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Atrapalhado (talk | contribs) There will never be a definitive answer to this question and it's wrong to suggest there is. Plus this is just shoehorning in a reference to a book someone likes. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
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'''''Robinson Crusoe'''''{{efn|Full title: '''''The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner: Who lived Eight and Twenty Years, all alone in an un-inhabited Island on the Coast of America, near the Mouth of the Great River of Oroonoque; Having been cast on Shore by Shipwreck, wherein all the Men perished but himself. With An Account how he was at last as strangely deliver'd by Pyrates. Written by Himself.'''''<ref name=Defoe-1719-1998ed>{{cite book |first=Daniel |last=Defoe |orig-year=1719 |title=Robinson Crusoe |date=10 June 1998 |publisher=Courier Corporation |hdl=20.500.12024/K061280.000 |isbn=9780486404271 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12024/K061280.000}}</ref>}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɹ|uː|s|oʊ}} {{respell|KROO|soh}}) is an English adventure novel by [[Daniel Defoe]], first published on 25 April 1719. Written with a combination of [[Epistolary novel|Epistolary]], [[Confessional writing|confessional]], and [[Didacticism|didactic]] forms, the book follows the title character (born Robinson Kreutznaer) after he is [[castaway|cast away]] and spends 28 years on a remote tropical [[desert island]] near the coasts of [[Venezuela]] and [[Trinidad]], encountering [[Human cannibalism|cannibals]], captives, and mutineers before being rescued. The story has been thought to be based on the life of [[Alexander Selkirk]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=Smithsonian |title=The Real Robinson Crusoe |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-real-robinson-crusoe-74877644/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref> a Scottish castaway who lived for four years on a Pacific island called "Más a Tierra" (now part of [[Chile]]) which was renamed [[Robinson Crusoe Island]] in 1966.<ref name=Severin2002>{{cite book |last=Severin |first=Tim |year=2002 |title=In Search of Robinson Crusoe |place=New York, NY |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=0-465-07698-X}}</ref>{{rp|pages=23–24}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rescue of Real-Life Robinson Crusoe |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/rescue-real-life-robinson-crusoe/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> [[Pedro Serrano (sailor)|Pedro Serrano]] is another real-life castaway whose story might have inspired the novel.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-28 |title=Pedro Serrano, el náufrago español que sobrevivió 8 años en una isla caribeña: inspiró a Robinson Crusoe |url=https://www.elespanol.com/cultura/historia/20210628/pedro-serrano-naufrago-sobrevivio-caribena-robinson-crusoe/591691199_0.html |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=El Español |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Brule |first=Álvaro Van den |date=2019-09-07 |title=El Robinson Crusoe español: la increíble peripecia del náufrago que inspiró a Defoe |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/alma-corazon-vida/2019-09-07/pedro-serrano-naufrago-sumergido-bajo-estrellas_2213507/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref>
The first edition credited the work's protagonist Robinson Crusoe as its author, leading many readers to believe he was a real person and that the book was a non-fiction [[Travelogue (literature)|travelogue]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Fiction as authentic as fact |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |date=11 January 2013 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323936804578227971298012486 |url-status=live |access-date=8 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802201739/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323936804578227971298012486 |archive-date=2 August 2017|last1=Heitman |first1=Danny }}</ref> Despite its simple narrative style, ''Robinson Crusoe'' was well received in the literary world and is often credited as marking the beginning of realistic fiction as a literary genre. Some allege it is a contender for the first [[English novel]],<ref>{{cite book |title=The Oxford Companion to English Literature |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1996 |editor-last=Drabble |editor-first=Margaret |place=Oxford, UK |page=265 |article=Defoe}}</ref>
Before the end of 1719, the book had already run through four editions, and it has gone on to become one of the most widely published books in history, spawning so many imitations, not only in literature but also in film, television, and radio, that its name is used to define a genre, the [[Robinsonade]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=UF Digital Collections |url=https://ufdc.ufl.edu/es/collections/DEFOE |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=ufdc.ufl.edu}}</ref>
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