hu
Translingual
editSymbol
edithu
English
editEtymology
editClipping of human, first offered for usage by Mikhail Epstein, professor of cultural theory at Emory University (in 2003).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- Homophones: hue, huh
Pronoun
edithu (third-person singular, nominative case, reflexive huself) (epicene, nonstandard)
- (neologism) they (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 2007 November 29, Mikhail Epstein, “hu”, in International Society for Universal Dialog[4], archived from the original on 2 January 2012:
- It's the vice-president's job to support the president and take hus place when hu is away.
- (neologism) them (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns him and her.
- 2006, Perry Anderson with Glenn Burgess, edited by D. N. DeLuna, The Political Imagination in History: Essays Concerning J.G.A. Pocock[6], Owlworks, →ISBN, page 175:
- One of his favorite metaphors for the historian, drawn from the "Preface" to Hegel's Philosophy of Right, likens hu to the owl of Minerva, whose flight at dusk provided the setting for mature reflection on the day that had passed.
- (neologism) their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with his and her.
- 2006 October 1, “He said, she said, hu said”, in Los Angeles Times[7]:
- Now, however, the editorial writer has a new weapon in hu arsenal.
- 2006 November 17, Rob Kyff, “Hu Joins Heesh As Neutral Pronoun”, in Hartford Courant[8], archived from the original on 5 March 2016:
- If hu doesn't do hu homework, I will fail hu.
Hyponyms
editDerived terms
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ “Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[1], 2017 December 2 (last accessed), archived from the original on 18 November 2020
Anagrams
editAbau
editPronunciation
editNoun
edithu
References
edit- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
Acehnese
editEtymology
editPossible Austroasiatic origin. Compare with Bahnar huur
Pronunciation
editVerb
edithu
- to light up or burn
- Apui ka hu.
- The fire has been lit
- (figurative) to feel your heart burning; as in due to anger or eating something spicy.
Ainu
editVerb
edithu (Kana spelling フ)
- to be raw, uncooked
- ネア メノコポ カ ネア チ アエㇷ゚ カ フ チェㇷ゚ カ アコレ[2]
- nea menokopo ka nea ci aep ka hu cep ka a=kore
- I also gave the girl cooked food and raw fish.
Conjugation
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
1st-person | k(u)=hu | hu=as |
2nd-person | e=hu | eci=hu |
3rd-person | hu | hu |
4th-person | hu=an | hu=an |
†1st-person plurals are exclusive. Inclusive 1st-person plurals are denoted by 4th-person.
†4th-person: indefinite person, 1st-person inclusive plural, logophorical person, 2nd-person honorific, etc.
See Ainu grammar.
References
edit- John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[9], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 133, available online here
Akan
editPronunciation
edit- Tone: L[1]
Verb
edithu
References
edit- ^ Kotey, Paul A. (1998). Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
- Christaller, Johann Gottlieb (1881) “hũ”, in A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Chwee, Tw̌i)[10], Basel, pages 192–193
Albanian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Albanian *skuna < *skuja + *-na, from Proto-Indo-European *skuy-os < *skwey-.
Compare Norwegian/Faroese skon (“snout”), from Proto-Indo-European *skewd-.[1] More at hedh.
Noun
edithu m (plural hunj, definite huri, definite plural hunjtë)
Related terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Adam Hyllested, “Albanian hundë ‘nose’ and Faroese, SW Norwegian skon ‘snout’”, in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference (Bremen: Hempen, 2012), 73-81.
Australian Kriol
editEtymology
editPronoun
edithu
- (interrogative) who
Central Mazahua
editPronunciation
editLetter
edithu (upper case Hu)
- A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.
See also
edit- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ⱥ ⱥ, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cꞌ cꞌ, Cj cj, Cu cu, Cꞌu cꞌu, Cju cju, Ch ch, Chꞌ chꞌ, Chj chj, D d, Dy dy, E e, Ɇ ɇ, E̱ e̱, G g, Gu gu, Hu hu, ꞌHu ꞌhu, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jꞌ jꞌ, Jm jm, Jn jn, Jñ jñ, Ju ju, Jy jy, L l, M m, Mꞌ mꞌ, N n, Nꞌ nꞌ, Ñ ñ, Ñꞌ ñꞌ, O o, Ø ø, O̱ o̱, P p, Pj pj, R r, S s, T t, Tꞌ tꞌ, Tj tj, Ts ts, Tsꞌ tsꞌ, Tsj tsj, U u, Ꞹ ꞹ, U̱ u̱, X x, Z z, Zh zh, ꞌ
Chamorro
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku. Cognates include Javanese aku and Indonesian aku.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
edithu
Usage notes
edit- hu is used solely as a subject of a transitive verb, while yoʼ is used either as a subject of an intransitive verb or an object of a transitive verb.
See also
edithu-type pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | hu | ta | in |
2nd person | un | en | |
3rd person | ha | ma | |
yoʼ-type pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | yoʼ | hit | ham |
2nd person | hao | hamyo | |
3rd person | gueʼ | siha | |
emphatic pronouns | |||
singular | plural inclusive | plural exclusive | |
1st person | guahu | hita | hami |
2nd person | hagu | hamyo | |
3rd person | guiya | siha |
References
edit- Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar[11], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Chibcha
editPronunciation
editNoun
edithu
- Alternative form of bhu
References
edit- Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
Danish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse hugr, from Proto-Germanic *hugiz.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edithu c (singular definite huen, not used in plural form)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit“hu,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edithu
- imperative of hue
Etymology 3
editOnomatopoetic.
Pronunciation
editInterjection
edithu
References
edit“hu,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Esperanto
editPronunciation
editInterjection
edithu
- oh, ooh, oof, wow (indicating surprise or another strong emotion)
- Hu...mi kredis, ke tio ne veris.
- Oh...I thought that wasn't true.
See also
editGerman
editInterjection
edithu
- an exclamation of feeling cold
Further reading
editHungarian
editEtymology
editAn onomatopoeia.
Pronunciation
editInterjection
edithu
- boo (a loud exclamation intended to scare someone, especially a child)
- ah, oh (use to express fright)
- Hu, de megijedtem! ― Ah, you startled me!
- ugh (used to express repugnance, disgust)
- hoot (cry of an owl; see huhog)
Further reading
edit- (frightening someone or expressing horror): hu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (imitating a dog): hu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Japanese
editRomanization
edithu
Lower Sorbian
editPreposition
edithu (with genitive)
Maltese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /u/ (between consonants)
- IPA(key): /w/ (before or after a vowel)
- IPA(key): /uː/ (when strongly stressed)
- Homophone: u
Pronoun
edithu
- Alternative form of huwa
Inflection
editInflected forms of hu | |
---|---|
positive | huwa, hu |
negative | mhuwiex, mhux |
possessive pronoun | tiegħu |
basic suffix | -u, -h |
direct object suffix | -u, -h |
indirect object suffix | -lu |
Mandarin
editRomanization
edithu
- Nonstandard spelling of hū.
- Nonstandard spelling of hú.
- Nonstandard spelling of hǔ.
- Nonstandard spelling of hù.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle Dutch
editDeterminer
edithu
- Alternative spelling of u
Pronoun
edithu
- Alternative spelling of u; accusative/dative of gi
Middle English
editPronoun
edithu
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Norwegian Bokmål
editAlternative forms
editPronoun
edithu (accusative henne, genitive hennes)
- (Non-standard since 1959) she, (third person singular, feminine)
Norwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology 1
editPronoun
edithu
- (dialectal, nonstandard) alternative form of ho (“she”)
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse hú, originally onomatopoeic.
Interjection
edithu
- Used to express discomfort.
- boo hoo
- hoot
References
edit- “hu” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *hwō. Cognate with Old Frisian hū, Old Saxon hū (Dutch hoe), Old High German wuo.
Pronunciation
editAdverb
edithū
- how, in all senses, including:
- to what degree
- Hū eald is þīn dohtor?
- How old is your daughter?
- Hū miċel gold hæfst þū on þē?
- How much gold do you have on you?
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
- Hū be mete? hū swīðe lyst þē þæs?
- How about food? How much dost thou desire that?
- in what manner
- Hū sæġþ man þæt on Englisċ?
- How do you say that in English?
- Hū færest þū?
- How are you? (Literally: "How are you faring?")
- in what state
- Hū wæs þīn dæġ?
- How was your day?
- Þū canst Ælfrēd cyning? Hū is hē?
- You know King Alfred? What is he like?
- to what degree
- used in exclamations
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- Ēalā hū gōd mann!
- Oh, what a good person!
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- used to introduce negative rhetorical questions
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- Hū, ne eart þū sē mann þe on mīnre scōle wǣre āfēded and ġelǣred?
- Aren't you the person who was raised and taught in my school?
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Descendants
editConjunction
edithū
- how, in all senses:
- in what manner
- Iċ leornode hū man wæġn ġebētt.
- I learned how to repair a wagon.
- Hīe āscodon hū hīe helpan meahten.
- They asked how they could help.
- that, the fact that (introducing direct statements)
- Iċ him sæġde hū iċ wǣre æt hām ealne dæġ and ne ġehīerde nāwiht.
- I told them how I'd been at home all day and hadn't heard a thing.
- Þæt is tō wundriġenne hū hīe þā bryċġe swā hrædlīċe ġefyldon.
- It's amazing how they completed the bridge so quickly.
- in what manner
Descendants
editOld French
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
edithu
- a shouting noise made when pursuing someone or something
Noun
edithu oblique singular, m (oblique plural hus, nominative singular hus, nominative plural hu)
References
edit- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (hu)
- hu on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Old Saxon
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *hwō.
Pronunciation
editAdverb
edit1='''hū'''Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
hu
Conjunction
edit1='''hū'''Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
hu
Synonyms
editRomanian
editEtymology
editInterjection
edithu
- hoot (cry made by an owl)
Sumerian
editRomanization
edithu
- Romanization of 𒄷 (ḫu)
White Hmong
editEtymology
editProbably borrowed from Chinese 呼 (“to exhale; to shout, call”).[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
edithu
- to call
- Hu kuv. ― Call me.
References
editYanomamö
editNoun
edithu
References
editZou
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Kuki-Chin *khuu, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kəw-n/t. Cognates include Chinese 荤 (hūn) and Burmese ခိုး (hkui:).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edithu
References
edit- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/hu
- Rhymes:Hungarian/hu/1 syllable
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- guu:Anatomy
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- zom:Water