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The area is known to have been settled since the early [[Iron Age Europe#Central Europe|Iron Age]] (6th–5th century BC). The next permanent settlement is documented in the [[Middle Ages]]. In around 1270, a short-lived settlement called Hradiště (meaning "[[Gord (archaeology)|gord]]") was founded, which was destroyed most likely in a rebellion against King [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]] in 1276.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=O městě|url=https://www.visittabor.eu/o-meste|publisher=Město Tábor|language=cs|access-date=2021-09-08}}</ref>
Tábor or as it was called in the time Hradiště Hory Tábor was founded in the spring of 1420, probably by Petr Hromádka of [[Jistebnice]] and other members of the most radical wing of the [[Hussites]], who became known as the [[Taborites]] as it was in better defense position in comparison to the old town of Ústí. Soon after the Taborites were victorious in the [[Battle of Tábor]].<ref>{{cite web |title=205. schůzka: Založení Tábora|url=https://dvojka.rozhlas.cz/205-schuzka-zalozeni-tabora-7938985|publisher=[[Czech Radio]]|language=cs|date=2019-11-22|access-date=2021-09-08}}</ref> The
From the end of the 15th century, the rapid development of Tábor occurred, which began to look like a real town and formed into its present form. Most of its landmarks were built in the 16th century. Great fires in 1532 and 1559 destroyed most of the citizens' houses which were usually made of wood, but the fires also became an impetus for further construction development.<ref name=hist/><ref name=history/>
In 1547, the town refused to provide military assistance to King [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]] in his campaign against the [[Protestantism in Germany|German Lutherans]]. Ferdinand I punished Tábor by confiscation of vast lands which were the source of prosperity of the town. After the [[Battle of White Mountain]] in 1620 the town did not surrendered to the rule of Holly Roman Epmeror and Czech King [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand II]] and so the Imperial Army under the command of general Marradas began the nearly one year long siege that ended in 1621 when the town surrendered mainly due to lack of funds to pay the foreign military units. In 1648, the town was stormed and looted by [[Swedish Empire|Swedish army]]. After the [[Thirty Years' War]], a long period of peace occurred and the town recovered. In the mid-17th century, the monks from the [[Discalced Augustinians|Order of Discalced Augustinians]] were invited to spread the Catholic faith.<ref name=hist/><ref name=history/>
From 1751 until 1868 Tabor was capital of Tabor Region that was created by rescript of Empress Maria Theresa by splitting the older Bechyně Region into two parts around Tábor and České Budějovice.
Until 1918, "''Tabor – Tábor''" was part of the [[Austrian monarchy]] (the Austrian side after the [[compromise of 1867]]), in the district with the same name, one of the 94 ''Bezirkshauptmannschaften'' in [[Bohemia]].<ref>Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm Klein, 1967</ref>
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