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Songshan Airport

(Redirected from Taipei Songshan Airport)
Not to be confused with Matsuyama Airport.

Taipei Songshan Airport (IATA: TSA, ICAO: RCSS) is a city airport and military airbase located in Songshan District, Taipei, Taiwan. The airport covers an area of 182 hectares (450 acres).[3]

Taipei Songshan Airport
Songshan Air Force Base

臺北松山機場
空軍松山基地

Summary
Airport typePublic / military
Owner
ServesTaipei–Keelung metropolitan area
LocationSongshan, Taipei, Taiwan
Opened28 March 1936; 88 years ago (1936-03-28)
Hub for
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL5 m / 18 ft
Coordinates25°04′10″N 121°33′06″E / 25.06944°N 121.55167°E / 25.06944; 121.55167
Websitewww.tsa.gov.tw
Maps
Map
TSA/RCSS is located in Taipei
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
Location of airport in Taipei
TSA/RCSS is located in Taiwan
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
Location of airport in Taiwan
TSA/RCSS is located in Southeast Asia
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS (Southeast Asia)
TSA/RCSS is located in East China Sea
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS (East China Sea)
TSA/RCSS is located in North Pacific
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS (North Pacific )
TSA/RCSS is located in Earth
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS
TSA/RCSS (Earth)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
10/28 2,605 8,547 Paved
Statistics (2018)
Number of passengers6,225,932 Increase 4.76%
Aircraft movement58,056
Total cargo (metric tonnes)47,132.9
Sources: Civil Aeronautics Ministry[1] WAD[2]
Taipei Songshan Airport
Traditional Chinese臺北松山機場 or 台北松山機場
Simplified Chinese台北松山机场
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTáiběi Sōngshān Jīchǎng
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳThòi-pet Tshiùng-sân Kî-chhòng
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTâi-pak Siông-san Ki-tiûⁿ

The civilian section of Songshan Airport has scheduled flights to domestic destinations in Taiwan and international destinations including Seoul, Tokyo, and select cities in China. Songshan serves only a small portion of the international flights for Taipei compared to the larger Taoyuan International Airport. Songshan Airport is also the base of certain Republic of China Air Force units as part of the Songshan Air Force Base. The Songshan Base Command's main mission is to serve the president and vice president of Taiwan.

History

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Civil Air Transport flight at Songshan Airport in 1966

The airport was built on 28 March 1936 during Japanese rule with its origins as a Japanese military airbase, the Taihoku Airfield (Japanese: 臺北飛行場, Hepburn: Taihoku Hikōjō), also known as Matsuyama Airfield (松山飛行場). In 1937, Matsuyama Airfield was occupied by the Japanese Navy's Kanoya Air Group and its Type 96 G3M bombers for bombing positions on Chinese positions. On August 14, 1937, an 18-bomber mission launched from Matsuyama Airfield targeted Jianqiao Airfield in Zhejiang Province and Guangde Airfield in Anhui Province, both in China. The raid was intercepted by Chinese fighter aircraft, resulting in the loss of four bombers without any casualties on the Chinese side. This date was later celebrated as Air Force Day in China. In 1944, the Japanese Army’s 37th Kyoiku Hikotai, a training unit equipped with Ki-61 fighters, was established at Matsuyama. Many of its instructors later engaged in combat against American forces over Taiwan and Japan during the war’s final months. From March to August, 1945, the US Army Far East Air Forces bombed the airfield, with the last mission on 24 August using B-24 heavy bombers.[4]

After World War II, in 1946, it was taken over by the Republic of China Air Force, and renamed to Songshan Airport.[5] Before the end of the Chinese Civil War and the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the airport provided flight routes between Shanghai and Taipei, occasionally via Fuzhou.[5]

Shared military and civilian use—both domestic and international—began on 16 April 1950[6] in the reconstructed Civil Aeronautics Administration Taipei Airport (交通部民用航空局台北航空站).[5] Domestic destinations have been Kaohsiung, Hualien, Taichung, Penghu, and Tainan. The first international destinations were Seattle, Tokyo, Busan, Manila, Bangkok, and Hong Kong.[5] The first international airlines included Northwest Airlines, Pan Am, and Hong Kong Airways (now Cathay Pacific). Later, the airport became too small to handle an increased number of passengers, even after a series of expansions. This later worsened when new wide-body jets became common at the airport.[5] Therefore, all international activities were relocated to Taoyuan International Airport (then known as Chiang Kai-shek International) after its inauguration on 26 February 1979.[5][7] Consequently, the passenger load at the airport dropped from 6.2 million in 1978 to 2.9 million in 1979 (a 53% decrease).[8] At its peak in 1997, the airport handled over 15.3 million passengers annually.

Service to Taichung and Chiayi was stopped in mid-2007 after the load factor dropped significantly due to the Taiwan High Speed Rail's start of revenue service in January 2007. Passenger volume decreased from 6.7 million in 2006 to 4.4 million in 2007 (a 34% decrease).[8] Also due to the opening of the high speed rail line, on 1 March 2008, Uni Air suspended its service to Kaohsiung, while Far Eastern Air Transport suspended its service to Tainan.[9] TransAsia Airways decided to stop flights to Tainan and Kaohsiung after 1 August 2008.[10][11]

In early 1999 when the construction of Taipei 101 had just started, Taiwan's Civil Aeronautics Administration changed this airport's certain SID and STAR procedures to avoid possible collision with the building. The 677-meter Fuxing North Road Underground Passage [zh] (復興北路車行地下道) was constructed between 1997 and 2006 under this airport's runway to link the north and south side of this airport.[12]

Regular cross-strait charter flights to China started on 4 July 2008, with Songshan receiving the majority of flights.[13] Direct flights to China were an issue of contention. Then-mayor Ma Ying-jeou had been pressing to make Songshan Airport Taipei's main International terminal, citing that its location close to the city center would make it preferable for business travelers. However, building height restrictions around the airport raised concerns about flight safety, blocking of radio communications, noise pollution, and a reduced number of flights.[14]

The continuing growth of Taipei City means that Songshan airport is situated in the heart of downtown Taipei. Compared to Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, Songshan Airport saves travelers about 30 minutes due to its location inside Taipei City's central business district, but the city suffers from the noise, pollution, restrictions on urban planning, and traffic congestion the airport brings about. In the 2002 and 2006 Taipei Mayor Election DPP candidates Lee Ying-yuan and Frank Hsieh both proposed the plan to close Songshan Airport, and developed its land into road, huge park, detention basin and sports arena, since the Taiwan High Speed Rail could quickly take up the traffic load between Taipei and western Taiwan cities, and the remaining service to outlying islands and eastern Taiwan could be easily taken over by the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport after the completion of the Taoyuan International Airport Access MRT System by the end of 2016. Also, the MRT system will make the international potential of Songshan airport less attractive. The Songshan Airport closing proposal was deferred under the Taipei City Government which has long been dominated by the Pan-Blue Coalition, who prefers the downtown airport connection concept with Shanghai, Seoul, and Tokyo.[citation needed]

Due to the introduction of Taiwan-China flights and future international potential, the airport is undergoing extensive renovations, the first phase of which is expected to be completed by October 2010.[15] The second and third phase renovations are expected to be completed by March and October 2011, respectively. However, as of November 2011 renovations are still in progress. A new international cargo terminal is being built in anticipation of a new air route between Taiwan and Japan.[16] The unused Terminal 2 was refurbished to accommodate arriving flights while the main Terminal, now Terminal 1, was rearranged to handle increased passenger traffic.[13] On 29 March 2011, the renovated Terminal 2 was re-opened to handle domestic flights.[17]

International potential

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Taipei Songshan Airport Terminal 2
 
Songshan Airport observation deck

Similar to Buenos Aires–Aeroparque, London–City, Milan–Linate, and Toronto–Billy Bishop airports, Songshan Airport is seen to have the potential to attract business travellers within Pacific Asia due to its location in downtown Taipei. Flights to Bangkok–Don Mueang, Jakarta–Halim Perdanakusuma, Kuala Lumpur–Subang, Nagoya–Komaki, Osaka–Itami, Seoul–Gimpo, Singapore–Seletar, Shanghai–Hongqiao, and Tokyo–Haneda are especially attractive since these airports are also closer to the central areas or business districts of their respective cities, and all these cities have larger far flung international airports. The airport is currently in the process of expansion to better accommodate international flights.[18]

On 6 March 2009, Japan and Taiwan signed a memorandum of understanding on the revision of Taiwan–Japan bilateral traffic. Four carriers (EVA Air, China Airlines, Japan Airlines, and All Nippon Airways) would be able to operate from Songshan Airport to Tokyo–Haneda.[citation needed] In December 2009, an affirmative schedule for the route between Tokyo–Haneda and Taipei–Songshan was announced.[19] Starting in October 2010, EVA Air, China Airlines, Japan Airlines, and All Nippon Airways each operates two flights a day from Taipei–Songshan to Tokyo–Haneda,[19] with China Airlines and EVA Air both utilizing the Airbus A330-300 on the route. All Nippon Airways and Japan Airlines began this route with the Boeing 767-300ER, but have phased in the newer Boeing 787-8 on the route beginning in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Japan Airlines also previously used the Boeing 777-200ER on this route.

On 14 June 2010, direct flights between Taipei–Songshan and Shanghai–Hongqiao began.[20] Each week has 28 flights, served by China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines, Air China, China Airlines, EVA Air, and TransAsia Airways. The airport will undergo upgrades to its runway and reduce its jet bridges from eight to six to accommodate wider contemporary aircraft such as the Airbus A330 and Boeing 767.[21]

Airlines and destinations

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The following airlines operate regular passenger flights at Songshan:

AirlinesDestinations
Air China Chongqing,[22] Shanghai–Hongqiao
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda
China Airlines Seoul–Gimpo, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Tokyo–Haneda
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Hongqiao
Eastar Jet Seoul–Gimpo[23]
EVA Air Seoul–Gimpo, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Tokyo–Haneda
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Haneda
Mandarin Airlines Fuzhou,[24] Kinmen, Matsu–Nangan, Penghu, Taitung, Wenzhou, Wuhan
Shanghai Airlines Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Tianfu[25]
T'way Air Seoul–Gimpo[26]
Uni Air Hualien, Kinmen, Matsu–Beigan, Matsu–Nangan, Penghu, Shanghai–Pudong, Taitung, Xiamen
XiamenAir Fuzhou, Xiamen

Traffic and statistics

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In 2018, Songshan Airport handled 6,225,932 passengers and 47,132.9 tons of cargo.[1] The route between Taipei Songshan and Kinmen is the busiest domestic route in Taiwan, with 1,267,630 travelers in 2018.[27] In 2018, the ten routes with the largest number of passengers are as follows:

Busiest routes from Taipei–Songshan (2018)[28][29]
Rank Airport Passengers 2018 Carriers
1   Tokyo–Haneda 1,418,248 China Airlines, EVA Air, All Nippon Airways, Japan Airlines
2   Kinmen 1,267,630 Mandarin Airlines, UNI Air
3   Penghu 1,036,535 Mandarin Airlines, UNI Air
4   Shanghai–Hongqiao 727,278 China Airlines, EVA Air, Air China, China Eastern, Shanghai Airlines
5   Matsu Nangan 252,172 UNI Air
6   Taitung 249,056 Mandarin Airlines, UNI Air
7   Seoul–Gimpo 242,363 China Airlines, EVA Air, Eastar Jet, T'way Air
8   Shanghai–Pudong 205,552 UNI Air, Shanghai Airlines
9   Fuzhou 162,734 Mandarin Airlines, XiamenAir
10   Xiamen 147,771 UNI Air, XiamenAir

Ground transportation

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Songshan Airport metro station

Metro

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The airport is served by the Songshan Airport metro station on the Wenhu line of the Taipei Metro.[30] The TR Songshan Airport Line [zh; ja] also formerly served Songshan Airport from 1936 until 1976.

