orca
English
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Latin orca (“tun, cask; whale”), see there for more. Although the origin is obscure, the sometimes-cited association with orcus (“underworld”) is folk-etymology. Doublet of orc.
Pronunciation
edit- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈoɹkə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɔːkə/
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)kə
Audio (Canada): (file)
Noun
editorca (plural orcas or orca)
- A sea mammal (Orcinus orca) related to dolphins and porpoises, commonly called the killer whale.
- Synonyms: grampus, killer whale, blackfish
- 1876, Alexander Schultz, “Account of the Fisheries and Seal-Hunting in the White Sea, the Arctic Ocean, and the Caspian Sea”, in United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Part III. Report of the Commissioner for 1873-4 and 1874-5., Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 55:
- In the summer, when the weather is calm and beautiful, large flocks of orcæ can be seen approaching the shallow places near the shore, or between the numerous islands of the White Sea. Several fishermen associate for hunting orcæ, each one furnishing a boat, and a large seine made of cords of the thickness of a finger, the meshes being 10½ inches square.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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See also
editAnagrams
editCatalan
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editorca f (plural orques)
Further reading
edit- “orca” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Galician
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editorca f (plural orcas)
- orca, killer whale
- Synonym: candorca
Further reading
edit- “orca”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Hungarian
editEtymology
editA compound of orr (“nose”) + száj (“mouth”) → orrszáj, transformed to orca over the centuries.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editorca (plural orcák)
- (archaic) cheek
- Holonym: (face) arc
- 1844, Sándor Petőfi, translated by John Ridland, János vitéz[1], chapter 4, stanza 5, lines 1-2:
- „Hej, Iluskám! hogyne volnék én halovány, / Mikor szép orcádat utószor látom tán…”
- “Oh, Nelly love! How could I help but look white, / When your lovely face soon will be torn from my sight…”
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember[2] (Timar’s Two Worlds),[3] part 1, chapter 2, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
- A kormányos ölnyi termetű kemény férfi volt, erősen rezes arcszínnel, a két orcáján a pirosság vékony hajszálerek szövevényében fejezte ki magát, miktől a szeme fehére is recés volt.
- The steersman is a six-foot weather-beaten sailor with a very red face, whose color on both cheeks comes from a network of veins with which the white of the eye is also transfused.
Declension
editInflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | orca | orcák |
accusative | orcát | orcákat |
dative | orcának | orcáknak |
instrumental | orcával | orcákkal |
causal-final | orcáért | orcákért |
translative | orcává | orcákká |
terminative | orcáig | orcákig |
essive-formal | orcaként | orcákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | orcában | orcákban |
superessive | orcán | orcákon |
adessive | orcánál | orcáknál |
illative | orcába | orcákba |
sublative | orcára | orcákra |
allative | orcához | orcákhoz |
elative | orcából | orcákból |
delative | orcáról | orcákról |
ablative | orcától | orcáktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
orcáé | orcáké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
orcáéi | orcákéi |
Possessive forms of orca | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | orcám | orcáim |
2nd person sing. | orcád | orcáid |
3rd person sing. | orcája | orcái |
1st person plural | orcánk | orcáink |
2nd person plural | orcátok | orcáitok |
3rd person plural | orcájuk | orcáik |
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- orca in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editorca f (genitive singular orcan, nominative plural oircne)
Declension
edit
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Mutation
editIrish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
orca | n-orca | horca | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “orca”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “orca”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “orca”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “orca”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Italian
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editNoun
editorca f (plural orche)
- killer whale; orca
- Synonym: balena assassina
- 1516, Ludovico Ariosto, “Canto decimo [Canto 10]”, in Orlando Furioso [Raging Roland][4], Venice: Gabriel Giolito, published 1551, page 41:
- Vi fu legata pur quella mattina,
Dove venia per trangughiarla viva
Quel smisurato Mostro Orca marina,
che di abhorrevole esca si nutriva- That morning, she was tied up there, where that enormous monster, marine orca, feeding on horrible bait, was coming to swallow her alive
- 1619, Michelangelo Buonarroti the Younger, La fiera[5], published 1726, page 198:
- Per quelle cave algose,
Preda d’orche voraci, e d’onde avare- Through those caves filled with seaweeds, prey to voracious orcas, and ungenerous waves
Etymology 2
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editNoun
editorca f (plural orche)
- (nautical, historical) hulk (large ship used for transportation)
Further reading
edit- orca1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
- orca2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams
editLatin
editEtymology
editEither borrowed from Ancient Greek ὕρχη (húrkhē, “earthen fish-salting vessel”), or else both borrowed separately from a substrate Mediterranean language. The sense of whale is likely influenced by ὄρυξ (órux, “pickaxe; oryx; narwhal”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈor.ka/, [ˈɔrkä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈor.ka/, [ˈɔrkä]
Noun
editorca f (genitive orcae); first declension
Declension
editFirst-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | orca | orcae |
Genitive | orcae | orcārum |
Dative | orcae | orcīs |
Accusative | orcam | orcās |
Ablative | orcā | orcīs |
Vocative | orca | orcae |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Catalan: orca
- Galician: orca
- Italian: orca
- Middle French: orque f
- Portuguese: orca
- Romanian: orca
- Spanish: orca
- → Dutch: orka
- → English: orca
- → Cebuano: orca
- → German: Orca
- → Polish: orka
- → Kashubian: órka
- → Proto-West Germanic: *ork (see there for further descendants)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Translingual: orca
References
edit- “orca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “orca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- orca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- orca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “orca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “orca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Portuguese
editPronunciation
edit
- Hyphenation: or‧ca
Noun
editorca f (plural orcas)
- orca
- Synonym: baleia-assassina
Spanish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈoɾka/ [ˈoɾ.ka]
Audio (Spain): (file) - Rhymes: -oɾka
- Syllabification: or‧ca
- Homophone: horca
Noun
editorca f (plural orcas, masculine orco, masculine plural orcos)
- orca, killer whale
- Synonym: ballena asesina
Further reading
edit- “orca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Anagrams
edit- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English learned borrowings from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)kə
- Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)kə/2 syllables
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- en:Delphinids
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- ca:Cetaceans
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/ɔɾka
- Rhymes:Galician/ɔɾka/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- gl:Cetaceans
- Hungarian compound nouns
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/t͡sɒ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/t͡sɒ/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian terms with quotations
- Hungarian dvandva compounds
- hu:Anatomy
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish literary terms
- Irish irregular nouns
- ga:Limbs
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔrka
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔrka/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian terms with quotations
- Italian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Italian terms derived from Dutch
- Rhymes:Italian/orka
- Rhymes:Italian/orka/2 syllables
- it:Nautical
- Italian historical terms
- it:Cetaceans
- Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from substrate languages
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- la:Cetaceans
- la:Containers
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Cetaceans
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɾka
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɾka/2 syllables
- Spanish terms with homophones
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- es:Cetaceans