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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}▼
{{
▲{{short description|Italian painter (1457-1504)}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Filippino Lippi
| image = Filippino Lippi 007.jpg
| image_size = 180px
| caption = Self-portrait
| birth_name = Filippo Lippi
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Prato]], [[Republic of Florence]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1504|4|18|1457|4|15|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Florence]], Republic of Florence
| nationality = [[Italians|Italian]]
| known_for =
| training = [[Filippo Lippi]]
| movement = [[Italian Renaissance]]
| notable_works = ''[[Apparition of the Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard]]''<br>''[[Adoration of the Magi (Filippino Lippi)|Adoration of the Magi]]''
| patrons =
| awards =
}}
[[Image:Bernardo claraval filippino lippi.jpg|right|thumb|280px|''[[Apparition of The Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of The Virgin to St. Bernard]]'' (1485–1487).]]▼
[[Image:Filippino Lippi 001.jpg|thumb|280px|right|''Allegory of Music'' (c. 1500), tempera on panel, 61 × 51 cm. Gemaldegalerie, Berlin, Germany.]]▼
[[Image:Filippino Lippi (ca. 1457–1504) - Mystiek huwelijk van de heilige Catharina (1501) - Bologna San Domenico - 25-04-2012 15-19-08.JPG|thumb|280px|''Mystic Wedding of St Catherine Virgin and Martyr'' (1501) [[Basilica of San Domenico]], Bologna, Italy]]▼
▲[[Image:Bernardo claraval filippino lippi.jpg|right|thumb|280px|''[[Apparition of The Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of The Virgin to St. Bernard]]'' (1485–1487)
'''Filippino Lippi''' (April 1457 – 18 April 1504) was an Italian painter working in [[Florence]], Italy during the later years of the [[Early Renaissance]] and first few years of the [[High Renaissance]].▼
▲[[Image:Filippino Lippi 001.jpg|thumb|280px|right|''Allegory of Music'' (c. 1500), tempera on panel, 61 × 51 cm. Gemaldegalerie, Berlin, Germany
▲'''Filippino Lippi''' (
==Biography==▼
He worked in oils, [[tempera]] and fresco, mostly painting religious subjects, with a few portraits and secular allegories or scenes from classical mythology.
His first works greatly resemble those of Botticelli, but with less sensitivity and subtlety. The very first ones (dating from 1475 onwards) were initially attributed to an anonymous "Amico di Sandro" ("Friend of Botticelli"). Eventually Lippi's style evolved into a more personal and effective one over the years 1480–1485. Works of the early period include: the ''Madonnas'' of Berlin, London and Washington, the ''Journeys of Tobia'' of the [[Galleria Sabauda]], Turin, the ''Madonna of the Sea'' of [[Galleria dell'Accademia]], Florence, and the ''Histories of Ester''.▼
▲== Biography ==
Together with [[Pietro Perugino|Perugino]], [[Domenico Ghirlandaio|Ghirlandaio]] and Botticelli, Lippi worked on the frescoed decoration of [[Lorenzo de' Medici]]'s villa at Spedaletto. On 31 December, 1482, he was commissioned to decorate a wall of the Sala dell'Udienza of [[Palazzo Vecchio]] in [[Florence]], a work never begun. Soon after, probably in 1483–84, he was called to complete [[Tommaso Masaccio|Masaccio]]'s decoration of the [[Brancacci Chapel]] in the [[church of Santa Maria del Carmine di Firenze|church of the Carmine]], that had been left unfinished at the artist's death in 1428. Here he painted ''Stories of Saint Peter'', in the following frescoes: ''Quarrel with Simon Magus in face of Nero'', ''Resurrection of the Son of Teophilus'', ''Saint Peter Jailed'', ''Liberation'' and ''Crucifixion of Saint Peter''.▼
Filippino Lippi was born, probably in 1457, at [[Prato]], [[Tuscany]],<ref>RKD, Treccani</ref> the illegitimate son to [[Lucrezia Buti]] and the painter [[Fra Filippo Lippi]]; both had broken clerical vows, and though after Filippino's birth they received a papal dispensation to marry (arranged by [[Lorenzo di Medici]]), [[Vasari]] says that they never did. His sister Alessandra was born in 1465. Filippino first trained under his father in his workshop.
They moved to [[Spoleto]], where Filippino served as workshop assistant during the construction of [[Spoleto Cathedral]]. When his father died in 1469, Filippino was aged twelve and among the assistants to his father who completed the [[frescoes]] with ''Storie della Vergine'' ("[[Life of the Virgin]]") in the cathedral.
Lippi's work on the Sala degli Otto di Pratica, in the [[Palazzo Vecchio]], was completed on 20 February, 1486.<ref name="Rowlands, Eliot W. 2003">Rowlands, Eliot W., and Marilyn Bradshaw. "Lippi family." Grove Art Online. 1 January 2003. Oxford University Press.</ref> It is now in the [[Uffizi|Uffizi Gallery]]. At about this time, Piero di Francesco del Pugliese asked him to paint the altarpiece with the ''[[Apparition of the Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard]]'', which is now in the [[Badia Fiorentina]], Florence. This is Lippi's most popular picture: a composition of unreal items, with its very particular elongated figures, backed by a phantasmagorical scenario of rocks and almost anthropomorphic trunks. The work is dated to 1485–1487.<ref name="Rowlands, Eliot W. 2003"/>▼
He later completed his apprenticeship in the workshop of [[Sandro Botticelli|Botticelli]], who also had been a pupil of Filippino's father. In the 1472 records of the Painters' [[guild]] it is noted that Botticelli had only Filippino Lippi as an assistant, who was living in his master's house. The two artists often worked together on the same project. The shared works include the panels from a dismantled pair of ''[[Cassone|cassoni]]'', now divided among the [[Louvre]], the [[National Gallery of Canada]], the [[Musée Condé|Musée Condé in Chantilly]], and the Galleria Pallavicini in Rome.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nelson|first=Jonathan Katz|date=2009|title="Botticelli" or "Filippino"? How to Define Authorship in a Renaissance Workshop|journal=Sandro Botticelli and Herbert Horne: New Research|pages=137–167}}</ref> Works by Botticelli and Filippino from these years include many paintings of the ''Madonna and Child'' which are often difficult to distinguish from one another.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nelson|first=Jonathan Katz|date=2009|title="Botticelli" or "Filippino"? How to Define Authorship in a Renaissance Workshop|journal=Sandro Botticelli and Herbert Horne: New Research|pages=137–167}}</ref>
▲[[Image:Filippino Lippi (ca. 1457–1504) - Mystiek huwelijk van de heilige Catharina (1501) - Bologna San Domenico - 25-04-2012 15-19-08.JPG|thumb|280px|''Mystic Wedding of St Catherine
▲His
Together with [[Pietro Perugino|Perugino]] (another pupil of his father), [[Domenico Ghirlandaio|Ghirlandaio]], and Botticelli, Lippi worked on the decoration of [[Lorenzo de' Medici]]'s villa at Spedaletto. On 31 December 1482, he was commissioned to decorate a wall of the Sala dell'Udienza of [[Palazzo Vecchio]] in [[Florence]], a work never begun.
▲
▲Lippi's work on the Sala degli Otto di Pratica, in the [[Palazzo Vecchio]], was completed on 20 February
Later, he worked for Tanai de' Nerli in Florence's [[Santo Spirito, Florence|Santo Spirito]] church.
On 21 April
Filippino depicted his characters in a landscape
In 1488, Lippi went to [[Rome]], where [[Lorenzo de' Medici]] had advised Cardinal [[Oliviero Carafa]] to entrust him with the decoration of the [[Carafa Chapel|family chapel]] in [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]].
[[File:Filippino Lippi, Adorazione dei Magi, 1496, 01.jpg|thumb|309x309px|[[Adoration of the Magi (Filippino Lippi)|Adoration of the Magi]] (1496) tempera grassa on wood, [[Uffizi]], Italy]]
Lippi's
He also worked
▲Lippi's return to Florence took place—the date is disputed—at some time between 1491 and 1494. Works of this period include: ''[[Apparition of Christ to Madonna|Apparition of Christ to the Virgin]]'' (c. 1493, now in [[Munich]]), ''[[Adoration of the Magi (Filippino Lippi)|Adoration of the Magi]]'' (1496, for the church of San Donato in Scopeto, now in the [[Uffizi]]), ''Sacrifice of Laocoön'' (end of the century, for the villa of [[Lorenzo de' Medici]] at Poggio a Caiano), ''St. John Baptist and Maddalena'' (Valori Chapel in San Procolo, Florence, inspired to some way extent by [[Luca Signorelli]]'s art).
Lippi's final work was the
▲He also worked outside the area of his home city, on the Certosa, or Chapterhouse, in [[Pavia]] and in [[Prato]], where in 1503 he completed the ''Tabernacle of the Christmas Song'', now in the City Museum; in 1501 Lippi painted the ''Mystic Wedding of St. Catherine'' for the [[Basilica of San Domenico]] in [[Bologna]].
He died on 18 April 1504, at age forty-seven. Because of Lippi's fame and reputation, on the day of his burial all the workshops of the city closed in his honor.
▲Lippi's final work was the ''[[Deposition (Annunziata)|Deposition]]'' for the Santissima Annunziata church, Florence, which at his death in April 1504 was unfinished.
== Modern reception ==
== Major works ==
* ''
* ''The [[
* ''[[Tobias and the Angel (Filippino Lippi)|Tobias and the Angel]]'' (c. 1480)<small>—Tempera on panel, 33 × 23 cm, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.</small>
* ''[[Three Angels with Young Tobias]] ''(1485)<small>—Oil on panel, 100 × 127 cm, [[Galleria Sabauda]], [[Turin]]</small>
* ''
* ''
* ''
* ''
* ''[[Apparition of the Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard]]'' (1486)<small>—Oil on panel, 210 × 195 cm, [[Badia Fiorentina|Church of Badia]], Florence
* ''[[
* ''[[
* ''
* ''
* ''[[Adoration of the Magi (Filippino Lippi)|Adoration of the Magi]]'' (1496)<small>—Oil on
* ''
* ''[[Allegory
* ''Allegory of Music (Erato) * ''Crucifixion'', c. 1501<small>— tempera on panel, 31.2 × 23.4 cm, Museo Civico,
* ''[[Marriage of St. Catherine (Filippino Lippi)|Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine]]'' (c. 1501–1503)<small>—Panel, [[Basilica di San Domenico]], [[Bologna]]</small>
* ''Madonna and Child, St. Stefan and St. John the Baptist'' (1502–1503)<small>
* ''[[Deposition (Filippino Lippi)|Deposition]]'' (1504, finished by [[Perugino]] in 1507)<small>—Oil on panel, 333 × 218 cm,
== School works ==
Following works are permitted to be cited as Filippino's [[school work]]s.
* ''the Madonna, Child and St. John''<small>—[[Tondo (art)|tondo]], [[House of Keglević|Keglevich]] collection, [[Budapest]],</small><ref>Gábor Térey, [[The Burlington Magazine]], page 183, L., 1927.</ref>
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* ''St. Anthony Abbot''<small>—[[Florence]]</small><ref name="G. Bernardini" />
== Gallery ==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" caption="Works and details">
File:Filippino, morte di lucrezia.JPG|''Death of Lucretia'' (
File:Filippino Lippi - The Coronation of the Virgin (detail) - WGA13070.jpg |The ''[[Coronation of the Virgin]]'' (detail) (c. 1480)<br>Tempera on panel, 90.2 × 223 cm, [[National Gallery of Art]], [[Washington, D.C.]]
File:Filippino, annunciazione e santi, capodimonte.jpg | ''[[Annunciation with St John the Baptist and St Andrew|Annunciation with St. John the Baptist and St. Andrew]]'', c. 1485
File:Filippino lippi, apparizione, 05.jpg | ''[[Apparition of the Virgin to St Bernard (Filippino Lippi)|Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard]]'' (detail) (1486)<br>Oil on panel, 210 × 195 cm, Church of Badia, Florence
File:Filippino lippi, apparizione, 01.jpg | ''Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard'' (detail)
File:Filippino lippi, apparizione, 03.jpg | ''Apparition of the Virgin to St. Bernard'' (detail)
File:Filippino lippi, Apparizione di Cristo alla Madonna 02.JPG | ''[[Apparition of Christ to the Virgin]]'' (
File:Filippino Lippi - anjos sala degli Otto 2-1.jpg |Angel (detail), Retábulo da Sala Degli Otto, Florence
File:Filippino Lippi Santo Spirito.jpg | ''[[Madonna with Child and Saints (Filippino Lippi)|Madonna with Child and Saints]]'' (c. 1488)<br>Oil on wood, Santo Spirito, Florence
</gallery>
== See also ==
* [[Brancacci Chapel]]
* [[Carafa Chapel]]
* [[Santa Maria Novella|Strozzi Chapel]]
== Notes ==
{{reflist}}
== References ==
*[[Martin Davies (museum director)|Davies, Martin]], ''The Earlier Italian Schools'', National Gallery Catalogues, 1961, reprinted 1986, {{ISBN|0901791296}}
* ''The Development of the Italian Schools of Painting'', Volume 12, p. 371ff., Raimond van Marle, Hacker Art Books, New York 1970.
== Further reading ==
* [[Paul George Konody]], ''[https://archive.org/details/filippinolippi00konorich/page/n9/mode/2up Filippino Lippi]'' (George Newnes, Ltd., 1905).
=== Historical novels ===
* Linda Proud, ''A Tabernacle for the Sun'' (Godstow Press, 2005), a literary novel set in Florence during the Pazzi Conspiracy, adheres closely to known facts. Filippino features as the closest friend of the narrator, Tommaso dei Maffei, here and in the following two novels of The Botticelli Trilogy.
* Linda Proud, ''Pallas and the Centaur'' (Godstow Press, 2004), deals with the aftermath of the Pazzi Conspiracy and Lorenzo de' Medici's strained relations with his wife and with Poliziano.
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* Linda Proud, ''A Gift for the Magus'' (Godstow Press, 2012), a novel about Fra Filippo Lippi and Cosimo de' Medici. Features Filippino's birth and childhood.
== External links ==
{{Commons-inline|Paintings by Filippino Lippi}}
* [http://www.officinapratese.com Exhibition ''Da Donatello a Lippi. Officina Pratese''] at Museo Civico di Palazzo Pretorio in [[Prato]] (September 2013
* [http://www.virtualuffizi.com/uffizi1/artista.asp?Autore=Filippino+Lippi Works of Filippino Lippi] at the [[Uffizi|Uffizi Gallery]] in [[Florence]]
* {{CathEncy|wstitle=Filippino Lippi|author=Louis Gillet}}
* {{cite EB1911|
*[https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1488.html Filippino Lippi at the National Gallery of Art]
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[[Category:16th-century Italian painters]]
[[Category:Italian Renaissance painters]]
[[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Painters from Tuscany]]
[[Category:People from Prato]]
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