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'''Vinayak Damodar Savarkar'''{{efn|{{audio|Ma-VinayakDamodarSavarkar.ogg|pronunciation}}, Marathi pronunciation: [[Help:IPA/Marathi|[ʋinaːjək saːʋəɾkəɾ]]]}} (28 May 1883 – 26 February 1966) was an Indian politician, activist and writer<!-- do not add "freedom fighter" or other non-neutral terms here; see [[WP:LABEL]] -->. Savarkar developed the [[Hindu nationalist]] political ideology of [[Hindutva]] while confined at [[Ratnagiri]] in 1922.{{sfn|Chandra|1989|p=145}}{{sfn|Keer|1966|p=143}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/hindutva-is-not-the-same-as-hinduism-said-savarkar/cid/1699550|title=Hindutva is not the same as Hinduism said Savarkar|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=8 June 2020|archive-date=20 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420011457/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/hindutva-is-not-the-same-as-hinduism-said-savarkar/cid/1699550|url-status=live}}</ref> He was a leading figure in the [[Hindu Mahasabha]].<ref name=":0">{{cite encyclopedia | title=Overview of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar | encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinayak-Damodar-Savarkar | access-date=27 February 2020 | archive-date=25 July 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725034949/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinayak-Damodar-Savarkar | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinayak-Damodar-Savarkar |title=Vinayak Damodar Savarkar | Biography, History, & Books | Britannica |access-date=27 February 2020 |archive-date=25 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725034949/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinayak-Damodar-Savarkar |url-status=live }}</ref> The prefix
Savarkar began his political activities as a high school student and continued to do so at [[Fergusson College]] in [[Pune]].{{sfn|Jaffrelot|2017|pp=127-182}} He and his brother founded a secret society called [[Abhinav Bharat Society]]. When he went to the United Kingdom for his law studies, he involved himself with organizations such as [[India House]] and the [[Free India Society]]. He also published books advocating complete Indian independence by revolutionary means.<ref name="newstodaynet1">{{cite web |author=V. Sundaram |title=remembering all the revolutionaries of 1857 |publisher=News Today INDIA TV |date=10 May 2008 |url=http://www.newstodaynet.com/col.php?section=20&catid=33&id=7318 |access-date=13 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206113125/http://newstodaynet.com/col.php?section=20&catid=33&id=7318 |archive-date=6 February 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> One of the books he published called ''[[The Indian War of Independence (book)|The Indian War of Independence]]'' about the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] was banned by the British colonial authorities.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Visana|first=Vikram|date=5 November 2020|title=Savarkar before Hindutva: Sovereignty, Republicanism, and Populism in India, c.1900–1920|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-intellectual-history/article/abs/savarkar-before-hindutva-sovereignty-republicanism-and-populism-in-india-c19001920/90DC611F3F01B05C2FE4ECC61BECDC73|journal=Modern Intellectual History|volume=18|issue=4|language=en|pages=1106–1129|doi=10.1017/S1479244320000384|s2cid=224983230|issn=1479-2443|access-date=25 July 2021|archive-date=30 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930153956/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-intellectual-history/article/abs/savarkar-before-hindutva-sovereignty-republicanism-and-populism-in-india-c19001920/90DC611F3F01B05C2FE4ECC61BECDC73|url-status=live}}</ref>
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