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Wiktionary

español

See also: Español

Asturian

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Etymology

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Compare Spanish español.

Adjective

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español m sg (feminine singular española, neuter singular español, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españoles)

  1. Spanish; pertaining to Spain, its people, culture,environment or language

Inflection

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gend/num singular plural
masculine español españoles
feminine española españoles
neuter español -

Noun

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español m sg (feminine singular española, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españoles)

  1. a Spaniard (man)

Noun

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español m (uncountable)

  1. Spanish, Castilian (language)

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espanhol. Compare Portuguese espanhol and Spanish español.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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español (feminine española, masculine plural españois, feminine plural españolas)

  1. Spanish; pertaining to Spain, its people, culture, or language

Noun

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español m (plural españois, feminine española, feminine plural españolas)

  1. Spaniard (man)
  2. Spanish, Castilian (language)

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Spanish espanyol, espannol. Probably a thirteenth-century borrowing from Old Occitan espaignol (compare modern Occitan espanhòl, Catalan espanyol, Portuguese espanhol, French espagnol), from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”),[1] from Latin Hispānus, back-formed from Hispānia, assumed in comparison to Hebrew שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n) to reflect Punic *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /⁠*ʔī šap̄ān⁠/, literally “coast of hyraxes”).

According to phonetic rules, if inherited from Latin, the Castilian Spanish result would have been *españuelo (though some argue that this did not take root because the suffix -uelo would be perceived as diminutive; more likely, it was simply because there was no need at the time for a common secular name for all the inhabitants of Christian Iberia/Spain, and a common identity as a unified people or entity had not yet been formed. Until then, the people used cristiano (“Christian”) to refer to themselves). The word español was supposedly imported from Provence by a medieval chronicler (it was originally introduced by pilgrims in Santiago) because there was no existing translation of the earlier Roman word Hispani when writing a chronicle of Spanish history, but this was the word Provençal speakers used to refer to the Christian kingdoms of what would later become Spain.[2] In Old Spanish there was also a form españón which disappeared after the first half of the 14th century, possibly derived from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniōnem.[3] Compare also espanesco, the word Mozarabic speakers used for themselves, presumably from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniscus.[4]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /espaˈɲol/ [es.paˈɲol]
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ol
  • Syllabification: es‧pa‧ñol

Adjective

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español (feminine española, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españolas)

  1. Spanish (from or native to Spain)
  2. Spanish (pertaining to Spain or to the language)

Derived terms

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Noun

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español m (plural españoles, feminine española, feminine plural españolas)

  1. Spaniard (man)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Noun

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español m (uncountable)

  2. Spanish (language)
    Synonym: castellano

References

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  1. ^ “español”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
  2. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=uJdbJK_sl2oC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  3. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=V4f8ZpJAhgIC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
  4. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=uJdbJK_sl2oC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

Further reading

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Anagrams

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