yo
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Translingual
editSymbol
edityo
English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editAs a greeting first attested in 1859, attested first as a cry of sailors and huntsmen (first attested in the 1400s; compare e.g. huzzah, giddyup). Originally from Middle English yo, io, ȝo, yeo, yaw, variant forms of ya, ye (“yes, yea”), from Old English ġēa (“yes, yea”), from Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes, thus, so”); or perhaps from Old English ēow (“Wo!, Alas!”, interjection). Compare Danish, Swedish, German, Norwegian jo (“yes (flexible meaning)”), Dutch jow (“hi, hey”) and Dutch jo (“hi, hey”). More at yea, ow, ew.
Modern popularity apparently dates from World War II (claimed to be a common response at roll calls; see definition 4), and then most intensely attested in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; it thence spread globally from American dominance of pop culture post-WWII.
Interjection
edityo
- (slang) A greeting similar to hi.
- (slang) An interjection similar to hey.
- Synonyms: ahoy, oi; see also Thesaurus:hey
- Yo, check this out!
- Check this out, yo!
- (slang) An expression of surprise or excitement.
- Yo, that's crazy, but I don't remember asking.
- 2021 October 2, Mason Cannon, “Don't Feel Pressured To Declare Your Major Right Away”, in Study Breaks[1]:
- I have quickly acclimated myself to the standard form of greeting on campus: "Oh hey what’s your name? … Yeah, nice to meet you, what're you studying? … Yo that’s sick!" A script to recite, nearly verbatim, 10 times a day or more.
- (military slang) Present! Here!
- Sergeant: Smith?
Private Smith: Yo!
- Sergeant: Smith?
- (chiefly African-American Vernacular) Emphatic conclusion to a statement.
- 2010, "Kafkaesque" (Breaking Bad TV series, season 3, episode 9)
- JESSE: That is messed up, yo.
- 2010, "Kafkaesque" (Breaking Bad TV series, season 3, episode 9)
Synonyms
edit- (greeting): hey, hi; see also Category:English greetings
- (interjection): hey
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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Etymology 2
editAlternative forms
editDeterminer
edityo
- (colloquial) Pronunciation spelling of your.
- Yo sandwich has only bacon in it. Want some ketchup on that?
Derived terms
editPronoun
edityo
- (Baltimore) third-person singular, familiar
- Yo was tuckin' in his shirt! (Stotko and Troyer 2007)
Etymology 3
editNoun
edityo
Etymology 4
editPronunciation
editNoun
edityo (plural yos)
Derived terms
editTranslations
editEtymology 5
editNumeral
edityo
- Short for yoleven.
Etymology 6
editFrom irregular romanization of the standard Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 龠 (yuè).
Noun
edityo (plural yo or yos)
See also
editAnagrams
editAfar
editPronunciation
editPronoun
edityó
Usage notes
edit- The form yóo is used when the pronoun isn't followed by a clitic.
See also
editReferences
edit- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “yo”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
Aragonese
editEtymology
editInherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun
edityo m sg or f sg
- First-person singular nominative pronoun; I
See also
editnominative | disjunctive | dative | accusative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me, m'2 | ||||
plural | masculine | nusatros1.1 | nos1.6 | ||||
feminine | nusatras1.1 | ||||||
second person | singular | familiar | tú | te, t'2 | |||
formal | vusté,1.2 vos | ||||||
plural | familiar | masculine | vusatros1.3 | vos, tos3 | |||
feminine | vusatras1.3 | ||||||
formal | vustés,1.2 vos | ||||||
third person | singular | masculine | él1.4 | le1.7 | lo,1.8 l'2 | ||
feminine | ella1.5 | la | |||||
plural | masculine | els, ellos1.4 | les1.7 | los1.9 | |||
feminine | ellas1.5 | las | |||||
reflexive | — | se, s'2 |
- The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
- nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
- vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
- ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
- era(s) (Belsetán).
- mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
- li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
- el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
- The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
- In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.
References
edit- “yo”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)
Asturian
editEtymology
editInherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronoun
edityo
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
Chavacano
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editPronoun
edityo
- I (1st person nominative pronoun)
See also
editPerson | Number | Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) |
---|---|---|---|---|
First | singular | yo | conmigo | de mio |
plural inclusive | kita | kanaton | de aton | |
plural exclusive | kami | kanamon | de amon | |
Second | singular | tu, usted, vos | contigo, con usted, con vos | de tuyo |
plural | kamo, ustedes, vosotros | kaninyo, con ustedes | de inyo, de ustedes | |
Third | singular | ele | con ele | de suyo |
plural | sila, ellos, esos | kanila, con ellos | de ila |
Chinese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jou1
- Yale: yōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: jou1
- Guangdong Romanization: you1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jou̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Adjective
edityo
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang) outgoing; sociable
Verb
edityo (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang)
- to act in an outgoing manner
- to socialize with; to interact with
- (euphemistic) Used in certain interjections to replace vulgar verbs.
Derived terms
editDanish
editEtymology
editInterjection
edityo
- (slang) yo
- 2016, Lisbeth Zornig, Mikael Lindholm, Bundfald, Art People, →ISBN:
- “Yo!” Mathias så op.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Dutch
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
edityo
Guerrero Amuzgo
editAdjective
edityo
Haitian Creole
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editArticle
edityo pl
Usage notes
editThis word is only used in its article sense when it modifies a plural noun.
See also
edit- a
- an
- la
- lan
- nan
- sa a (emphatic value)
- yon (indef. art.)
Pronoun
edityo (contracted form y)
Indonesian
editEtymology 1
editA shortening of "ayo" (come on)
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editInterjection
edityo
Japanese
editRomanization
edityo
Kristang
editPronoun
edityo
See also
editKristang personal pronouns (edit) | ||
---|---|---|
Person | Singular | Plural |
First | yo | nus |
Second | bos | bolotu |
Third | eli | olotu |
References
edit- ^ 2010, Ladislav Prištic, Kristang - Crioulo de Base Portuguesa, Masaryk University, page 26.
Ladino
editEtymology
editFrom Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
edityo (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling ייו)
Lashi
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Lolo-Burmese *hja, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hja. Cognates include Jingpho yi.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edityo
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editNoun
edityo
Etymology 3
editFrom Proto-Lolo-Burmese [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ja. Cognates include Jingpho kăya.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edityo
References
edit- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), pages 15-16
Lingala
editPronoun
edityo
- Alternative form of yɔ̂
Lower Tanana
editNoun
edityo
References
edit- James Kari, Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises (1991)
Mandarin
editRomanization
edit- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 喲/哟
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嚛/𪠸, 𪠸
yo
- Nonstandard spelling of yō.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English
editEtymology 1
editPronoun
edityo
- Alternative form of yow
Etymology 2
editPronoun
edityo
- Alternative form of heo (“she”)
Noone
editNoun
edityo (plural yɔ́)
References
edit- R. Blench, Beboid Comparative
Norman
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old French yaue, ewe, euwe, egua (“water”), from Latin aqua (“water”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂ (“water, flowing water”).
Noun
edityo f (plural yos)
Old Spanish
editEtymology
editInherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Adverb
edityo
Descendants
editPali
editAlternative forms
editPronoun
edityo
- masculine nominative singular of ya (“who (relative)”)
Spanish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.
Pronunciation
edit
Pronoun
edityo
- First-person singular pronoun in the nominative case; I
Usage notes
edit- When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first; it must be the last one (this also applies to mí):
- Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.
Derived terms
editSee also
editnominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first person | singular | yo | me | mí1 | |||
plural | masculine2 | nosotros | nos | nosotros | |||
feminine | nosotras | nosotras | |||||
second person | singular | tuteo | tú | te | ti1 | ||
voseo | vos | vos | |||||
formal3 | usted | le, se4 | lo/la5 | usted | |||
plural | familiar6 | masculine2 | vosotros | os | vosotros | ||
feminine | vosotras | vosotras | |||||
formal/general3 | ustedes | les, se4 | los/las5 | ustedes | |||
third person | singular | masculine2 | él | le, se4 | lo | él | |
feminine | ella | la | ella | ||||
neuter | ello7 | lo | ello | ||||
plural | masculine2 | ellos | les, se4 | los | ellos | ||
feminine | ellas | las | ellas | ||||
reflexive | — | se | sí1 |
- Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
- Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
- Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
- If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
- Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
- Used primarily in Spain
- Used only in rare circumstances
Noun
edit- (psychoanalysis) Freud's concept of the ego
Descendants
edit- Chavacano: yo
Further reading
edit- “yo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Turkish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
edityo
Further reading
edit- “yo”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yo¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5343
West Makian
editPronunciation
editParticle
edityo
- sentence-final action negation particle; not
- de tifiam yo ― I am not eating
Usage notes
editSpecifically negates action verbs (intransitive, transitive, ditransitive, etc.). To negate a stative verb, see wayo. The verbs seba/tope (“to want”) are not negated by ua, which would be ungrammatical. Instead, one uses the verb fono (“to not want”).
References
edit- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[3], Pacific linguistics
Xhosa
editPronoun
edit-yo
- Combining stem of yona.
Yanomamö
editNoun
edityo (plural yoku)
References
editYe'kwana
editPronunciation
editVerb
edityo
- (transitive) to leave (someone) without a portion from the hunt
References
edit- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “yo”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[5], Lyon
Yoruba
editPronunciation
editVerb
edityó
- to become saturated with food or drinks; to become full (after eating)
- to become drunk
- to become fleshy or robust (in reference to the belly or body)
- (idiomatic, euphemistic) to become pregnant
Derived terms
edit- Àwòyó (“a nickname for the orisha Yemọja”)
Zulu
editPronoun
edit-yo
- Combining stem of yona.
- Translingual lemmas
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- ISO 639-1
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