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{{Short description|Medieval European aristocratic family}} |
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The '''Bosonids''' were a [[dynasty]] of [[Carolingian era]] dukes, counts, bishops and knights descended from [[Boso the Elder]]. Eventually they married into the [[Carolingian dynasty]] and produced kings and an emperor of the [[Francia|Frankish Empire]]. |
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The '''Bosonids''' were a [[dynasty]] of [[Carolingian era]] dukes, counts, bishops and knights descended from [[Boso the Elder]]. They married into the [[Carolingian dynasty]] and produced kings and an emperor of the [[Francia|Frankish Empire]]. |
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The first great scion of the dynasty was [[Boso of Provence|Boso |
The first great scion of the dynasty was [[Boso of Provence|Boso]], [[count of Arles]] and of other Burgundian counties in the mid-9th century. Boso rose in favour as a courtier of [[Charles the Bald]]. He was even appointed [[viceroy]] in [[Regnum Italicum|Italy]] in 875. After the death of Charles' son [[Louis the Stammerer]], Boso refused to recognise Louis' sons [[Carloman of France|Carloman]] and [[Louis III of France|Louis III]] as kings of France, and proclaimed himself [[king of Provence]] in 879 at [[Vienne, Isère|Vienne]], with the support of the nobility. Boso strove throughout the rest of his life to maintain his title in the face of Emperor [[Charles the Fat]]. He died in 887 and was succeeded by his son, [[Louis the Blind]], under the regency of his wife [[Ermengard of Provence|Ermengard]], a daughter of the [[Emperor Louis II]]. |
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Louis was adopted by Charles |
Louis was adopted by Charles the Fat and legitimised in his royal title. With this legal basis, he sought to take the place of his [[Carolingian]] relatives on the imperial and Italian thrones in 900. He was crowned in [[Pavia]] and then in [[Rome]], but could not actually hold on to power there. |
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== |
==Genealogy== |
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{{chart top|Bosonids, Bivinids, and their relatives, with the names of kings and emperors bolded<ref name="Riché-1993c">{{Cite book|last=Riché|first=Pierre|title=The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1993|editor-last=Peters|editor-first=Edward|series=Middle Ages Series|location=Philadelphia|page=370|translator-last=Allen|translator-first=Michael Idomir}}</ref>}} |
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*[[Boso the Elder]] |
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{{Tree chart/start}} |
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**daughter, possibly named Richildis, married to [[Bivin of Gorze]]; for offspring see his branch |
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**Boso, count in Italy |
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**[[Teutberga]], married to [[Lothar II]] |
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**[[Hucbert]], lay abbot of St-Maurice-in-Valais |
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***[[Theobald of Arles]], married to [[Bertha, daughter of Lothair II|Bertha]], daughter of [[Lothar II]] and Waldrada |
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****[[Hugh of Arles]], king of Italy |
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*****[[Lothair II of Italy|Lothair]], king of Italy |
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*****[[Hubert, Duke of Spoleto]] (illegitimate) |
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******[[Hugh, Margrave of Tuscany]] |
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*****Bertha (Eudokia), married [[Romanos II]] Roman Emperor of [[Macedonian dynasty]] |
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****[[Boso, Margrave of Tuscany]] |
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*****Bertha or Gersenda, married firstly Boso of Burgundy (of Bivin's branch of Bosonids, below), and secondly [[Raymond II of Rouergue]] |
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*****[[Willa of Tuscany|Willa]], married [[Berengar II of Italy]] |
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*****Rotbold/Rotbald (+950) |
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******[[Boso II of Provence]], married Constantia, daughter of [[Charles Constantine of Vienne|Carolus Constantinus]] |
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*******[[Rotbold I, Count of Provence]] |
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*******[[William I of Provence|William I, Count of Provence]] |
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********[[Constance of Arles]], married [[Robert II of France]] |
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********[[William II of Provence]] |
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*********[[William IV of Provence]] |
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*********[[Geoffrey I of Provence]] |
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**********[[Bertrand II of Provence]] |
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*********[[Fulk Bertrand of Provence]] |
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**********[[William Bertrand of Provence]] |
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**********[[Geoffrey II of Provence]] |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Boso|v|Engeltrude |
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==Bivinids== |
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| Boso=[[Boso the Elder]] |
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*Richard, count of Amiens |
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| Engeltrude=Engeltrude |
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**Richard |
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}} |
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**[[Bivin of Gorze]], married to a daughter of [[Boso the Elder]], possibly named Richildis |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |
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***[[Richard, Duke of Burgundy|Richard the Justiciar, Duke of Burgundy]], first married to Adelaida of Auxerre |
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}} |
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****[[Rudolph of France|Rudolf]], Duke Burgundy, King of France, married Emma of Paris |
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{{Tree chart|border=0|Louis II| |Richildis| |Teutberga|-|-|Lothair II| |v|Waldrada| | | | |Hucbert| | | | | |Boso| |
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*****Louis |
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| Boso=Boso<br>count in Italy |
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*****Judith |
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| Richildis= Richildis (wife of [[Bivin of Gorze]]) |
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****[[Hugh the Black]], Duke of Burgundy |
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| Teutberga= [[Teutberga]]<br>queen of Lotharingia |
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*****daughter or sister of Hugh the Black? Married to [[Gilbert of Burgundy]] |
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|Hucbert= [[Hucbert]]<br>count of Valois |
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******Adelaida, surnamed Werra, married to Robert of Meaux |
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|Louis II= '''[[Louis II of Italy]]'''<br>emperor |
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******Liegardis, married [[Otto, Duke of Burgundy]] |
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|Lothair II= '''[[Lothair II ]]'''<br>king of Lotharingia |
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****Boso, count, married Bertha, daughter of Boso, Margrave of Tuscany (of Boso the Elder's branch of Bosonids) |
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|Waldrada=[[Waldrada of Lotharingia|Waldrada]]<br>mistress, later wife |
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****Gibuin, count of Dijon; from a second marriage |
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}} |
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*****Hugo, count of Dijon |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| |
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******Richard, count of Dijon |
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}} |
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******Hugo, count |
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{{Tree chart|border=0|Ermengard|v|Boso| |Richildis| |Richard| |Bertha|-|-|v|-|-|-|Theobald| |
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******[[Gibuin, bishop of Chalon]] |
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| Richildis = [[Richilde of Provence|Richildis]]<br>empress |
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******Odo |
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| Boso= '''[[Boso of Provence|Boso]]'''<br>king of Provence |
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| Richard = [[Richard the Justiciar]]<br>duke of Burgundy |
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***? possibly Bivin, count of Metz? |
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| Theobald = [[Theobald of Arles|Theobald]]<br>count of Arles |
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***[[Boso of Provence|Boso]], count of Vienne, king of the Provence, married secondly to [[Ermengard of Provence|Ermengard]], daughter of [[Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis II]] |
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|Ermengard= [[Ermengard of Italy]]<br>queen of Provence |
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****[[Louis the Blind]]; married Anna, daughter of [[Leo VI the Wise|Leo VI]] Roman Emperor of [[Macedonian dynasty]] |
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|Bertha= [[Bertha, daughter of Lothair II|Bertha of Lotharingia]]<br>countess of Arles |
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*****[[Charles Constantine of Vienne|Carolus Constantinus]], count of Vienne, married Theoberga of Sens |
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}} |
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******Hugobert |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|(| | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |
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******Richard |
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}} |
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******(perhaps) Constantia, married [[Boso II of Provence]], son of Rotbold (+950) |
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{{Tree chart|border=0|Engelberga| |Louis| |Rudolph| |Hugh| |Hugh of Italy| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Boso of Tuscany| |
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****Engelberga, married to [[William I of Aquitaine|William the Pious]], duke of Aquitaine |
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| Engelberga=[[Engelberga of Provence|Engelberga]] |
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| Louis= '''[[Louis the Blind]]'''<br>emperor |
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| Rudolph= '''[[Rudolph of France|Rudolph]]'''<br>king of Western Francia |
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| Hugh= [[Hugh the Black]] |
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| Hugh of Italy= '''[[ Hugh of Italy]]'''<br>king of Italy |
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| Boso of Tuscany= [[Boso, Margrave of Tuscany|Boso]] <br>margrave of Tuscany |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | |!| | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | |!| |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | |Charles| | |Lothair II of Italy|v|Adelaide of Italy| | | | |Hubert| |Bertha|-|-|Romanos II| | |Willa|v|Berengar II| |
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| Charles=[[Charles Constantine of Vienne|Charles Constantine]]<br>count of Vienne |
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| Lothair II of Italy='''[[Lothair II of Italy]]'''<br>king of Italy |
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| Adelaide of Italy=[[Adelaide of Italy]] |
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| Hubert=[[Hubert, Duke of Spoleto|Hubert]]<br>duke of Spoleto |
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| Bertha=[[Eudokia of Italy]]<br>Byzantine princess |
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| Romanos II='''[[Romanos II]]'''<br>Byzantine emperor |
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| Willa=[[Willa of Tuscany|Willa]]<br>queen of Italy |
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| Berengar II='''[[Berengar II of Italy]]'''<br>king of Italy |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | ,|-|-|(| |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | |Emma of Italy|v|Lothair of France| | | |Hugh of Tuscany| | | | | | | | | |Adalbert of Italy| | |Rozala of Italy| |
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| Emma of Italy= [[Emma of Italy]] <br>queen of West Francia |
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| Lothair of France='''[[Lothair of France]]'''<br>king of West Francia |
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| Hugh of Tuscany= [[Hugh of Tuscany]]<br>margrave of Tuscany |
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| Adalbert of Italy='''[[Adalbert of Italy]]'''<br>king of Italy |
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| Rozala of Italy= [[Rozala of Italy]]<br>queen of West Francia |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | |Louis V of France| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| Louis V of France='''[[Louis V of France]]'''<br>last Carolingian king of West Francia |
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}} |
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{{Tree chart/end}} |
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{{Chart bottom}} |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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*Constance B. Bouchard, "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age" ''French Historical Studies'' '''15'''.3 (Spring 1988), pp. 407–431. |
*Constance B. Bouchard, "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age" ''French Historical Studies'' '''15'''.3 (Spring 1988), pp. 407–431. {{jstor|286367}} |
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==Sources== |
==Sources== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*Pierre Riché, ''The Carolingians, a family who forged Europe''. |
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{{Monarchs of France|state=collapsed}} |
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[[Category:Bosonids| ]] |
[[Category:Bosonids| ]] |
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[[Category:Frankish noble families]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:57, 5 November 2024
The Bosonids were a dynasty of Carolingian era dukes, counts, bishops and knights descended from Boso the Elder. They married into the Carolingian dynasty and produced kings and an emperor of the Frankish Empire.
The first great scion of the dynasty was Boso, count of Arles and of other Burgundian counties in the mid-9th century. Boso rose in favour as a courtier of Charles the Bald. He was even appointed viceroy in Italy in 875. After the death of Charles' son Louis the Stammerer, Boso refused to recognise Louis' sons Carloman and Louis III as kings of France, and proclaimed himself king of Provence in 879 at Vienne, with the support of the nobility. Boso strove throughout the rest of his life to maintain his title in the face of Emperor Charles the Fat. He died in 887 and was succeeded by his son, Louis the Blind, under the regency of his wife Ermengard, a daughter of the Emperor Louis II.
Louis was adopted by Charles the Fat and legitimised in his royal title. With this legal basis, he sought to take the place of his Carolingian relatives on the imperial and Italian thrones in 900. He was crowned in Pavia and then in Rome, but could not actually hold on to power there.
Genealogy
[edit]| Bosonids, Bivinids, and their relatives, with the names of kings and emperors bolded[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading
[edit]- Constance B. Bouchard, "The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age" French Historical Studies 15.3 (Spring 1988), pp. 407–431. JSTOR 286367
Sources
[edit]- ^ Riché, Pierre (1993). Peters, Edward (ed.). The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe. Middle Ages Series. Translated by Allen, Michael Idomir. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 370.