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Line 8: '''Medicine''' is the [[science]]<ref>{{cite book \| last = Firth \| first = John \| title = Oxford textbook of medicine \| chapter = Science in medicine: when, how, and what \| publisher = Oxford University Press \| location = Oxford \| year = 2020 \| isbn = 978-0-19-874669-0 }}</ref> and [[Praxis (process)\|practice]]<ref>{{cite journal \|last=Saunders \|first=John \|title=The practice of clinical medicine as an art and as a science \|journal=Med Humanit \|volume=26 \|issue=1 \|pages=18–22 \|date=June 2000 \|pmid=12484313 \|doi=10.1136/mh.26.1.18 \|s2cid=73306806 \|url=\|doi-access=free \|pmc=1071282 }}</ref> of caring for patients, managing the [[diagnosis]], [[prognosis]], [[Preventive medicine\|prevention]], [[therapy\|treatment]], [[Palliative care\|palliation]] of their [[injury]] or [[disease]], and [[Health promotion\|promoting their health]]. Medicine encompasses a variety of [[health care]] practices evolved to maintain and restore [[health]] by the [[prevention (medical)\|prevention]] and treatment of [[illness]]. Contemporary medicine applies [[biomedical sciences]], [[biomedical research]], [[medical genetics\|genetics]], and [[medical technology]] to [[diagnosis (medical)\|diagnose]], treat, and prevent injury and disease, typically through [[pharmaceutical]]s or [[surgery]], but also through therapies as diverse as [[psychotherapy]], [[splint (medicine)\|external splints and traction]], [[medical device]]s, [[biologic medical product\|biologics]], and [[Radiation (medicine)\|ionizing radiation]], amongst others.<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/medicine \| title=Dictionary, medicine \| access-date=2 December 2013 \| archive-date=4 March 2016 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304154538/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/medicine \| url-status=live }}</ref> Medicine has been practiced since ~~HI MS. ALLEN'S CLASS!!!~~ [[Prehistoric medicine\|prehistoric times]], and for most of this time it was an [[art]] (an area of creativity and skill), frequently having connections to the [[religion\|religious]] and [[philosophy\|philosophical]] beliefs of local culture. For example, a [[medicine man]] would apply [[herbs]] and say [[prayer]]s for healing, or an ancient [[philosopher]] and [[physician]] would apply [[bloodletting]] according to the theories of [[humorism]]. In recent centuries, since the [[history of science\|advent of modern science]], most medicine has become a combination of art and science (both [[fundamental science\|basic]] and [[applied science\|applied]], under the [[umbrella term\|umbrella]] of '''medical science'''). For example, while stitching technique for [[surgical suture\|sutures]] is an art learned through practice, knowledge of what happens at the [[cytology\|cellular]] and [[molecular medicine\|molecular]] level in the tissues being stitched arises through science. Prescientific forms of medicine, now known as [[traditional medicine]] or ''folk medicine'', remain commonly used in the absence of scientific medicine and are thus called [[alternative medicine]]. Alternative treatments outside of scientific medicine with ethical, safety and efficacy concerns are termed [[quackery]].

Medicine: Difference between revisions