Portal:Coffee

Portal topics: Activities; Culture; Geography; Health; History; Mathematics; Nature; People; Philosophy; Religion; Society; Technology; Random portal

The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.

Coffee production begins when the seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits (coffee cherries) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. There are also various coffee substitutes.

Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)

Refresh with new selections below (purge)

Selected article - show another

The history of coffee dates back centuries in Ethiopia and Yemen. It was already known in Mecca in the 15th century. Also, in the 15th century, Sufi monasteries in Yemen employed coffee as an aid to concentration during prayers. Coffee later spread to the Levant in the early 16th century; it caused some controversy on whether it was halal in Ottoman and Mamluk society. Coffee arrived in Italy the second half of the 16th century through commercial Mediterranean trade routes, while Central and Eastern Europeans learned of coffee from the Ottomans. By the mid 17th century, it had reached India and the East Indies.

Coffee houses were established in Western Europe by the late 17th century, especially in Holland, England, and Germany. One of the earliest cultivations of coffee in the New World was when Gabriel de Clieu brought coffee seedlings to Martinique in 1720. These beans later sprouted 18,680 coffee trees which enabled its spread to other Caribbean islands such as Saint-Domingue and also to Mexico. By 1788, Saint-Domingue supplied half the world's coffee.

By 1852, Brazil became the world's largest producer of coffee and has held that status ever since. The period since 1950 saw the widening of the playing field owing to the emergence of several other major producers, notably Colombia, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, and Vietnam; the latter overtook Colombia and became the second-largest producer in 1999. Modern production techniques along with the mass productization of coffee has made it a household item today. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

General images - show new batch

The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 2A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 3Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 4A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 5A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 6Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 7Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 8Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 9Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours (from Coffee preparation)
Image 10The Grey Owl Coffee shop in Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)
Image 11Inside of a kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 12Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 13Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 14The Café de Flore in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 15A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 16"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 17An espresso by the glass in Trieste - in the local dialect "Nero in B" (from Coffee culture)
Image 18A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 19Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 20The word coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 21A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 22Café Ekberg in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 23Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 24The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 25Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 26Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 27Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 28Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 29Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 30Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 31Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 32The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 33Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 34A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 35Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 36Roadside café with a summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 37Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 38German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 39Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 40Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 41Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 42"Café" neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
Image 43Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
Image 44Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
Image 45Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 46In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 47Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 48A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 49A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
Image 50Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 51Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Image 5218th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 53Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 54A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 55Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 56A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 57Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 58Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 59Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 60A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 61Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 62Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 63Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
Image 64Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 65Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 66Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 67Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 68Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)

edit

More did you know? - show another

... that Guadeloupe's coffee heritage (coffee field pictured) is being promoted through ecotourism?

Other "Did you know" facts...

Read more...

Newer Did you know facts...

Selected drink - show another

Café Cubano (also known as Cuban espresso, Colada, Cuban coffee, cafecito, Cuban pull, and Cuban shot) is a type of espresso that originated in Cuba. Specifically, it refers to an espresso shot which is sweetened (traditionally with natural brown sugar whipped with the first and strongest drops of espresso). However, the name can refer to coffee based drinks that include Cuban espresso as the main ingredient, such as café con leche.

Drinking café cubano remains a prominent social and cultural activity in Cuba and in Cuban-American communities, particularly in Miami, Tampa and the Florida Keys. (Full article...)

List of selected drinks

edit

Selected image - show another

Coffee bean

Credit: Robert Knapp

A close-up view of roasted Coffee beans

More selected pictures

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that during the October 1980 West Nile campaign, rebels were initially hailed as "liberators", only for them to start looting coffee?
... that Monmouth Coffee Company in Covent Garden was one of the foundations for the third wave of coffee in London?
... that Franz Liszt's female admirers would fight over his cigar stubs and coffee dregs as souvenirs?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that the short story collection Drinking Coffee Elsewhere was chosen by John Updike as a selection for the Today Show book club on NBC?
... that Kenyan coffee farmer "Pinkie" Jackson amassed Africa's largest collection of native butterflies?
... that a Vancouver TV station was intended to stop the "$1,500 cup of coffee"?
... that the Claudia Quintet was born out of an incident at alt.coffee?

Topics

Related portals

Related WikiProjects

Associated Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject:

Commons
Free media repository
Wikibooks
Free textbooks and manuals
Wikidata
Free knowledge base
Wikinews
Free-content news
Wikiquote
Collection of quotations
Wikisource
Free-content library
Wikispecies
Directory of species
Wikiversity
Free learning tools
Wiktionary
Dictionary and thesaurus

Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915

Wikipedia's portals

Discover Wikipedia using portals

Purge server cache

v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Percolator Turkish coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee service Coffee leaf rust Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment Canned coffee Coffee vending machine Used coffee grounds Sustainable coffee
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo East Timor Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot