bocht
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-West Germanic *buhti, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Equivalent to buigen (“to bend, bow”) + -t (“verbal noun”).
Noun
editbocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)
- a bend, curve, inflection, something not straight
- a twist, change
- a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
Derived terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle Dutch bocht, becht, bacht (“garbage, dung, shit”), possibly from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan (“to buy”), though this is at odds with the last two forms.[1]
Noun
editbocht m or n (uncountable)
- (now Belgium) junk, rubbish
- junk, booze, moonshine
- (Netherlands) disgusting drink, trash, rubbish
- Hij zei dat de bocht die hij ons gaf whiskey was, maar het smaakte er niet naar.
- He said that the foul drink he gave us was whiskey, but it didn't taste like it.
References
edit- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bocht2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Irish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Irish bocht (“poor”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editbocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)
- poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
- stingy
- (nominalized, masculine) poor person
Declension
editSingular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | bocht | bhocht | bochta; bhochta² | |
Vocative | bhoicht | bochta | ||
Genitive | boichte | bochta | bocht | |
Dative | bocht; bhocht¹ |
bhocht; bhoicht (archaic) |
bochta; bhochta² | |
Comparative | níos boichte | |||
Superlative | is boichte |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editMutation
editIrish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bocht | bhocht | mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 31, page 18
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bocht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-.
Adjective
editbocht
- poor
- (Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty
Inflection
edito/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | bocht | bocht | bocht |
Vocative | boicht* bocht** | ||
Accusative | bocht | boicht | |
Genitive | boicht | boichte | boicht |
Dative | bocht | boicht | bocht |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | boicht | bochta | |
Vocative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Accusative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Genitive | bocht | ||
Dative | bochtaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Descendants
editNoun
editbocht m or f
- poor person, pauper
- the poor (in a collective sense)
Inflection
editAs a masculine noun:
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bocht | bochtL | boichtL |
Vocative | boicht | bochtL | bochtuH |
Accusative | bochtN | bochtL | bochtuH |
Genitive | boichtL | bocht | bochtN |
Dative | bochtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
As a feminine noun:
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Vocative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Accusative | boichtN | boichtL | bochtaH |
Genitive | boichteH | bochtL | bochtN |
Dative | boichtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
edit- Manx: boght
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
edit·bocht
Mutation
editOld Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
bocht | bocht pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ |
mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Scots
editPronunciation
editVerb
editbocht
- simple past tense and past participle of buy
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔxt
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔxt/1 syllable
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms suffixed with -t (verbal noun)
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch nouns with multiple genders
- nl:Bodies of water
- Dutch uncountable nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Belgian Dutch
- Netherlands Dutch
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch ablauted verbal nouns
- Dutch verbal nouns with -t
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish adjectives
- Irish nominalized adjectives
- ga:People
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (break)
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- sga:Christianity
- Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish masculine nouns
- Old Irish feminine nouns
- Old Irish nouns with multiple genders
- Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns
- Old Irish ā-stem nouns
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish verb forms
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots non-lemma forms
- Scots verb forms
- Scots past participles