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On 7 August 1861, Min was born in to the [[Yeoheung Min clan]]. Min's father, Min Gyeom-ho (민겸호, 閔謙鎬) was the Minister of Finance (''Hojo''). Min Young-hwan passed the [[Gwageo]] literary examination in 1878 and thereupon entered into government service as a junior librarian in the Royal Library (Gyujanggak).{{Sfn|Finch|2002|p=4}}
Min continued to rise through the ranks of Joseon officialdom, holding a succession of posts including a position in the Office of Special Advisors (''Hongmungwan'' 弘文館) and tutor to the [[Sunjong of Korea|Crown Prince]].<ref name=":0" /> Min was one of the favorite officials of the [[Gojong of Korea|King]], and was posted to many important posts.{{Sfn|Yi|2014|p=103-106}} However, during the [[Imo Incident]], Min's father was killed by the followers of Daewongun. As a result, Min resigned his posts and went into mourning. His aversion of the ancient military systems also contributed to the leaving of Min.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=민영환(閔泳煥) - 한국민족문화대백과사전 |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Article/E0020206 |access-date=2021-12-13 |website=encykorea.aks.ac.kr}}</ref> In 1884, Min reentered public service and was appointed an official of the Board of Personnel (''Ijo'' 吏曹).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |title=이호준 등에게 관직을 제수하다 |url=https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_12208008_001 |access-date=2022-08-31}}</ref> In March 1886, Min, who was posted as Hyeoppan Naemubusa, was ordered to secure Korea's independence by borrowing Russia's influence to check Qing's increasing influence. With [[Gaehwa Party]], Min attempted to sign Second Choseon-Russia Secrete Agreement to achieve the King's will; however, this conspiracy was spotted by Min Young-ik, and [[Yuan Shikai]], leading [[Li Hongzhang]] to consider even the abdication of Korean king. Gojong's plan thus failed, and Gaewha politicians, such as [[Gim Ga-jin]] and Gim Hak-wu, were banished.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=독립기념관 |title=민영환 |url=https://search.i815.or.kr/dictionary/detail.do?searchWord=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&reSearchWord=&searchType=all&index=1&id=645}}</ref> At a young age, Min rose into power as Minister of Yejo in 1887, and Minister of Military in 1888 and 1890.<ref name=":13" /> In an attempt to build a modernized navy, Min established Choseon navy or Gi Yeon Hae Bang Young, and employed an American navy instructor to modernise the navy.<ref name=":10" /> In 1893, Min became the Justice Minister (刑曹判書),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |date=1 October 1893 |title=민영환을 형조 판서에 임명하다 |url=https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13011001_002 |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> and in November of that year, Min was appointed as Mayor of Seoul (漢城府判尹).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |date=23 November 1893 |title=민영환 등에게 관직을 제수하다 |url=https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13011023_002 |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> During the [[Donghak Peasant Revolution]], Min was appointed as Byeol Ip-jik on 14 September 1894 (Lunar Calendar).<ref>{{Cite web |last=동학농민혁명자료총서 |date=26 September 1894 |title=군국기무처 장정 1894년 6월 26일 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=prd&levelId=prd_024r_0010_0380&types=r
=== Portrait by Henry Savage-Landor ===
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=== Two Times of Visit to Europe ===
On 3 April 1896, Min was appointed as special minister to [[Russian Empire|Russia]] to participate in the coronation of [[Czar]] [[Nicholas II]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=조선·대한제국 관보 |date=3 April 1896 |title=赴俄公使閔泳煥隨員尹致昊參書官金得鍊金道一이本月一日上午八時에出發홈 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=345&totalCount=345&itemId=gbdh&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=13&levelId=gbdh_1896_04_03_a00290_00040&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND
# Guard for the protection of the King until the Corean army be drilled into a reliable force.
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# [[File:H.R.H. PRINCE MIN-YOUNG-HUAN of Korea sketch by A. Henry Savage-Landor.jpg|thumb|347x347px|Portrait sketch by A. Henry Savage-Landor (published 1895). The Prince was in mourning and secretly, with the King's permission, laid aside the mandatory white so he could be portrayed in blue robes.]]A loan of 3 million Yen to cancel the Japanese debt.
About these requests, Lobanov answered that they will answer as soon as possible.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Yun |first=Chi-ho |date=5 June 1896 |title=5th.Friday. Beautiful. A shower. |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=sa&levelId=sa_027_0020_0060_0020&types=o |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> On 13 June, Min got answers, from Lobanov which said that providing guards for the Korean King will not be possible because of predictable conflicts with English or German, but agreed with sending an economy instructor for paying off debt, establishing telephone lines and sending military inspectors.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yun |first=Chi-ho |date=13 June 1896 |title=13th.Saturday. Pleasant a.m. |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=sa&levelId=sa_027_0020_0060_0080&types=o |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> Even though Russia showed a half-hearted answer to Korea, Min was brought 13 Russian military instructors.{{Sfn|Yi|2014|p=107}} These instructors were contract workers of the Joseon Government with three years of service.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Imperial Russia Foreign Affairs Documents |title=교관들과의 계약안 |url=http://contents.nahf.or.kr/id/NAHF.kifr.d_0004_0100_0120 |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=contents.nahf.or.kr |language=ko}}</ref> After receiving answer from Lobanov, Min's delegation stayed in Russia until August and inspected Russian facilities, including military bases, courts, prisons, schools, and military bases.<ref>Bella Pak. Russian diplomacy and Korea.1888–1897. Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences,2004 . 271 p.</ref>{{Sfn|Yi|2014|p=|pp=107-108}} Then, they returned to Korea through Novgorod, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk, and Vladivostok, finally returning on 21 October 1896 and gave the letter of Nicholas II to Gojong in Russian legation.{{Sfn|Yi|2014|p=108}} Soon after his return, Min got interviewed by the [[Tongnip Sinmun]], in which he said that the trip to Europe made him a new man. He proclaimed that he would do anything for the reform of Korea.{{Sfn|Finch|2002|p=116-117}} Right after the journey, on 12 November 1896, Min was appointed as Lieutenant general and [[Ministry of Military (Korean Empire)|Minister of Military]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |title=이윤용을 농상공부 대신에, 민영환을 군부 대신에 임명하다 |url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13311012_003
Min received Russian military instructors on 26 October 1896.<ref>{{Cite web |last=French Ministry of Foreign Affairs Document |date=26 October 1896 |title=【114】 러시아 교관들을 지휘할 푸차타 대령의 서울 도착 |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=hk&levelId=hk_017r_0010_1140&types=r
On 11 January 1897, Min was again sent to Europe as Korean minister plenipotentiary to the [[Diamond Jubilee]] of [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=사료 고종시대사 |date=11 January 1897 |title=고종, 민영환을 영국 등 6개국의 특명전권공사로 임명함 |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=165&totalCount=165&itemId=sk&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&position=119&levelId=sk_021r_0010_0010_0100_0010&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND
=== Korean Empire and suicide ===
Upon his return to Korea, Min became a fervent supporter of the [[Independence Club]], and was interviewed by its newspaper ''The Independent'' (''Dongnip Sinmun'' 獨立新聞). Two diplomatic trips to Europe made Min to be deeply engage in [[Gwangmu Reform]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=우리역사넷 |title=민영환 |url=http://contents.history.go.kr/mobile/kc/view.do?levelId=kc_n400900&code=kc_age_40 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=contents.history.go.kr}}</ref> Despite he request many reforms, only some (mostly about military) were actually executed.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=민영환 - Encyves Wiki |url=http://dh.aks.ac.kr/Encyves/wiki/index.php/%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98 |access-date=2023-02-11 |website=dh.aks.ac.kr}}</ref> After [[Bak Jeongyang]] cabinet was formed, Min returned to the Korean politics as a Special official of Gungnaebu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=한국사 |title=(2) 排日親露政策의 擡頭 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=18&totalCount=18&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=oh&types=&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=oh_018_0010_0010_0020&position=2}}</ref> Then Min rose into the power by being appointed as Minister of Military and Interior on 12 October 1898.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last=공훈전자사료관 |title=민영환 |url=https://e-gonghun.mpva.go.kr/user/IndepCrusaderDetail.do?goTocode=20003&mngNo=1991 |access-date= |website=e-gonghun.mpva.go.kr}}</ref> Min initiated military reform, starting with ordering all officers and soldiers to wear military uniforms on 14 October 1898.<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 October 1898 |title=새로 피명한 군부대신 민영환씨가 |work=[[Jeguk Sinmun]] |url=https://nl.go.kr/newspaper/detail.do?content_id=CNTS-00068002400&from=%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%B8%20%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89}}</ref> On 5 November 1898, Min founded Heunghwa School arguing that people should import Western culture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=삼천리 제4권 제9호 |title=自叙傳 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=23&totalCount=23&itemId=ma&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=12&levelId=ma_016_0310_0060&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> On 4 December 1898, Min became Chamjung of [[State Council of Joseon|State Council of Korean Empire]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |title=의정부 참정에 민영환을 임용하였다 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A35_10A_21A_00090 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> and Minister of Economy on 20 December 1898.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |title=의정부찬정 학부대신에 의정부찬정 탁지부대신 박정양을 제수하라는 조령 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A35_11A_08A_00040&solrQ=query%E2%80%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98%20%ED%83%81%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80$solr_sortField%E2%80%A0$solr_sortOrder%E2%80%A0$solr_secId%E2%80%A0ST_AA$solr_toalCount%E2%80%A061$solr_curPos%E2%80%A024$solr_solrId%E2%80%A0BD_ITKC_ST_Z0_A35_11A_08A_00040 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> Min averred the reason why tax was not collected was because local officials are corrupted, and tried to stop the corruption of the local officials.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 January 1899 |title=탁지대신 민영환씨가 |work=[[Jeguk Sinmun]] |url=https://nl.go.kr/newspaper/detail.do?content_id=CNTS-00048154892&from=%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%B8%20%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89 |access-date=2022-08-14}}</ref> However, as the emperor started to oppress the liberal faction of Korea, Min, as a liberal politician, saw his positioned being threatened. Min lost his fell from the power and was replaced by conservative politicians.<ref>{{Cite web |last=신편한국사 |title=2) 독립협회·만민공동회의 강제 해산 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=38&totalCount=38&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=nh&types=&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=nh_041_0060_0020_0020&position=19}}</ref> On 15 March 1899, Min was appointed as envoy reside in America.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Records of the Japanese Legation in Korea |title=(14) [韓國의 現況報告] |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=jh&levelId=jh_013r_0100_0140&types=r}}</ref> On 19 February 1900, Min became head of accounting of the Board of Marshals,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |date=19 February 1900 |title=김규홍 등에게 관직을 제수하다 |url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13702019_007 |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> and for his service as the head of accounting of the Board of Marshals, Min received 1st Class of the [[Order of the Taegeuk]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=사료 고종시대사 |date=22 April 1900 |title=광무 황제, 청안군 이재순 등에게 서훈할 것을 명함 |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=165&totalCount=165&itemId=sk&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&position=150&levelId=sk_023r_0020_0040_0160_0030&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> He was posted as the military police commander from 2 August 1900,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |title=원수부 회계국 총장 육군 부장 민영환에게 헌병대 사령관을 겸임하게 하다 |url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13708002_001 |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> and on 9 August Min was appointed as President of the Awarding section.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |title=농상공부 대신 민병석에게 궁내부 대신의 사무를 임시로 서리하게 하다 |url=https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13708009_002 |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> In 1902, Min established Reform party with [[Yi Dong-hwi]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=근대사연표 |title=李東輝. 민영환, 改革黨 조직. |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=10&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=2&totalCount=2&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=tcmd&types=&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=tcmd_1902_99_99_0080&position=-1 |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> The party succeeded the [[Independence Club]] as the reforming fraction of Imperial Korea.<ref>{{Cite web |last=국사관논총 |title=I. 成長過程과 初期活動(1871~1904) |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=2&totalCount=2&itemId=kn&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=0&levelId=kn_010_0080_0020&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98+%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81%EB%8B%B9&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=한민족독립운동사 |title=2) 애국계몽운동에 대한 연구 동향과 과제 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=2&totalCount=2&itemId=hdsr&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=1&levelId=hdsr_012_0010_0020&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81%EB%8B%B9&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref>
On 1 March 1904, Min was appointed as the Minister of Interior,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=1 March 1904 |title=내부 대신에 육군 부장 민영환을 제수하라는 조령 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A41_01A_15A_00040 |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> but shortly after he resigned<ref>{{Cite web |last=Records of the Japanese Legation in Korea |title=(9) [한국의 內政 개혁에 관한 보고 및 京義 군용 철도 부설의 件] |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=jh&levelId=jh_022r_0040_0090&types=r}}</ref> and became the Minister of Education on 8 March 1904.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |date=8 March 1904 |title=민영환을 학부대신으로, 김가진을 농상공부대신에 임명하다 |url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14103008_002 |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> As the Minister of Education, Min criticized the neglected ministry, and tried to appoint government officials among the graduates of public schools, and graduates of private school should enter the officialdom with an exam. The reform that Min desired to bring was planned to be a gradual change in 3 or 4 years. Moreover, he advised every children to attend school.{{Sfn|Hulbert|1904|p=122}} Regarding the [[Korean invasion of Manchuria]], Min disagreed with the summon of Yi Bum-yun and claimed that Qing officials are spreading rumors about Korean forces in the area.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Records of the Japanese Legation in Korea |title=(43) [墾島 시찰 李範允 소환보다는 淸國 公使에 조회하여 문제 해결하자는 照復] |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=jh&levelId=jh_022r_0030_0430&types=r}}</ref> On May 25, Min resigned from his post of Minister of Education,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=25 May 1904 |title=적임이 아니므로 체차해 주기를 청하는 학부 대신 민영환의 사직 상소 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A41_04A_11A_00040 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> and on 26 May 1904, Min was appointed as head of accounting of the Board of Marshals.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=26 May 1904 |title=학부 대신에 의정부 찬정 이재극을 제수하라는 조령 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A41_04A_12A_00040 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> His opposition against the [[Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904]] made Min to be posted as the chief of equerry, which was a comparable unimportant one.<ref name=":9" /> Opposing the pro-Japanese cabinet, Min continued to serve as leisurely posts;<ref name=":0" /> moreover, Min experienced conflict with the pro-Japanese organization [[Iljinhoe]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Records of Japanese Legation in Korea |title=(34) [一進會 현황에 관한 조사보고] |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=190&totalCount=190&itemId=jh&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=r&searchSubjectClass=&position=109&levelId=jh_021r_0070_0340&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> On 26 March 1905, Min was appointed as the prime minister following the resignation of Cho Byeong-shik.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=고종시대사 |title=侍從武官長 閔泳煥을 議政府參政大臣 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=8&totalCount=8&itemId=gj&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=o&searchSubjectClass=&position=0&levelId=gj_006_c09_030_240_010&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98+%EC%B0%B8%EC%A0%95%EB%8C%80%EC%8B%A0&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=[참정대신 조병식이 재차 사직상소하여 민영환이 참정대신에 새로이 임명됨] |work=[[Jeguk Sinmun]] |url=https://nl.go.kr/newspaper/detail.do?content_id=CNTS-00069064703&from=%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%B8%20%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89}}</ref> As the prime minister, Min tried to stop shaman from being spread, which was illegal but already widespread. He recommended using police forces to ban shaman and his request was accepted.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=17 April 1905 |title=법부 등에서 무당이나 점쟁이를 붙잡아 조율할 것을 청하는 참정대신 민영환의 계 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A42_03A_13A_00100 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> He was removed from his post on 4 April 1905,<ref>{{Cite web |last=조선·대한제국 관보 |title=3月10日, 3月23日, 4月2日, 4月4日 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=3&totalCount=3&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=gbdh&types=&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=gbdh_1905_04_06_a03106_00030&position=-1 |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> and became chief of equerry on June 24.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=24 June 1905 |title=법부 대신에 농상공부 대신 박제순을 제수하라는 조령 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A42_05A_22A_00030 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> On 9 September 1905, Min was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=9 September 1905 |title=학부 대신에 내부 대신 이지용을 임용하였다 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A42_08A_11A_00060 |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=db.itkc.or.kr}}</ref> Shortly after the appointment, Min resigned his office.<ref>{{Cite web |last=조선·대한제국 관보 |date=12 September 1905 |title=外部大臣閔泳煥辭職疏 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=2&totalCount=2&itemId=gbdh&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=0&levelId=gbdh_1905_09_12_c00001_00010&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%99%B8%EB%B6%80%EB%8C%80%EC%8B%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND
[[File:Min Yeong-hwan Portrait 02.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Min Yeong-hwan in his dress uniform]]
On November 17, 1905, Japan succeeded in foisting upon Korea the [[Eulsa Treaty]] making Korea a Japanese protectorship. It is said that upon hearing of the treaty three days after it had been concluded, Min "fainted several times and vomited blood".{{Sfn|Finch|2002|p=24}} Min pleaded with Emperor [[Gojong of the Korean Empire|Gojong]] to annul the treaty and execute the five Korean officials who had signed it, now widely referred to as the "[[Five Eulsa Traitors|Five Traitors of Eulsa]]" (''Eulsa ojeok'').<ref>{{Cite web |last=Journal of the Royal Secretariat |date=28 November 1905 |title=매국한 역적을 주벌할 것을 청하는 시종부 무관장 민영환 등의 상소 |url=https://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=ST#dir/node?grpId=&itemId=ST&gubun=book&depth=5&cate1=&cate2=&dataGubun=%EC%B5%9C%EC%A2%85%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4&dataId=ITKC_ST_Z0_A42_11A_02A_00050
== After death ==
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Some officials, including [[Jo Byeongse]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hwang |first=Hyeon |title=1. 趙秉世의 殉節 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=sa&levelId=sa_001r_0040_0100_0010&types=r |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> and his [[Pulled rickshaw|rickshaw]] puller, committed suicide following Min's death.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hwang |first=Hyeon |title=6. 인력거 인부의 殉死 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?itemId=sa&levelId=sa_001r_0040_0100_0060&types=r |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref>
Min was posthumously appointed as Dae-Gwang-Bo-Guk-Seung-Rok Dae-bu(大匡輔國崇祿大夫), which was the highest office of the Korean officialdom.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |date=30 November 1905 |title=죽은 민영환과 이한응에게 벼슬을 추증하다 |url=https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14211030_003
After the independence of Korea, Min was commemorated as one of the zealot in December 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |last=자유신문 |date=24 December 1945 |title=순국선열추념대회, 서울운동장에서 거행 |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=5&totalCount=5&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=dh&types=&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=dh_001_1945_12_23_0040&position=-1 |access-date=2022-05-28 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> According to a survey done to Korean students in 1952, Min was one of the most respected people along with [[Sejong the Great]], and [[Yi Sun-sin]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=동아일보 |date=1 December 1952 |title=남녀 학생의 의식조사 결과 |url=https://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=5&totalCount=5&itemId=dh&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&types=&searchSubjectClass=&position=4&levelId=dh_027_1952_12_01_0160&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=db.history.go.kr}}</ref> In 1962, Min was posthumously awarded the [[Order of Merit for National Foundation]] by the South Korean government.<ref name=":0" />
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== Assessment ==
[[Horace Newton Allen]] wrote, "Min Yong Whan. Formerly known as the Good Min, latterly somewhat disappointing. Good intentions but feeble and vacillating. Ostensibly the present head of the Min clan," about Min.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allen |first=Horace Newton |title=알렌이 스티븐스에게 주기 위하여 한국 주요 인물들의 명단을 작성한 건 |url=http://waks.aks.ac.kr/rsh/dir/rview.aspx?rshID=AKS-2016-KFR-1230009&callType=srch&dataID=AKS-2016-KFR-1230009_DES@3077
== Gallery ==
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{{Flag|Russian Empire}}
* [[Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire)|Order of the White Eagle]] on 24 October 1896<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=사료 고종시대사 |title=고종, 임무를 마치고 러시아에서 돌아온 전권공사 민영환을 접견함 |url=http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?setId=165&totalCount=165&itemId=sk&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&page=1&pre_page=1&brokerPagingInfo=&position=104&levelId=sk_020r_0010_0100_0180_0010&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EB%AF%BC%EC%98%81%ED%99%98&searchKeywordConjunction=AND
{{Flag|Japanese Empire}}
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