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'''Gabre Heard'''<ref>[http://www.waagacusub.com/images/gabre.jpg General Gabre Heard, Photo]{{Dead link|date=December 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> or '''Gebre Heard''', ([[né]] '''Gebregziabher Alemseged Abraha''',<ref>{{Cite web|last=Somaliinfo|date=2018-11-16|title=Col. Gebre arrested for human rights abuse in Somalia|url=https://somaliinfo.com/col-gebre-arrested-for-human-rights-abuse-in-somalia/|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Somali Info|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ethiopia: Col. Gebregziabher Alemseged "Gen. Gebre" arrested as search continues on corruption suspects – The Ethiopian Satellite Television and Radio (ESAT)|url=https://ethsat.com/2018/11/ethiopia-col-gebregziabher-alemseged-gebre-dilla-arrested-as-search-continues-on-corruption-suspects/|access-date=2021-11-16|website=ethsat.com}}</ref> [[nom de guerre]] "'''Butcher of Mogadishu'''"),<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2018 |title=Somalia, arrestato generale Gabre, “il macellaio di Mogadiscio” |url=https://askanews.it/old/op.php?file=/esteri/2018/11/16/somalia-arrestato-generale-gabre-il-macellaio-di-mogadiscio-pn_20181116_00351 |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=[[ASCA (news agency)]] |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Osman |first=Jamal |date=2021-05-27 |title=TPLF loyalists should understand that selective justice is injustice |url=https://www.fanabc.com/english/tplf-loyalists-should-understand-that-selective-justice-is-injustice/ |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=[[Fana Broadcasting Corporate]] |language=en-US |quote=In Somalia, nicknamed as the butcher of Mogadishu, General Gebre and his TPLF soldiers killed tens of thousands of civilians.}}</ref> is a former [[Colonel]] in the [[Ethiopian National Defense Force]], top party official of the [[Tigray People's Liberation Front]], and the supreme commander of Ethiopian military forces in [[Somalia]]. He was in charge of military operations during the [[War in Somalia (2006–2009)|Ethiopian invasion and occupation of Somalia]] from 2006–2008, until his recall to Ethiopia following backlash from the Somali population for [[war crime]]s committed by forces under his command.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=18 Nov 2020 |title=Ethiopia: Arrest Warrant Issued For War Criminal General Gebre |url=https://www.geeskaafrika.com/ethiopia-arrest-warrant-issued-for-war-criminal-general-gebre/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118171158/https://www.geeskaafrika.com/ethiopia-arrest-warrant-issued-for-war-criminal-general-gebre/ |archive-date=18 November 2020 |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=[[Geeska Afrika (newspaper)|Geeska Afrika]]}}</ref> He was later accused of being responsible for war crimes in the [[Somali Region]] of Ethiopia.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=16 Nov 2018 |title=Ethiopia arrests notorious army colonel over suspicion of war crimes |url=http://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2018/nov/161149/ethiopia_arrests_notorious_army_colonel_over_suspicion_of_war_crimes.aspx |access-date=2024-06-27 |website=[[Hiiraan Online]] |language=en-US}}</ref> During the [[Tigray War]], the Ethiopian government accused Gabre of treason and issued a warrant for his arrest.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Zelalem |first=Zecharias |date=24 Nov 2020 |title=Ethiopian army castaways may expand TPLF’s fight past Mekelle |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/24/ethiopian-military-castaways-may-expand-tplfs-fight-past-mekele |access-date=2024-06-27 |website=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-30 |title=Ethiopia issues arrest warrant for Colonel who led deadly Somalia invasion |url=https://www.garoweonline.com/en/world/africa/ethiopia-issues-arrest-warrant-for-general-who-led-deadly-somalia-invasion |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=[[Garowe Online]] |language=en}}</ref>
