See also: Appendix:Variations of "m"
English
editPronoun
editm'
Derived terms
editCatalan
editPronoun
editm'
- Contraction of em.
Usage notes
edit- m' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.
- M'avorreixo. ― I'm bored.
Declension
editCatalan personal pronouns and clitics
Franco-Provençal
editPronoun
editm' (ORB, broad)
French
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editm’
- prevocalic form of me
- Je m'appelle Marcel. — I'm called Marcel.
- (in certain contexts) prevocalic form of moi
- Donne-m'en deux. — Give me two.
Related terms
editFrench personal pronouns
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Locative (at) |
Genitive (of) |
Disjunctive (tonic) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | je, j’ | me, m’ | — | — | moi | |
Second | — | tu | te, t’ | — | — | toi | ||
Third | Masculine | il | le, l’ | lui | y | en | lui | |
Feminine | elle | la, l’ | elle | |||||
Indeterminate | on1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
Reflexive | — | se, s’4 | — | — | soi4 | |||
Plural | First | — | nous | nous | — | — | nous | |
Second | — | vous2 | vous2,3 | — | — | vous2 | ||
Third | Masculine | ils3 | les | leur | y | en | eux3 | |
Feminine | elles | elles |
- 1 Also used as the first person plural.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
- 3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
- 4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
Further reading
edit- “m'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Haitian Creole
editEtymology
editContraction of mwen, from French moi.
Pronoun
editm'
Irish
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /mˠ/ (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
- IPA(key): /mʲ/ (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)
Determiner
editm' (triggers lenition of a following noun)
See also
editIrish personal pronouns
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) |
Disjunctive (emphatic) |
Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) |
mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 |
thú (thusa) |
do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) |
é (eisean) |
a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) |
í (ise) |
a H | |
Third neuter | — | ea | — | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) |
ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 |
bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) |
iad (iadsan) |
a E |
Italian
editPronoun
editm' (apocopated)
Usage notes
editCommonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.
See also
editItalian personal pronouns
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |
Louisiana Creole
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editm'
- prevocalic form of mo (“I”)
- M'ap bwa labyèr. ― I'm drinking beer.
Middle French
editPronoun
editm' (apocopate)
Usage notes
edit- The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts
- il menvoia ― he sent me
Old French
editPronoun
editm'
- prevocalic form of me (“me, myself”)
- prevocalic form of mon, ma (“my, mine”)
- 13th century, Herman de Valenciennes, Assomption Nostre Dame, page 7, column 2, lines 16–17:
- ceo sacez m'amie tuit cil que te requerunt
a tun commandement merci auvrunt- this you know, my friend, that all those who are looking for you
upon your command will have mercy
- this you know, my friend, that all those who are looking for you
Old Irish
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /m/ (before a back vowel sound)
- IPA(key): /mʲ/ (before a front vowel sound)
Determiner
editm' (triggers lenition of a following noun)
Sassarese
editPronoun
editm'
Scottish Gaelic
editPronunciation
editDeterminer
editm'
See also
editScottish Gaelic possessive determiners
References
edit- “m'” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.
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