Bus

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Several city buses also serve this airport, providing frequent links to the Tamsui Line and Wenshan Line of the Taipei Metro.

Accidents and incidents

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "5、民航運輸各機場營運量－按機場分" (PDF). www.caa.gov.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  2. ^ "SUNGSHAN". World Aero Data. WorldAeroData.com. Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  3. ^ "Introduction to TSA". Taipei Songshan Airport. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  4. ^ "Matsuyama Airfield during World War II". World War II Database. Retrieved 16 November 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "A Review: 50 Years of the Taipei Songshan Airport". Taipei Songshan Airport. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  6. ^ "Basic Information". Taipei Songshan Airport. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  7. ^ Xing, Zheng Yuan (1979). China yearbook. China Pub. Co. p. 10. Retrieved 7 July 2011.
  8. ^ a b "The Statistic Table of Working Capability in Taipei International Air Terminal From 1952 to 2008". Taipei Songshan Airport. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  9. ^ Shelly Shan (29 January 2008). "CAA approves end of Taipei–Kaohsiung flights on Uni Air". Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  10. ^ "Flight routes may decrease gradually". The China Post. 17 July 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  11. ^ "No more Taipei–Tainan flights after July". The China Post. 23 July 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  12. ^ "TAIWAN INAUGURATES US$142 MLN ROAD TUNNEL UNDER AIRPORT". AsiaPulse News. 6 November 2006. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  13. ^ a b "Taipei airport being renovated". The China Post. 22 June 2008. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  14. ^ "Gov't picks inferior option for airport: lawmaker". 12 November 2007. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  15. ^ "President promises all-out effort in renovating Songshan Airport". 15 June 2010. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  16. ^ "Songshan Airport to build international cargo terminal". Taiwan News. 22 July 2009. Archived from the original on 24 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  17. ^ "Songshan Airport's Terminal 2 to open for domestic flights Tuesday". 25 March 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  18. ^ "Songshan Airport expansion may be delayed". The China Post. 28 February 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
  19. ^ a b "Taiwan, Japan sign pact". The China Post. 12 December 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  20. ^ 上海虹橋和台北松山開始直航 (in Chinese). BBC. 14 June 2010.
  21. ^ 松山機場打造首都機場 釀飛安疑慮 (in Chinese). 16 May 2009.
  22. ^ "Register" – via facebook.
  23. ^ "EastarJet 3Q23 Network Additions". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  24. ^ "恢复！长乐直飞台北！". Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  25. ^ "Sichuan Airlines Chengdu Tianfu-Taipei Songshan flights changes".
  26. ^ "T'Way Air Resumes Taipei Songshan Service From Dec 2022".
  27. ^ "臺閩地區國內航線班機載客率及市場佔有率－按航線分" (PDF). CAA. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  28. ^ "台北松山機場國際及兩岸定期航線班機載客率－按航線分" (PDF). Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  29. ^ "台北松山機場國內航線班機載客率及市場占有率-按航線分" (PDF). Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  30. ^ "Route Map: Songshan Airport". Department of Rapid Transit Systems. Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  31. ^ "Matsumyama Airfield". World War II Database. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  32. ^ "B-243 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
  33. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  34. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  35. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  36. ^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-222 B-2603 Miao-Li". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  37. ^ "TransAsia Airways GE235 Flight Occurrence". Aviation Safety Council. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
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