Gabre headed Ethiopian military operations for a significant part of the Ethiopian invasion and occupation of Somalia from 2006–2009. Though he is often referred to as 'General Gabre', he held the ENDF rank as Colonel.<ref name=":0" /> He came to be a powerful figure in Somali politics,'''<ref name=":1" />'''<ref name=":3" /> reportedly employing spies throughout numerous Somali government institutions, including the [[National Intelligence and Security Agency]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Kenneded |first=Heikal I. |date=2 December 2015 |title=Who’s Afraid of General Gabre? |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/op4/2015/dec/102847/who_s_afraid_of_general_gabre.aspx |access-date=2024-08-25 |website=[[Hiiraan Online]] |language=en-US}}</ref> He has been criticized for the [[Ethiopia]]n military's indiscriminate use of heavy weapons in civilian areas, and the use of these weapons in retribution attacks on areas where insurgent forces are suspected to be operating, following attacks on Ethiopian forces. Many of Gabre Heard's critics have given him the [[nom de guerre]] "Butcher of Mogadishu."<ref name=":3" /> After being reportedly confronted by TFG president [[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed|Abdullahi Yusuf]] over indiscriminate shelling of neighborhoods in the capital, Gabre allegedly slapped him and held a pistol to his head.<ref name=":4" /> On 12 August 2008, General Gabre and an unnamed colonel were relieved of command and recalled to Ethiopia, in part for his failure to maintain order in Somalia, but also due to suspected killing and displacement of thousands of Somali civilians by his forces, and rumors of being involved in various financial scandals, which including blackmailing the Somali president, prime minister and various Somali businessmen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-08-13 |title=13/08/08 (B460) Press TV / L’Ethiopie rappelle le Général en Chef Gabre, commandant les forces éthiopiennes d’occupation en Somalie. Ethiopia recalls general from Somalia (Info lecteur / En Anglais) – ARDHD |url=https://www.ardhd.org/2008/08/13/13-08-08-b460-press-tv-lethiopie-rappelle-le-general-en-chef-gabre-commandant-les-forces-ethiopiennes-doccupation-en-somalie-ethiopia-recalls-general-from-somalia-info-lecteur-en-anglais/ |access-date=2024-08-19 |language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-08-04 |title=Ethiopia recalls top generals as Somalia rift deepens |url=https://www.ardhd.org/2008/08/04/04-08-08-b459-garowe-on-line-lethiopie-rappelle-immediatement-deux-generaux-de-son-armee-en-somalie-qui-ont-quitte-leur-commandement-selon-des-sources-le-president-du-gnt-les-aura-accuse-davo/ |access-date=2024-08-19 |language= |agency=[[Garowe Online]]}}</ref>
During the tenure of President [[Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed|Farmaajo]] in 2017, the Somali government formally requested the Ethiopian government remove Gabre from being in charge of Ethiopian affairs of Somalia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Caasimada |date=2017-06-16 |title=Gabre oo la ceyriyey iyo qaar kamid ah codsiyadii Farmaajo ee Ethiopia oo la fuliyay |url=https://www.caasimada.net/gabre-oo-la-ceyriyey-iyo-qaar-kamid-ah-codsiyadii-farmaajo-ee-ethiopia-oo-la-fuliyay/ |access-date=2024-06-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2018, Gabre was arrested by Ethiopian police to face charges for war crimes in the [[Somali Region]] (aka [[Ogaden]]). The year he was also dismissed from the [[Intergovernmental Authority on Development|IGAD]]. After complaints from Somali leaders about political interference.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2018 |title=Col. Gabre dismissed from IGAD |url=http://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2018/jun/158742/general_gabre_dismissed_from_igad.aspx |access-date=2024-06-27 |website=[[Hiiraan Online]] |language=en-US}}</ref> At the start of the [[Tigray War]] during November 2020, the Ethiopian government accused Gabre of treason and issued a warrant for his arrest.<ref name=":2" />
== References ==
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{{War in Somalia (2006–2009)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabre Heard}}
[[Category:Ethiopian generals]]
[[Category:Living people]]
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