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{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name =
| native_name =
| official_name =
| settlement_type = [[Special cities of Japan|Special city]]
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| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Hiratsuka
| image_flag = Flag of Hiratsuka, Kanagawa.svg
| flag_alt =
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| image_map = Hiratsuka in Kanagawa Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Hiratsuka in
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Kantō region|Kantō]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
<!-- established -->
| established_title = First official recorded
| established_date = late 3rd century
| established_title2 = Town settled
| established_date2 = April 1, 1889
| established_title3 = City settled
| established_date3 = April 1, 1932
| founder =
| named_for =
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<!-- population -->
| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total = 257,
| population_as_of = April 1,
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
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<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = City Symbols
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Cinnamomum camphora|Camphor Laurel]]
| blank2_name_sec1 =
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Dianthus]]
| blank3_name_sec1 =
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Egret]]
| blank4_name_sec1 =
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| blank1_info_sec2 = 9-1 Sengenchō, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa-ken 254-8686
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
[[file:Hiratsuka City Office 20150222.JPG|thumb|right|260px|Hiratsuka City Hall]]
{{Nihongo|'''Hiratsuka'''|平塚市|Hiratsuka-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] in [[Kanagawa Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2021|04|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 257,316 and a [[population density]] of 3800 persons per km².<ref name="Hiratsuka-hp">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.hiratsuka.kanagawa.jp/tokei/page-c_01771.html |title= Hiratsuka city official statistics|location= Japan|language= ja}}</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|67.88|sqkm|sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city.hiratsuka.kanagawa.jp/common/100066394.pdf|editor=Hiratsuka City Hall|title=Hiratsuka-shi Statistical Documentation|access-date=March 11, 2016|archive-date=April 13, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413170406/http://www.city.hiratsuka.kanagawa.jp/common/100066394.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Geography==
[[File:Shonandaira 2023 august 7 various 22 33 50 490000.jpeg|500px|thumb|left|Hiratsuka from Shonandaira (The left side is the north, the center is Hiratsuka TV Tower, and on the right in the rear is Sagami Bay and the mouth of the [[Sagami River]].)]]
Hiratsuka is located in the [[Shōnan|Shōnan area]] on the right bank (west side) of the [[Sagami River]], almost in the center of Kanagawa Prefecture, and faces [[Sagami Bay]] to the south. The area from the Sagami River to the Kaname River is a plain to the northern end of the city area, and the urban area extends to the south. The west side of the Kaname River is a hilly area that is part of the Oiso Hills, and there is a lot of greenery. It is approximately midway between [[Tokyo]] and [[Mount Fuji]].
===Surrounding municipalities===
Kanagawa Prefecture
*[[Atsugi, Kanagawa|Atsugi]]▼
*[[Chigasaki, Kanagawa|Chigasaki]]
*[[Hadano, Kanagawa|Hadano]]
▲*[[Atsugi, Kanagawa|Atsugi]]
*[[Isehara, Kanagawa|Isehara]]
*[[Samukawa, Kanagawa|Samukawa]]▼
*[[Nakai, Kanagawa|Nakai]]
*[[Oiso, Kanagawa|Oiso]]▼
*[[Ninomiya, Kanagawa|Ninomiya]]
▲*[[Oiso, Kanagawa|Oiso]]
▲*[[Samukawa, Kanagawa|Samukawa]]
===Climate===
Hiratsuka has a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Hiratsuka is 14.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2144 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.2 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.4 °C.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hiratsuka climate: Temperature Hiratsuka & Weather By Month |url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/kanagawa/hiratsuka-764643/ |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=en.climate-data.org}}</ref>
==Demographics==
Per Japanese census data,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hiratsuka (Kanagawa, Japan) – Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/kanagawa/_/14203__hiratsuka/ |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> the population of Hiratsuka grew rapidly during the late 20th century but has plateaued in the 21st.
{{Historical populations
| 1950 | 49,638
| 1960 | 108,279
| 1970 | 163,671
| 1980 | 214,293
| 1990 | 245,950
| 2000 | 254,633
| 2010 | 260,780
| 2020 | 258,422
|align = none
| footnote =
}}
==History==
The area around Hiratsuka has been settled since prehistoric times, and mention of the area as part of ancient [[Ōsumi District, Kanagawa|Ōsumi District]], [[Sagami Province]] is found in [[Nara period]] records. From the [[Heian period]] through [[Kamakura period]], the area was divided into ''[[shōen]]'' controlled by various [[samurai]] clans and in the [[Sengoku period]] was the site of several battles between the [[later Hōjō clan]] of Odawara and the [[Miura clan]]. After the defeat of the Odawara at the [[Siege of Odawara (1590)|Battle of Odawara]] by [[Hideyoshi Toyotomi]], the area came under the control of [[Ieyasu Tokugawa]], who built a summer palace (the ''Nakahara Goten'') in 1596 at the site now occupied by the Hiratsuka City Nakahara Elementary/Primary School. Hiratsuka was retained as ''[[tenryō]]'' territory after the establishment of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]], and flourished as [[Hiratsuka-juku]], a [[shukuba|post town]] on the [[Tōkaidō (road)|Tōkaidō]] connecting [[Edo]] with [[Kyoto]]. As the 7th station, it is often depicted in the series of [[ukiyo-e]] about the [[53 Stations of the Tōkaidō]] made among others by artists such [[Hokusai]] and [[Hiroshige]].
After the [[Meiji Restoration]], Hiratsuka town was founded on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the municipalities system, as part of the new [[Naka District, Kanagawa|Naka District]] within Kanagawa Prefecture. It merged with neighboring Suma Town on April 1, 1929, and was proclaimed Hiratsuka City on April 1, 1932.
Prior to [[World War II]], Hiratsuka was the location of the {{nihongo|[[Hiratsuka Navy Ammunitions Arsenal]]|平塚海軍火薬廠}} of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] and {{nihongo|[[Japan International Aircraft Industries]]|日本国際航空工業|}}, a [[Nissan]] group military aircraft factory. Hiratsuka was largely destroyed on July 16, 1945, during the [[Bombing of Hiratsuka in World War II]]. Due to its strategic location and wide beaches, it was also one of the targets for the [[Operation Downfall#Coronet|planned invasion of Japan]] during the final stages of World War II.
The city quickly rebuilt after the war, annexing several neighboring villages in the mid-1950s to attain its current area. The population exceeded 200,000 by 2001 and Hiratsuka became a [[Special cities of Japan|special city]] with increased autonomy from the central government. The current mayor is the independent Katsuhiro
==Government==
Hiratsuka has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city council of 26 members. Hiratsuka contributes three members to the Kanagawa Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Kanagawa 15th district of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].
==Economy==
Hiratsuka has a mixed economy, with tax revenue coming from bets made at the Shonan Bank Cycling Velodrome and, several industries located in industrial parks in the outskirts of town. Major plants are operated by [[Nissan Shatai]], [[Yokohama Rubber Company]], [[Canon
==Education==
Hiratsuka has 28 public elementary schools and 15 public middle schools operated by the city government. The city has five public high schools operated by the Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education and one private high school. The prefecture also operates four special education schools for the handicapped. A private junior college, the [[Tokai University Junior College of Nursing and Technology]] is located within Hiratsuka, which also has branch campuses of [[Kanagawa University]], [[Shoin University]] and [[Tokai University]].
==Transportation==
===Railway===
*
===Highway===
*{{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E85}}
*
*
*
*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|271}}, to [[Atsugi, Kanagawa|Atsugi]] or [[Odawara, Kanagawa|Odawara]] (toll)
*[[Shinshōnan Bypass]]
==Tourist attractions==
[[File:Hiratsuka Tanabata 2008 daytime-1.jpg|thumb|right|Hiratsuka Tanabata festival]]
*[[Tanabata]] festival
*[[Shonan Bellmare]] [[football (soccer)|football]] club, three-time Japanese champions based at [[Hiratsuka Athletics Stadium]]
*[[Kana Garden (Hiratsuka, Japan)|Kana Garden]]
*[[Hiratsuka Hachiman-gu]], Shinto shrine
*Hiratsuka Museum of Art
<gallery>
Hiratsuka MOA.JPG|Hiratsuka Museum of Art
Hiratsuka20100102 4.JPG|Hiratsuka Athletics Stadium
Yawatayamayoukan.jpg|Building of former Hiratsuka Navy Ammunitions Arsenal
</gallery>
==Sister cities==
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*{{
*{{
*{{
*{{
*{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Takayama, Gifu|Takayama]], [[Gifu Prefecture|Gifu]], Japan, since October 22, 1982
==Notable people from Hiratsuka==
*[[Izumi Sakai]] - singer, vocal of [[Zard]]▼
▲*[[Yukari Fukui]] - voice actress
*[[Lalla Hirayama]], [[Japanese people in South Africa|Japanese-born South African]] television host, [[actress]], [[dancer]] and [[Model (person)|model]]
▲*[[Yamanashi Hanzō]] - general, politician
*[[You Can't Do That on Television#Cast|Michael Hora]]
*[[Michiko Kawai]], actress
*[[Phongchi]] - Japanese idol of Vietnamese descent▼
*[[Yuki Kubota]], actress, model
*[[Kansuke Naka]], novelist, essayist
*[[Hokuto Shimoda]], professional [[Association football|football]] player
*[[Mitsunori Takaboshi]], racing driver
== References ==
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