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United States Strategic Command: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = United States Strategic Command
| image = File:US Strategic Command Emblem.svg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Official Emblem of United States Strategic Command.
| dates = 1 June 1992 to present
| country = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States of America}}}}
| allegiance =
| branch =
| type = [[Unified Combatant Command|Functional Combatant Command]]
| role = Strategic deterrence, global strike, integrated missile defense, global C4ISR
| size = 150,000 personnel
| size =
 
| command_structure = {{dodseal|DOD}} [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]]
14 Ballistic Missile Submarines
| garrison = [[Offutt Air Force Base]], [[Nebraska]], U.S.
 
| garrison_label = Headquarters
400 ICBMs
| equipment =
 
| website = {{URL|https://www.stratcom.mil/}}
154 bombers
<!-- Commanders -->| commander1 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of a United States Navy admiral.svg|size=23px}} [[Admiral (United States)|ADM]] [[Charles A. Richard]], [[United States Navy|USN]]
| command_structure = {{dodseal|DOD}} [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]]
| commander1_label = Commander
| garrison = [[Offutt Air Force Base]], [[Nebraska]], U.S.
| commander2 = {{no wrap|{{Flagicon image|Flag of a United States Air Force lieutenant general.svg|size=23px}} [[lieutenant General (United States)|Lt Gen]] [[Thomas A. Bussiere]], [[United States Air Force|USAF]]}}
| garrison_label = Headquarters
| commander2_label = Deputy Commander
| equipment =
| commander3 = [[Sergeant major (United States)|SgtMaj]] Howard L. Kreamer, [[United States Marine Corps|USMC]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.stratcom.mil/}}
| commander3_label = Senior Enlisted Leader
<!-- Commanders -->| commander1 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of a United States Navy admiral.svg|size=23px}} [[AdmiralGeneral (United States)|ADMGen]] [[CharlesAnthony AJ. RichardCotton]], [[United States NavyAir Force|USNUSAF]]
| notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia -->
| commander1_label = Commander
| identification_symbol = [[File:Seal of United States Strategic Command (Old).gif|150px]]
| commander2 = [[Vice admiral (United States)|VADM]] [[Richard A. Correll]], [[United States Navy|USN]]
| identification_symbol_label = pre-2002 seal
| commander2_label = Deputy Commander
<!-- Culture and history -->
| commander3 = [[Sergeant major (United States)|SgtMaj]] Howard L. Kreamer, [[United States Marine Corps|USMC]]
| nickname = STRATCOM, USSTRATCOM
| commander3_label = Command Senior Enlisted Leader
| motto = ''Peace is our Profession ...''
| notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia -->
| colors =
| identification_symbol = [[File:Seal of United States Strategic Command (Old).gif|150px]]
| mascot =
| identification_symbol_label = pre-2002 seal
| battles =
<!-- Culture and history -->| nickname = STRATCOM, USSTRATCOM
| anniversaries =
| motto = ''Peace is our Profession ...''
| decorations =
| colors =
| battle_honours =
| mascot =
| battles =
| anniversaries =
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
}}
{{United States Armed Forces sidebar}}
 
The '''United States Strategic Command''' ('''USSTRATCOM''') is one of the eleven [[unified combatant command]]s in the [[United States Department of Defense]]. Headquartered at [[Offutt Air Force Base]], Nebraska, USSTRATCOM is responsible for [[Strategic_nuclear_weapon|strategic nuclear]] [[deterrence theory|deterrence]], [[Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command|global strike]], and operating the Defense Department's [[Global Information Grid]]. It also provides a host of capabilities to support the other combatant commands, including integrated missile defense; and global '''command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance''' ('''C4ISR'''). This command exists to give "national leadership a unified resource for greater understanding of specific threats around the world and the means to respond to those threats rapidly".<ref name="stratcom.mil">{{cite web|url=http://www.stratcom.mil/About/|title=About|website=www.stratcom.mil}}</ref><ref name="stratcom.mil1">{{cite web|url=http://www.stratcom.mil/About/History/|title=History|website=www.stratcom.mil}}</ref>
 
==Mission statement==
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! Emblem !! Command !! Acronym !! Commander !! Established !! Headquarters !! Subordinate Commands
|-
| [[File:United_States_Army_Space_and_Missile_Defense_Command_LogoSeal_of_the_Commander_of_the_United_States_Fleet_Forces_Command.svg|50px75px]]<br><br>[[File:JFCC IMD Shield.svg|50px]]| ||{{center|[[United States Army Space and MissileFleet DefenseForces Command|U.S. ArmyFleet Space and Missile DefenseForces Command]]<br><small>[[Joint FunctionalForce Maritime Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense]]</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smdcusff.armynavy.mil/|title = UnitedUS StatesNavy ArmyFleet Space and Missile DefenseForces Command Home Page}}</ref>}} || USASMDC / JFCC–IMDUSFF || [[Lieutenant GeneralAdmiral (United States)|Lt GeneralAdmiral]] [[DanielDaryl L. KarblerCaudle]] || {{dts|format=dmy|19971906|1001|01}} || [[RedstoneNaval Arsenal]],Support [[Alabama]]Activity (USASMDC)Hampton / <br> [[Schriever Space Force BaseRoads]], [[ColoradoVirginia]] (JFCC–IMD)||
* [[File:100MissileDefBdeSSI.jpg|30px]] [[100th Missile Defense Brigade]]
|-
| [[File:Seal_of_the_Commander_of_the_United_States_Fleet_Forces_Command.png|75px]] || {{center|[[United States Fleet Forces Command|U.S. Fleet Forces Command]]<br><small>[[Joint Force Maritime Component Command]]</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usff.navy.mil/|title = US Navy Fleet Forces Command}}</ref>}} || USFF || [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Daryl L. Caudle]] || {{dts|format=dmy|1906|01|01}} || [[Naval Support Activity Hampton Roads]], [[Virginia]] ||
* [[File:Atlantic_submarine_command_badge.png|30px]] [[Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic|Submarine Force Atlantic]]
|-
| [[File:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg|75px]] || {{center|[[Air Force Global Strike Command]]<br><small>[[Joint FunctionalForce Air Component Command for Global StrikeCommander|Joint Force Air Component Command]]</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.afgsc.af.mil/Units/|title = AFGSC Units}}</ref>}} || AFGSC || [[General (United States)|General]] [[AnthonyThomas JA. CottonBussiere]]|| {{dts|format=dmy|1944|12|15}} || [[Barksdale Air Force Base]], [[Louisiana]] ||
* [[File:Eighth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png|30px]] [[Eighth Air Force]]
* [[File:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png|30px]] [[Twentieth Air Force]]
|-
| || {{center|[[Marine Corps Forces Strategic Command]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marforstrat.marines.mil/|title=U.S. Marine Corps Forces, U.S. Strategic Command|publisher=U.S. Marines|access-date=December 28, 2022}}</ref>}} || MARFORSTRAT || [[Lieutenant General (United States)|Lt General]] [[Melvin G. Carter]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2003|10|01}} || [[Offutt Air Force Base]], [[Nebraska]] ||
|-
|}
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[[File:E-6B_Mercury_flies_over_Solomons_Island_in_November_2014.JPG|thumb|[[Boeing E-6 Mercury|E-6B Mercury]], USSTRATCOM ABNCP]]
 
The Alternate Processing and Correlation Center in the USSTRATCOM Underground Command Complex at [[Offutt AFB]] provides an alternate missile warning correlation center to the Cheyenne Mountain [[Missile Warning Center]]. It is the prime source of missile warning data for USSTRATCOM for force survival and force management. The facility consists of the integration of the SCIS, CSSR, and [[Command and Control Processing and Display System Replacement|CCPDS-R]] systems and also upgrade equipment and communications links.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lw7qpOWQsb8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/lw7qpOWQsb8| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Regal Assets Review - What You MUST Know Before Investing|via=www.youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
 
[[File:625th STOS maintains strategic watch 141003-F-AJ823-045.jpg|thumb|USSTRATCOM Airborne Command Post crew members responding to their aircraft during an alert response exercise]]
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==History==
USSTRATCOM was originally formed in 1992, as a successor to [[Strategic Air Command]]<ref name="C">{{cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/1231.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051017033516/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/jfq_pubs/1231.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-10-17 |title=New Challenges for the Unified Command Plan |author=W. Spencer Johnson |date=2002 |website=www.dtic.mil |access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref> in response to the end of the [[Cold War (1985–1991)#End of the Cold War and the Beginning of a New World Order|Cold War]] and a new vision of nuclear warfare in U.S. defense policy.<ref name="A">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratcom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/1323859/usstratcom-celebrates-15-years/ |title=USSTRATCOM Celebrates 15 Years |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=25 September 2017 |website=www.stratcom.mil |publisher=USSTRATCOM Public Affairs |access-date=29 July 2018 }}</ref><ref name="B">{{cite book |last1= Rita Clark (LtCol, USAFR) |last2= Dr. Vincent Giroux, Jr. |last3= Dr. Todd White |date=15 August 2013 |title=History of the United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) – Nuclear Weapons, Cold War Strategy, Service Rivalries, Arms Control |publisher=Progressive Management |isbn=978-1-30-101083-7}}</ref> Department of Defense changes in command structure due to the "[[Goldwater-NicholsGoldwater–Nichols Act]]" of 1986, led to a single command responsible for all strategic nuclear weapons. As a result, USSTRATCOM's principal mission was to deter military attack, and if deterrence failed, to counter with nuclear weapons.<ref name="D">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratcom.mil/About/History/ |title=History |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 2018 |website=US Strategic Command |access-date=29 July 2018 |quote=In addition to the dramatic changes in the global landscape associated with the end of the Cold War, changes in the structure of the DoD stemming from the 1986 "Goldwater-Nichols Act" led national leaders to favor a single command responsible for all strategic nuclear forces. The new command's principal mission was to deter military attack, especially nuclear attack, on the United States and its allies and, if deterrence failed, to employ nuclear forces.}}</ref>
 
Throughout its history, it has drawn from important contributions from many different organizations stretching back to World War II. Providing national leadership with a single command responsible for all strategic nuclear forces, [[George Lee Butler|General George Butler]], in establishing the new command, borrowed from the work of [[Curtis LeMay|General Curtis LeMay]], an early commander of Strategic Air Command. LeMay was a very vocal advocate for a strong national defense, particularly as regards nuclear weapons.<ref name="B" />
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USSTRATCOM was re-structured 1 October 2002 by [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]] [[Donald Rumsfeld]].<ref name="A" /> It was now to merge with the [[United States Space Command]] and assume all duties for full-spectrum global strike, operational space support, integrated missile defense, and global Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C<sup>4</sup>ISR) and specialized planning.<ref name="C" /> Its duties now include intelligence and cyber support as well as monitoring orbiting satellites and space debris.
 
In February 2008, USSTRATCOM succeeded in destroying a satellite, [[USA-193#Destruction|USA193]], about to re-enter the earthEarth's atmosphere.<ref name="E">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratcom.mil/Media/News/News-Article-View/Article/983774/usstratcom-comments-on-space-debris-article/ |title=USSTRATCOM Comments on Space Debris Article |author=U.S. Strategic Command Public Affairs |date=1 February 2010 |website=www.stratcom.mil |access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref>
 
USSTRATCOM also supported [[United States Africa Command]]'s [[2011 military intervention in Libya]] in a variety of ways, including long-range conventional strikes and [[Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance#ISR (Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance)|intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR)]].<ref name="F">{{cite web |url=http://www.stratcom.mil/About/History/ |title=History |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 2018 |website=US Strategic Command |access-date=29 July 2018 |quote=In 2011, it supported U.S. Africa Command's operations against Libya in a variety of ways, including long-range conventional strikes and ISR.}}</ref>
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| term_end = 14 February 1994
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|01 June 1992|14 February 1994}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
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| officeholder_sort = Habiger, Eugene E.
| born_year = 1939
| died_year = 2022
| term_start = 21 February 1996
| term_end = 1 August 1998
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|21 February 1996|1 August 1998}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
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| term_end = 3 October 2007
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|10 August 2007|3 October 2007}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
| acting = y
}}
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| term_end = 28 January 2011
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|3 October 2007|28 January 2011}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
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| term_end = 15 November 2013
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|28 January 2011|15 November 2013}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
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| term_end = 18 November 2019
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|3 November 2016|18 November 2019}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Mark of the United StatesU.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br>[[United States ArmyAir Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
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| died_year =
| term_start = 18 November 2019
| timeinofficeterm_end = {{ayd|189 NovemberDecember 2019|}}2022
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|18 November 2019|9 December 2022}}
| defence_branch = [[File:Emblem of the United States Navy.svg|75px]]<br />[[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order = 12
| military_rank = General
| image = Gen Anthony J. Cotton (2).jpg
| officeholder = [[Anthony J. Cotton]]
| officeholder_sort = Cotton, Anthony J.
| born_year =
| died_year =
| term_start = 9 December 2022
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|9 December 2022|}}
| defence_branch = [[File:U.S. Air Force service mark.svg|75px]]<br />[[United States Air Force|U.S. Air Force]]
}}
|}
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{{DOD agencies navbox}}
{{US military navbox}}
{{Strategic forces}}
 
[[Category:United States Strategic Command| ]]
[[Category:Unified combatant commands of the U.S. Department of Defense|Strategic Command]]
[[Category:Military globalization]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1992]]
[[Category:1992 establishments in the United States]]