egin

See also: Egin

Basque

Etymology

From Proto-Basque *e-gin-i, possibly related to Iberian *ekien.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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• IPA^(key): /eɡin/ [e.ɣ̞ĩn]
• Rhymes: -eɡin
• Hyphenation: e‧gin

Verb

egin da/du/zaio (imperfect participle egiten, future participle egingo or eginen, short form egin, verbal noun egite)

1. (du) to do
   1. to do, make, create, produce
   2. to cook
   3. to pass (time)

      Sei hilabete egin nituen basamortuan. ― I spent six months in the desert. (literally, “I did six months in the desert.”)

   4. to turn a certain age

      Bihar 30 urte egingo ditu. ― He/she'll be 30 tomorrow. (literally, “He/she'll do 30 years tomorrow.”)

   5. [with instrumental] to speak (a language)

      Egin dezagun ingelesez. ― Let's speak English.

   6. [with inessive] to play (a game)

   kartetan egin ― to play cards (literally, “to do in cards”)

   1. [with allative] to turn
   2. (with dezagun only) let's suppose
2. (da, du) to become, to turn into
3. (da) [with allative] to get accustomed to
4. (zaio) to seem, to look
5. (auxiliary) Used as a light verb to allow nouns to function as verbs. The resulting verbs usually take transitive auxiliaries, even when translated by intransitive verbs.

   hitz egin ― to speak (literally, “to do word”)

6. (auxiliary) Used as an verbal intensifier.

   Etorri egin zara azkenean. ― You did come at last.

7. (auxiliary, pro-verb) Refers back to a previous verb.

Usage notes

• The synthetic verbal forms are not archaic, but periphrastic forms with an auxiliary are more common.

Conjugation

   egin ― NOR-NORK paradigm

Mood / Tense		NORK (ergative)							NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	2nd sg inf.	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd sg	2nd pl	3rd pl
		nik	hik	hark	guk	zuk	zuek	haiek
indicative	present	dagit	dagik/n	dagi	dagigu	dagizu	dagizue	dagite	hura	3rd sg
		dagitzat	dagitzak/n	dagitza	dagitzagu	dagitzazu	dagitzazue	dagitzate	haiek	3rd pl
	past	negien	hegien	zegien	genegien	zenegien	zenegiten	zegiten	hura	3rd sg
		negitzan	hegitzan	zegitzan	genegitzan	zenegitzan	zenegitzaten	zegitzaten	haiek	3rd pl
	conditional	banegi	bahegi	balegi	bagenegi	bazenegi	bazenegite	balegite	hura	3rd sg
		banegitza	bahegitza	balegitza	bagenegitza	bazenegitza	bazenegitzate	balegitzate	haiek	3rd pl
	hyp. cons.	negike	hegike	legike	genegike	zenegike	zenegikete	legikete	hura	3rd sg
		negitzake	hegitzake	legitzake	genegitzake	zenegitzake	zenegitzakete	legitzakete	haiek	3rd pl
	past cons.	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
potential	present	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
	hypothetic	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
	past	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
subjunctive	present	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
	past	―	―	―	―	―	―	―
imperative	present	—	egik/n	begi	—	egizu	egizue	begite	hura	3rd sg
		—	egitzak/n	begitza	—	egitzazu	egitzazue	begitza	haiek	3rd pl

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• egin bazkari (“bon appétit”) (Souletin)
• egin-eginean (“precisely”)
• eginahal (“effort”)
• eginahal guztian
• eginahalean (“with great effort”)
• eginahaletan
• eginahalka
• eginarazi
• eginarazle
• eginbehar (“duty”)
• eginbide
• eginbidea egin
• eginbidetsu
• egindura
• eginen
• eginerraz (“easy to do”)
• egingai
• egingarri
• egingo
• eginkari
• eginkariak egin
• eginkizun
• eginkor (“efficient”)
• egintza

 

Further reading

• “egin”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “egin”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Faroese

Adjective

egin

1. own

Usage notes

• egið forlag (“self-published”)

Declension

egin a26
Singular (eintal)	m (kallkyn)	f (kvennkyn)	n (hvørkikyn)
Nominative (hvørfall)	egin	egin	egið
Accusative (hvønnfall)	egnan	egna
Dative (hvørjumfall)	egnum	egnari	egnum
Genitive (hvørsfall)	(egins)	(egnar)	(egins)
Plural (fleirtal)	m (kallkyn)	f (kvennkyn)	n (hvørkikyn)
Nominative (hvørfall)	egnir	egnar	egin
Accusative (hvønnfall)	egnar
Dative (hvørjumfall)	egnum
Genitive (hvørsfall)	(egna)

Derived terms

• eginleiki

Related terms

• eiga (to own)

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish éicen (“necessity, compulsion; force; violence; tyranny; difficulty, need, trouble, strait; necessitousness”).

Noun

egin m

1. force

   er egin hene ― by sheer force

   egin ny tarraghtyn ― force of the circumstances

2. rape

   egin ny Sabeenee ― the Rape of the Sabines

Derived terms

• shegin (“to have to”)

Welsh

Etymology

Proto-Celtic *akīnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”) + *-iHnos.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɛɡɪn/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈeːɡɪn/, /ˈɛɡɪn/

Noun

egin m (collective, singulative eginyn)

1. shoots, sprouts, buds
2. stubs
3. beginnings
4. offspring, progeny

Derived terms

• egin ffa (“beansprouts”)
• egino (“to sprout, to germinate”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
egin	unchanged	unchanged	hegin
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “egin”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies