian creche|date=Jan 23, 2009|access-date= May 17, 2010|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> Italian singer [[Luciano Ligabue]] dedicated a song to the victims: {{Lang|it|Quando mi vieni a prendere? (Dendermonde 23/01/09)}}, in his 2010 album, {{Lang|it|Arrivederci, Mostro!}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ligachannel.com/?q=node/2323|title=Quando mi vieni a prendere? (Dendermonde 23/01/09)|access-date=May 17, 2010|date=April 26, 2010|work=Ligachannel|language=it}}</ref>
 
==Main sights==
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*The Butcher's Hall (Dutch: Vleeshuismuseum), a museum with an archeological and historical collection. From the prehistory of the region to the 21st century
*The Church of Our Lady (Dutch: Onze Lieve-Vrouwekerk) with two paintings by [[Anthony van Dyck]]
*The [[béguinage]] is a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] since 1998.<ref name = "unesco1">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/855 |title = Flemish Béguinages |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 6 November 2021}}</ref>
*The [[Belfries of Belgium and France|city hall and belfry]] have also been designated a World Heritage Site since 1999.<ref name = "unesco2">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/943 |title= Belfries of Belgium and France |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 5 November 2021}}</ref> The belfry houses a [[carillon]] and was formerly part of the Cloth Hall.
*The [[Dendermonde Abbey]], a [[Benedictine]] abbey famous for its library containing an original manuscript of [[Hildegard of Bingen]], called the '[[Dendermonde Codex]]'.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/bljde_20130731_001|title = Dendermonde Codex in doctoraatsthesis|language=NL|newspaper=[[Het Nieuwsblad]]}}</ref>
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<gallery>
File:Begijnhof1.jpg|Dendermonde beguinage
ImageFile:Dendermonde, torengebouw op de Grote Markt met panden foto5 2010-10-09 14.56.JPG|Monumental building: het Vleeshuis
ImageFile:Dendermonde,_stadhuis_en_monumentale_panden_op_Grote_Markt_foto2_2010 stadhuis en monumentale panden op Grote Markt foto2 2010-10-09_1409 14.59.jpg|Market square with pubs and town hall
File:BrusselsePoort.JPG|Brussels Gate
File:Dendermonde OLV kerkbaptismal font 01.JPG|[[Tournai font]] in the Onze Lieve-Vrouwekerk
Gerechtsgebouw,File:Belgium - Dendermonde (DSCF0521)- Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk - 02.jpg|The courthouseChurch of Our Lady (Onze Lieve-Vrouwekerk)
File:Belgium_-_Dendermonde_-_Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk_-_02.jpg|The Church of Our Lady (Onze Lieve-Vrouwekerk)
</gallery>
 
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Dendermonde is home to [[Rugby Union]] club [[Dendermondse Rugby Club|Dendermondse RC]], champions of the [[Belgian Elite League]] in the 2011/12 season.
 
==PeopleNotable people==
[[File:Polydore de Keyser, Vanity Fair, 1887-11-26.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Polydore de Keyser]], Vanity Fair, 1887]]
[[File:Guy Verhofstadt June 2021 (cropped).jpg|thumb|140px|[[Guy Verhofstadt]], 2021]]
*[[Vanessa Chinitor]] (born 1976), singer, born in Dendermonde
*[[Rosiana Coleners]], poetess (cca.1500–second1500–after half1571), of the 16th century)poetess
*[[Franz Courtens]] (1854–1943), painter, born in Dendermonde
*[[Polydore de Keyser]] (1832–1898), Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London in, 1887/8▼
*[[Laurens De Bock]] (born 1992), footballer▼
▲*[[Polydore de Keyser]], Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London in 1887
*[[Alwin de Prins]] (born 1978), competitive swimmer▼
*[[Pierre-Jean De Smet]] (1801–1873), missionary among Native Americans
*[[Geert De Vlieger]] (born 1971), [[Belgium national football team|Belgian international]] soccer player▼
*[[Jan De Vos (politician)|Jan De Vos]] (1844–1923), mayor of [[Antwerp]]
*[[Philippe Geubels]] (born 1981), stand-up comedian
*[[Emmanuel Hiel]], poet and prose writer (1834–1899)
*[[Thomas Kaminski]] [[Belgium national football team|Belgian international]] goalkeeper▼
*[[Kim Kay]] (pseudonym of Kim Van Hee) (born 1978), Belgian singer, born in Dendermonde
*[[Willem Kerricx]], sculptor (1652–1719), sculptor
*[[Fernand Khnopff]], painter (1858–1921), painter
*[[Clément Loret]] (1833–1909), organist and composer, naturalized French
*[[Caroline Maes]] (born 1982), tennis player▼
*[[Johannes Ockeghem]] (c. 1410–1497), composer, said to be born in Dendermonde
*[[Bob Straetman]] (born 1997), footballer▼
*[[Ivo Van Damme]] (1954–1976), middle distance runner▼
*[[James Oliver Van de Velde]] (1795–1855), bishop of [[Bishopric of Chicago|Chicago]] and, later, of Mississippi
*[[Michael Pauluzen Van der Voort]] (cca. 1615–1690), early resident of [[New Amsterdam]]▼
*[[Pat Van Den Hauwe]] (born 1960), [[Wales national football team|Welsh international]] soccer player▼
▲*[[Michael Pauluzen Van der Voort]] (c. 1615–1690), early resident of [[New Amsterdam]]
*[[Annelies Verbeke]] (born 1976), author
*[[Frans Verhas]] (cca. 1827{{snd}}cca. 1897), painter
*[[Jan Verhas]] (1834–1886), painter
*[[Dirk Verhofstadt]] (born 1955), political scientist, born and raised in Dendermonde, brother of Guy Verhofstadt
*[[Guy Verhofstadt]] (born 1953), former Belgian prime minister, born and raised in Dendermonde, brother of Dirk Verhofstadt
*[[Remi Vermeiren]] (born 1940), businessman, born in Dendermonde
*[[Cornelis Columbanus Vrancx]], writer (1529–1615), writer
=== Sport ===
▲*[[Laurens De Bock]] (born 1992), footballer
▲*[[Alwin de Prins]] (born 1978), competitive swimmer
▲*[[Geert De Vlieger]] (born 1971), [[Belgium national football team|Belgian international]] soccer player
▲*[[Thomas Kaminski]] (born 1992), [[Belgium national football team|Belgian international]] goalkeeper
▲*[[Caroline Maes]] (born 1982), tennis player
▲*[[Bob Straetman]] (born 1997), footballer
▲*[[Ivo Van Damme]] (1954–1976), middle distance runner
▲*[[Pat Van Den Hauwe]] (born 1960), [[Wales national football team|Welsh international]] soccer player
 
== Twin cities ==
 
*{{flagicon|NLD}} [[Geldrop]], [[Netherlands]]
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Nienburg, Lower Saxony|Nienburg]], [[Germany]]
*{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Blagoevgrad]], [[Bulgaria]]
*{{Flagicon|ROM}} [[Târgu Neamț]], [[Romania]]
 
==See also==
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{{Geographic location
|Centre = Dendermonde
|North = [[Hamme, Belgium|Hamme]]
|East = [[Hamme, Belgium|Hamme]]
|Southeast = [[Buggenhout]]
|South = [[Aalst, Belgium|Aalst]], [[Lebbeke]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendermonde"