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{{short description|Canadian politician}}
[[Lieutenant-General (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-General]] '''Sir Richard Downes Jackson''' [[Order of the Bath|KCB]] (1777 – June 9, 1845), born at [[Petersfield]] in the [[England|English]] county of [[Hampshire]], was [[List of Lieutenant-Governors of Ontario|Administrator]] of [[Canada West]] and [[Canada East]] (1841–1842) until the arrival of Sir [[Charles Bagot]] who took the position of [[Governor General]] of the [[Province of Canada]].▼
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix =
| NAME name = Jackson,Sir Richard Downes Jackson▼
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nom|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB}}
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| DATE OF BIRTH birth_date = 1777▼
| DATEdeath_date OF DEATH = =9 June 9, 1845▼
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial = [[Sorel-Tracy]], [[Quebec]]
| PLACE OF BIRTH birth_place = [[Petersfield]], [[Hampshire]]▼
| death_place =
| nickname =
| allegiance = [[United Kingdom]]
| branch = [[British Army]]
| serviceyears = 1794–1845
| rank = [[Lieutenant-general]]
| unit = [[Coldstream Guards]]
| commands = [[Northern Command (United Kingdom)|Northern District]]<br/>[[Commander-in-Chief, North America|North America]]
| battles = {{Tree list}}
*[[French Revolutionary Wars]]
**[[Irish Rebellion of 1798]]
*[[Napoleonic Wars]]
**[[Hanover Expedition]]
**[[Battle of Copenhagen (1807)|Copenhagen Expedition]]
**[[Peninsular War]]
***[[Siege of Cádiz]]
***[[Battle of Barrosa]]
***[[Battle of Fuentes d'Onoro]]
***[[Battle of Salamanca]]
***[[Battle of Nivelle]]
***[[Battle of the Nive]]
***[[Campaign in south-west France (1814)#Passage of the Adour, February 1814|Passage of the Adour]]
***[[Battle of Garris]]
***[[Battle of Orthes]]
***[[Campaign in south-west France (1814)#Action at Tarbes, March 1814|Battle of Aire]]
***[[Battle of Toulouse (1814)|Battle of Toulouse]]
{{tree list/end}}
| awards = [[Army Gold Medal]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}▼
 
{{Use British English|date=June 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
 
▲[[Lieutenant-General (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-General]] '''Sir Richard Downes Jackson''' [[Order of the Bath|KCB]] (1777 – 9 June 9, 1845), born at [[Petersfield]] in the [[England|English]] county of [[Hampshire]], was [[Listan ofofficer Lieutenant-Governorsin ofthe British Army and subsequently colonial Ontario|Administrator]]. ofFollowing [[Canadaservice West]]during andthe [[CanadaNapoleonic East]]Wars, (1841–1842)he untilwas appointed the arrivalCommander-in-Chief of Sirthe [[CharlesBritish Bagot]]Army whoin tookBritish theNorth positionAmerica. ofDuring that time, he also served for a few months as the [[GovernorAdministrator of the Generalgovernment]] of the [[Province of Canada]]. He died in Canada in 1845 and is buried there.
 
==Military career==
Jackson was commissioned as an [[ensign (rank)|ensign]] in the [[Coldstream Guards]] on 9 July 1794.<ref name=dcb>{{cite webDCB |first1=Norman |last1=Hillmer |first2=O. A. |last2=Cooke |url=http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119en/bio/jackson_richard_downes_7E.01-e.php?&id_nbr=3461html |title=Jackson, Richard Downes Jackson|publishervolume=7 Dictionary of Canadian Biography|accessdateaccess-date=2 November 2015}}</ref> After seeing action during the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]] he took part in the [[Battle of Copenhagen (1807)|Battle of Copenhagen]] during the [[Napoleonic Wars]].<ref name=dcb/> He fought at the [[Siege of Cádiz]] and the [[Battle of Barrosa]] during the [[Peninsular War]] and was knighted on 12 April 1815.<ref name=dcb/> He became deputy quartermaster general in 1820, General Officer Commanding [[Northern Command (United Kingdom)|Northern District]] in the 1830s and [[Commander-in-Chief, North America]] in 1839.<ref name=dcb/> After that he was administrator of the united province of Canada from 1841 to 1842.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hEIUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP11&lpg=PP11&dq=%22Richard+Downes+Jackson%22&source=bl&ots=hSFSUmpIbX&sig=pu3HxhaHIIrB5cN2OLbWLEjjbOQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEMQ6AEwB2oVChMImKv63P3yyAIVgogaCh3Ahg8R#v=onepage&q=%22Richard%20Downes%20Jackson%22&f=false|title=Journals|volume=2|publisher=Canada Legislative Assembly|accessdate=2 November 2015}}</ref>
 
After the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars, Jackson was appointed deputy quartermaster general in 1820, General Officer Commanding [[Northern Command (United Kingdom)|Northern District]] in 1836 and [[Commander-in-Chief, North America]] in 1839,<ref name=dcb/> a post which he held until his death in 1845.
 
==Administrator of Province of Canada==
 
In September 1841, Lord Sydenham, the Governor General of the Province of Canada, died in office. Jackson was appointed the [[Administrator of the government|Administrator of the Province]]. He exercised the powers of the Governor General until the arrival of Sydenham's successor, [[Charles Bagot|Sir Charles Bagot]] in early 1842.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hEIUAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Richard+Downes+Jackson%22&pg=PP11|title=Journals|year=1842|volume=2|publisher=Canada Legislative Assembly|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref><ref>J.O. Côté, ''Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860'' (Quebec: St. Michel and Darveau, 1860), p. 9.</ref>
 
== Death ==
 
Jackson continued as Commander-in-Chief until 1845 when, missing his family in England, he asked to be recalled. Instead, he died suddenly in the summer of 1845, shortly before the arrival of his successor, Lord Cathcart. He was buried near his country home at William-Henry, Canada East (now Sorel, Quebec).<ref name = dcb/>
 
==References==
{{reflistReflist}}
 
{{s-start}}
{{s-govmil}}
{{s-bef| rows before=[[Henry 2 Bouverie|Sir before = [[JohnHenry ClitherowBouverie]] }}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Northern Command (United Kingdom)|GOC Northern District]]|years=1836–1839}}
{{s-ttl| title = [[List of Lieutenant-Governors of Ontario|Lieutenant-Governor of Canada West]]|
{{s-aft| rows = 2 | after = [[Charles BagotJames Napier|Sir Charles BagotNapier]] }}▼
| years = 1841–1842 }}
|-
▲{{s-aft| rows = 2 | after = [[Charles Bagot|Sir Charles Bagot]] }}
{{succession box | title=[[Commander-in-Chief, North America]] | before=[[John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton|Sir John Colborne]] | after= [[Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart|Earl Cathcart]] | years=1839–1845}}
{{s-ttl| title = [[List of Lieutenant Governors of Quebec|Lieutenant Governor of Canada East]]
|-
| years = 1841–1842 }}
{{s-bef|before=Sir [[John Oswald (British Army officer)|John Oswald]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Colonel of the [[35th (Royal Sussex) Regiment of Foot]] | years=1840–1845}}
{{s-aft|after=Sir [[George Henry Frederick Berkeley]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[James Kempt]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Colonel of the [[81st Regiment of Foot (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers)|81st Regiment of Foot]] | years=1829–1840}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John Waters (British Army officer, born 1774)|John Waters]]}}
|-
{{s-end}}
 
{{ONLG}}
{{Authority control}}
 
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
▲| NAME = Jackson, Richard Downes
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British Army general
▲| DATE OF BIRTH = 1777
▲| PLACE OF BIRTH = Petersfield, Hampshire
▲| DATE OF DEATH = June 9, 1845
| PLACE OF DEATH =
▲}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jackson, Richard Downes}}
[[Category:1777 births]]
[[Category:1845 deaths]]
[[Category:Governors General-general of the Province of Canada]]
[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Canada West]]
[[Category:People from Petersfield]]
[[Category:British Army lieutenant generals]]
[[Category:People of the Irish Rebellion of 1798]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Coldstream Guards officers]]
 
[[Category:Military personnel from Hampshire]]
 
{{Canada-viceroy-stub}}
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